ʻO nā mea āpau āu e ʻike ai e pili ana i nā ana

Anter

• Nā hōʻailona o ke ana
• Nā kumu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai
• Hōʻea ka maʻi ʻula?
• He maʻi lele anei ka maʻi ʻula?
• Ke hōʻike nei i ka maʻi ʻula
• Lapaʻau no ka maʻi ʻula
• Nā kiʻi
• Nā ana i nā mākua
• ʻLeskala i nā pēpē
• ʻO ka wā hoʻoulu no ka maʻi ʻula
• ʻAno Mīkini
• Nā paukū vs. rubella
• Kāohi pale
• Hoʻomaha lāʻau
• Nā hana pale ʻē aʻe
• Nā ana i ka wā hāpai
• Wānana aniani

ʻO ka Campus, a i ʻole ka rubeola, kahi maʻi viral i hoʻomaka i ka ʻōnaehana hanu. Ke waiho nei ia i kumu nui o ka make ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, ʻoiai ke loaʻa o kahi palekana.

Ma kahi o 110,000 ka nui o ka make ma ka honua e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻula ma 2017, ka hapa nui o lākou i nā keiki ma lalo o ka makahiki 5, e like me ka. Ke piʻi nui nei hoʻi nā hihia o ka maʻi ʻaipala maʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i nā makahiki i hala iho nei.

E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻula, pehea e pālahalaha ai, a pehea e pale aku ai.

Nā hōʻailona o ke ana

Hōʻike mua ʻia nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻula ma waena o 10 a 12 mau lā o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi. Pākuʻi ʻia lākou:

• ʻūhā
• fiva
• ihu ihope
• maka ʻulaʻula
• eha ka 'ā'ī
• nā kiko keʻokeʻo ma loko o ka waha

ʻO ka pehu ʻili ākea kahi hōʻailona maʻamau o ka maʻi ʻula. Hiki ke lōʻihi a hiki i 7 mau lā a kū pinepine i loko o 14 mau lā o ka pā ʻana i ka maʻi. Hoʻonui maʻamau ia ma ke poʻo a hohola mālie i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

Nā kumu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai me ka maʻi me ka maʻi mai ka ʻohana paramyxovirus. ʻO nā virus he mau microbes parasite liʻiliʻi. I ka manawa i loaʻa iā ʻoe i ka maʻi, komo ka maʻi i nā pūnaewele host a hoʻohana i nā pūnaewele pūnaewele e hoʻopau ai i ke ola holoʻokoʻa.

Hoʻopili mua ka maʻi hoʻomaʻi i ka maʻi ʻula. Eia nō naʻe, pāhola ʻia i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino ma o ke kahe o ke koko.

Hoʻomaopopo wale ʻia ka maʻi puʻu i nā kānaka ʻaʻole i nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. Aia kekahi ʻano laha i ʻike ʻia o ka maʻi ʻula, ʻoiai ʻo 6 wale nō e holo nei i kēia manawa.

Hōʻea ka maʻi ʻula?

Hiki ke pālahalaha ʻia nā ana kaukani ma o ka lewa mai nā hāhā hanu a me nā ʻāpana aerosol liʻiliʻi. Hiki i kahi mea maʻi ke hoʻokuʻu i ka maʻi i loko o ka lewa ke iho lākou a mimiki paha.

Hiki i kēia mau ʻāpana hanu ke kau i nā mea a me nā papa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke lilo i maʻi inā pili ʻoe i kahi mea i hoʻohaumia ʻia, e like me ka ʻau o ka puka, a laila e hoʻopā i kou alo, ihu, a waha paha.

Hiki i ka maʻi wīwī measles ke noho ma waho o ke kino no ka lōʻihi ma mua o kou manaʻo. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki ke hoʻomau i ka maʻi i ka lewa a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana a hiki i.

He maʻi lele anei ka maʻi ʻula?

He maʻi lele loa nā nīla. ʻO ke kumu o kēia hiki ke laha maʻalahi ka maʻi mai kekahi kanaka a kanaka.

ʻO kahi mea maʻalahi i hōʻike ʻia i ka maʻi maʻi ʻula he 90 pākēneka kona manawa e lilo ai i maʻi. Hoʻohui ʻia, hiki i kahi mea maʻi ke hele e hoʻolaha i ka maʻi ma nā wahi āpau ma waena o 9 a me 18 mau kānaka maʻalahi.

Hiki i kekahi kanaka i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻalā ke hoʻolaha i ka maʻi i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka ʻike o ka loaʻa ʻana iā ia. He maʻi lele kekahi kanaka maʻi i ʻehā mau lā ma mua o ka puka ʻana o ke ʻano ʻino. Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia o ka hū, maʻi mau lākou no ʻehā mau lā.

ʻO ka mea nui e makaʻu ai i ka hopu ʻana i ka maʻi ʻula ʻaʻohe hoʻolaha ʻia. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka makaʻu o kekahi mau pūʻulu i ka hoʻomōhala ʻana i nā pilikia mai ka maʻi ʻeha, me nā keiki ʻōpio, nā kānaka me ka ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali, a me nā wahine hāpai.

Ke hōʻike nei i ka maʻi ʻula

Inā manaʻo ʻoe he maʻi ʻōpala ʻoe a i ʻole hōʻike ʻia i kekahi me ka maʻi ʻula, e leka koke i kāu kauka. Hiki iā lākou ke loiloi iā ʻoe a kuhikuhi iā ʻoe i kahi e ʻike ʻia ai e ʻike inā loaʻa ka maʻi iā ʻoe.

Hiki i nā kauka ke hōʻoia i ka maʻi ʻula ma ka nānā ʻana i kou ʻele a me ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻōuli i ʻano like ʻole o ka maʻi, e like me nā kiko keʻokeʻo ma ka waha, kuni, ʻū, a me ka ʻāʻī ʻeha.

Inā manaʻo lākou he maʻi ʻeha kāu e pili ana i kāu mōʻaukala a me kāu nānā ʻana, e kauoha ana kāu kauka i kahi hoʻokolohua koko e nānā ai no ka maʻi wīwī.

Lapaʻau no ka maʻi ʻula

ʻAʻohe mālama kūikawā no ka maʻi ʻula. ʻAʻole like me nā maʻi bacterial, pili ʻole nā ​​maʻi viral i nā antibiotic. ʻO ka maʻi virus a me nā ʻōuli e nalo pinepine ma kahi o ʻelua a ʻekolu paha pule.

Loaʻa kekahi mau kōkua no ka poʻe i ʻike ʻia i ka maʻi maʻi. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke pale aku i kahi maʻi a hoʻoliʻiliʻi paha i kona koʻikoʻi. Pākuʻi ʻia lākou:

• he lāʻau koʻokoʻo no ka maʻi ʻula, hāʻawi ʻia i loko o 72 mau hola o ka hōʻike ʻana
• kahi mahele lāʻau o nā proteins immune i kapa ʻia immunoglobulin, lawe ʻia i loko o ʻeono mau lā o ka hōʻike ʻana

E ʻōlelo paha kāu kauka i kēia mau mea e kōkua iā ʻoe e ola hou:

• acetaminophen (Tylenol) a i ʻole ibuprofen (Advil) e hōʻemi i ke kuni
• hoʻomaha e kōkua i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i kāu ʻōnaehana pale maʻi
• nui o nā wai
• he humuhū e hoʻomāmā ai i ka puʻu a ʻeha ka ʻāʻī
• wikamina A kumukanawai

Nā kiʻi

Nā ana i nā mākua

ʻOiai pili pinepine ʻia me ka maʻi ʻōpio, hiki i nā mākua ke loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻula pū kekahi. ʻO ka poʻe kīnā ʻole i ka lāʻau lapaʻau aia ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka hopu ʻana i ka maʻi.

ʻAe ʻae ʻia i nā mākua i hānau ʻia ma mua a ma mua paha o 1957 pale kūlohelohe i ka maʻi ʻula. ʻO kēia no ka mea ua laikini ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka makahiki 1963. Ma mua o ia manawa, ua hōʻike kūlohelohe ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i ka maʻi e ko lākou mau makahiki ʻōpio a lilo i pale ma ke ʻano he hopena.

Wahi a ka, ʻo nā pilikia koʻikoʻi ʻaʻole maʻa mau i nā keiki ʻōpio wale nō, akā i ka poʻe mākua i ʻoi aku i ka makahiki 20. Hiki i kēia mau pilikia ke hoʻopili i nā mea e like me ka pulumonia, ka encephalitis, a me nā makapō.

Inā he mākua ʻoe i hana ʻole i ka lāʻau ʻaʻa a ʻaʻole maopopo i ko lākou kūlana vaccine, pono ʻoe e ʻike i kāu kauka e loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Ma ka liʻiliʻi e koi ʻia ana ka mahele lāʻau o ka lāʻau āpau no nā mākua unvaccinated.

ʻLeskala i nā pēpē

Hāʻawi ʻole ʻia ka lāʻau koʻokoʻo o ka maʻi ʻula no nā keiki a hiki i ka liʻiliʻi o 12 mau makahiki. Ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o kā lākou lāʻai mua o ka lāʻau āpau ʻo ia ka manawa a lākou e maʻalahi loa ai i ka maʻi i ka maʻi maʻi ʻula.

Loaʻa nā pale i nā pēpē mai ka maʻi ʻula ma o ka palekana o ka passive, i hāʻawi ʻia mai ka makuahine a ke keiki ma o ka placenta a i ka wā o ka hānai ʻana.

Eia nō naʻe, ua hōʻike ʻia hiki ke nalowale kēia palekana ma kahi o 2.5 mau mahina ma hope o ka hānau ʻana a i ʻole ka manawa e hoʻopau ai ka hānai ʻana.

ʻO nā keiki ma lalo o 5 mau makahiki e loaʻa paha nā pilikia ma muli o ka maʻi ʻula. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻopili i nā mea e like me ka pulumonia, encephalitis, a me nā maʻi pepeiao i hiki ke hopena i ka nalowale ʻana o ka lohe.

ʻO ka wā hoʻoulu no ka maʻi ʻula

ʻO ka manawa incubation o kahi maʻi lele ka manawa e hala ma waena o ka hōʻike ʻana a ke ulu nā ʻōuli. ʻO ka manawa incubation no ka maʻi ʻula ma waena o 10 a 14 mau lā.

Ma hope o ka manawa incubation mua, hoʻomaka paha ʻoe e ʻike i nā hōʻailona nonspecific, e like me ke kuni, kahe, a me ka ihu ihu. E hoʻomaka ana ka hū e hoʻomohala i kekahi mau lā ma hope.

He mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolaha mau i ka maʻi i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe no ʻehā mau lā ma mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hū. Inā manaʻo ʻoe ua hōʻike ʻia ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻula a ʻaʻole i huikau ʻia, pono ʻoe e hoʻokaʻaʻike koke aku i kāu kauka.

ʻAno Mīkini

Ma waho aʻe o kahi maʻi maʻi ʻula, aia kekahi mau ʻano ʻino ʻē aʻe i loaʻa iā ʻoe.

Hana ʻia ka maʻi ʻehā atypical i ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi ʻula ma waena o 1963 a me 1967. Ke hōʻike ʻia i ka maʻi ʻula, hele mai kēia mau kānaka me kahi maʻi i loaʻa nā ʻōuli e like me ke kuni kiʻekiʻe, ka ʻūlū, a me kekahi manawa ka ponia.

Hana ʻia ka maʻi ʻula i nā poʻe i hāʻawi ʻia i immunoglobulin ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana a me nā pēpē i loaʻa i kekahi o nā pale passive. ʻOi aku ka maʻaleʻale o ka maʻi ʻula i hoʻololi ʻia ma mua o ka manawa maʻamau o ka maʻi ʻula.

ʻAʻole hōʻike iki ʻia ka maʻi hemorrhagic i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Kuhi ia i nā ʻōuli e like me ke kuni kiʻekiʻe, ka hopu ʻana, a me ke kahe ʻana i ka ʻili a me nā membrane mucus.

Nā paukū vs. rubella

Ua lohe paha ʻoe i ka ʻōlelo rubella i kapa ʻia ʻo “ʻāpala German.” Akā ʻo ka maʻi ʻula a me ka rubella ka mea i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā maʻi ʻokoʻa ʻelua.

ʻAʻole maʻi ʻo Rubella e like me ka maʻi ʻula. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke kumu i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi inā ulu ka wahine i ka maʻi i ka wā e hāpai ana.

ʻOiai nā virus ʻokoʻa e kumu i ka maʻi ʻula a me ka rubella, like pū lākou i nā ʻano like ʻole. Nā mea hoʻomaʻi ʻelua:

• hiki ke pālahalaha ʻia ma o ka ea mai ka puʻe ʻana a me ka ʻū ʻana
• hana i ke kuni a me ka ʻehu ʻokoʻa
• aia wale i loko o nā kānaka

Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻelua a me nā rubela i loko o nā lāʻau koʻokoʻo measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) a me measles-mumps-rubella-varellaella (MMRV).

Kāohi pale

Aia kekahi mau ala e pale aku ai i ka maʻi ʻana me ka maʻi ʻula.

Hoʻomaha lāʻau

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ka ala maikaʻi loa e pale aku ai i ka maʻi ʻula. Maikaʻi nā lāʻau ʻelua o ka lāʻau koʻokoʻo no ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi kōpela.

Loaʻa nā lāʻau āpau - ka lāʻau MMR a me ka lāʻau MMRV. ʻO ka lāʻau vaccine MMR kahi lāʻau lapaʻau ʻekolu-i-hoʻokahi i hiki ke pale iā ʻoe mai ka maʻi ʻula, nā puʻupuʻu, a me ka rubella. Pale aku ka lāʻau MMRV i nā maʻi like ʻole me ka lāʻau MMR a hoʻopili pū ʻia me ka pale ʻana i ka moa.

Hiki i nā keiki ke loaʻa kā lākou lāʻau lapaʻau mua ma 12 mau mahina, a i ʻole ma mua hoʻi inā e holo huakaʻi ana i ka honua, a me kā lākou mahele lāʻau ʻelua ma waena o nā makahiki o 4 a me 6. Hiki i nā mākua i loaʻa ʻole ka pale ʻana ke noi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau mai kā lākou kauka.

ʻAʻole pono i kekahi mau hui ke loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūʻē i ka maʻi ʻula. Aia kēia mau hui:

• nā poʻe i loaʻa ka hopena hoʻoweliweli i ke ola i ka lāʻau koʻokoʻo o ka maʻi ʻula a me nā mea e pili ana iā ia
• wahine hāpai
• nā kānaka immunocompromised, i hiki ke komo pū me ka poʻe me ka HIV a me ka maʻi AIDS, ka poʻe e mālama ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai, a i ʻole ka poʻe i nā lāʻau e kāohi i ka ʻōnaehana pale.

Maʻalahi nā hopena o ka hopena i ka pale ʻana a nalo i kekahi mau lā. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopili i nā mea e like me ke kuni a me ka ʻehu māmā. I nā hihia maʻamau, ua hoʻopili ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka helu platelet haʻahaʻa a i ʻole ka hopu ʻana. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā keiki a me nā mākua e loaʻa i ka lāʻau koʻokoʻo no ka maʻi ʻula no ka ʻike ʻole i nā hopena.

Manaʻo kekahi he hiki i ka lāʻau koʻokoʻo no ka maʻi ʻula ka maʻi autism i nā keiki. ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻolaʻa ʻia kahi nui o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i kēia kumuhana i nā makahiki he nui. Ua loaʻa i kēia noiʻi aia ma waena o nā lāʻau āpau a me ka autism.

ʻAʻole nui ka wī no ka pale ʻana iā ʻoe a me kou ʻohana. He mea nui nō hoʻi ia no ka pale ʻana i ka poʻe hiki ʻole ke hoʻōla ʻia. Ke hoʻonui ʻia nā kānaka āpau e kūʻē i kahi maʻi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻopuni ʻana i waena o ka lehulehu. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻo ka palekana palekana.

I mea e loaʻa ai ka palekana o nā pua ma mua o ka maʻi ʻula, kahi o ka heluna kānaka e pono e wānana ʻia.

Nā hana pale ʻē aʻe

ʻAʻole hiki i nā kānaka āpau ke loaʻa ka lāʻau āpau no ka maʻi ʻula. Akā aia kekahi mau ala ʻē aʻe hiki iā ʻoe ke kōkua e pale i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka maʻi ʻula.

Inā maʻalahi ʻoe i ka maʻi:

• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe lima maikaʻi. E holoi i kou mau lima ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana, ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lua, a ma mua o ka pā ʻana i kou alo, waha, a me ka ihu.
• Mai hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea pilikino me ka poʻe maʻi paha. Hiki i kēia ke komo i nā mea e like me ka ʻai ʻana i nā mea hana, nā aniani inu, a me nā palaki niho.
• Hōʻalo i ka launa ʻana me ka poʻe maʻi

Inā maʻi ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻula:

• Noho i ka home mai ka hana a i ʻole ke kula a me nā wahi lehulehu ʻē aʻe a hiki i kou wā maʻi ʻole. ʻEhā mau lā kēia ma hope o kou hoʻomohala mua ʻana i ka maʻi ʻehā.
• Hōʻalo i ka launa pū ʻana me ka poʻe i hiki ke maʻalahi i ka maʻi, e like me nā kamaliʻi liʻiliʻi loa e hoʻōla ʻia a me ka poʻe immunocompromised.
• Uhi i kou ihu a me kou waha inā pono ʻoe e hu a mauʻu paha. E hoʻolei koke i nā pūnaewele āpau i hoʻohana ʻia. Inā ʻaʻohe ou kiko i loaʻa, e hāliu i ke crook o kou kuʻe lima, ʻaʻole i kou lima.
• E holoi pinepine i kou mau lima a disinfect i nā papa a i ʻole nā ​​mea āu e hoʻopā pinepine ai.

Nā ana i ka wā hāpai

ʻO nā wahine hāpai ʻole i ka pale o ka maʻi ʻula e pono e mālama pono e hōʻalo i ka wā o ko lākou hāpai ʻana. Ke iho nei me ka maʻi ʻula i kou wā hāpai hiki ke loaʻa i nā hopena olakino maikaʻi ʻole ma ka makuahine a me ka fetus.

Hoʻonui ka makaʻu o nā wahine hāpai i nā pilikia mai ka maʻi ʻula e like me ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻohui ʻia, loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻula ʻoiai ʻo ka hāpai e hiki ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia o ka hāpai ʻana:

• hāʻule hāʻule
• hana mua
• kaumaha hānau haʻahaʻa
• hānau hānau hou

Hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia nā maʻi ʻula mai ka makuahine a ke keiki inā loaʻa ka maʻi ʻula i ka makuahine kokoke i kāna lā hānau. Kapa ʻia kēia ka maʻi ʻaʻai congenital. Loaʻa i nā pēpē me ka maʻi ʻōpala ma hope o ka hānau ʻana a hoʻomōhala ʻana paha ma hope koke iho. Ke piʻi nei lākou i ka nui o ka pilikia o nā pilikia, hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.

Inā hāpai ʻoe, mai pale i ka maʻi ʻula, a manaʻoʻiʻo ua wehe ʻia ʻoe, pono e hoʻokaʻaʻike koke i kāu kauka. Loaʻa i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi injection o immunoglobulin i mea e pale ai i ka maʻi.

Wānana aniani

He haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ka make o ka maʻi Camples i nā keiki olakino a me nā mākua, a ʻo ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i ʻaelike i ka maʻi wīwī. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pilikia o nā pilikia i nā pūʻulu aʻe.

• nā keiki ma lalo o 5 mau makahiki
• makua ma luna o 20 mau makahiki
• wahine hāpai
• poʻe me ka ʻōnaehana pale nawaliwali
• nā kānaka nele i ka meaʻai
• ka poʻe me ka lawa ʻole ka wikamina A

Ma kahi o ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻula e loaʻa i hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha nā pilikia. Hiki i nā aniani ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia hoʻoweliweli i ke ola, e like me ka niumonia a me ka mumū o ka lolo (encephalitis).

ʻO nā pilikia ʻē aʻe e pili pū ana me ka maʻi ʻula.

• maʻi maʻi pepeiao
• bronchitis
• croup
• ʻōpū nui loa
• makapō
• pōpilikia hāpai keiki, e like me ka hāpai ʻana a i ʻole ka hana mua
• subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE), kahi kūlana degenerative laha ʻole o ka ʻōnaehana hopohopo e hoʻomohala i nā makahiki ma hope o ka maʻi.

ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻula he nui ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa. Ma hope o kou loaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi, pale ʻole ʻoe i ke ola.

Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke pale ʻia ka maʻi ʻula a me nā pilikia kūpono hiki ke pale ʻia ma o ka lāʻau ʻana. ʻAʻole pale wale ka lāʻau lapaʻau iā ʻoe a me kou ʻohana, akā pale pū kekahi i ka maʻi wīwī mai ka holo ʻana i kou kaiāulu a pili i ka poʻe hiki ʻole ke kano lāʻau ʻia.