Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka berena?

Anter

• He aha ke ola o ka berena?
• Ke ʻano o ka berena a me nā mea hana i hoʻohana ʻia
• Hana mālama
• Pehea e haʻi ai inā ua hele hewa ka palaoa
• Pilikia o ka ʻai ʻana i ka berena pau ʻole
• Nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka pale ʻana i ka ʻōpala berena
• Ke laina lalo

ʻO ka palaoa kekahi o nā meaʻai e makemake nui ʻia a puni ka honua.

Hana maʻamau ʻia mai ka palaoa (a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano hua ʻē aʻe), hū, a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe, noho mau ka berena no kahi manawa pōkole wale nō ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana e hele maikaʻi ʻole.

Hiki paha ke ulu i ka pala a lilo i palekana ʻole e ʻai, no laila he mea kōkua ke ʻike pehea e mālama ai i ka mea hou no ka mea hiki ke hiki.

Hōʻike kēia ʻatikala i ka lōʻihi o ka berena e mau ai, pehea e haʻi ai inā palekana ke ʻai, a pehea e hoʻonui ai i kona ola papa.

He aha ke ola o ka berena?

Hoʻoikaika nā kumu he nui i ke ola o ka berena, ʻo ia ka lōʻihi o ka manawa ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana e hele i kahi maikaʻi ʻole.

ʻO ka papa o ka berena i mālama ʻia ma ke ana wela o ka lumi mai 3-7 mau lā akā hiki ke loli ma muli o nā mea hoʻohui, ʻano berena, a me ke ʻano mālama.

Ke ʻano o ka berena a me nā mea hana i hoʻohana ʻia

Loaʻa i ka sanwich, berena, a i ʻole nā ​​berena palaoa ma ka hale kūʻai i nā mea mālama i mea e pale ai i ka pala a hoʻonui i ka nohona. Me ka ʻole o nā preservatives, hala ka ʻai i nā lā he 3-4 ma ke ana wela o ka lumi ().

ʻO kekahi mau mālama mālama berena e pili pū ana me ka calcium propionate, sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, a me sorbic acid. ʻO ka bacteria bacteria lakika kahi ʻokoʻa e hana kūlohelohe i nā anti-mold acid (,,).

ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka palaoa Gluten-free i ka punahelu ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka momona o ka wai a me ka hoʻohana palena ʻia o nā mea mālama. ʻO kēia ke kumu e kūʻai pinepine ʻia ai i ka hau ma kahi o ke ana wela o ka lumi ().

Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, nā huahana berena maloʻo, e like me ka palaoa a i ʻole nā ​​pahūpahū, e palekana i ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi no ka ulu ʻana o ka mū.

ʻO ka palaoa Refrigerated no nā biscuits a me nā ʻōwili e ʻinoʻino hoʻi no ka mea aia nā aila i hele a wīwī.

ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā berena homemade ʻaʻohe mea mālama a hoʻohana paha i nā mea make e like me nā hua manu a me ka waiū. Pēlā nō hoʻi e pale ai i kekahi poʻe bakery - ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ka papa inoa mea hoʻohui a noi paha i ka mea kahu palaoa inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e maopopo.

Hana mālama

ʻO ka papa o ka berena e pili pū me ke ʻano mālama.

E ʻinoʻino paha ka palaoa ke mālama ʻia i nā wahi mehana, a me ka wai. I mea e pale aku ai i ka popopo, pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka mahana a me ke anuanu.

ʻO ka berena mahana wela mau ka lōʻihi o 3-4 mau lā inā he homemade a i ʻole 7 mau lā inā kūʻai ʻia ka hale kūʻai.

Hiki i ka Refrigeration ke hoʻonui i ke ola papa o ka berena pāʻoihana a me ka homemade e 3-5 mau lā. Inā koho ʻoe i kēia ala, e hoʻopaʻa pono i kāu berena e pale pono i ka maloʻo ʻana a ʻaʻohe mea e ʻike ʻia o ka wai i loko o ka wahī.

Hiki i ka palaoa paʻahau a i 6 mau mahina. ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki i ka hau ke pepehi i nā mea weliweli āpau, e hōʻoki ia iā lākou mai ka ulu ʻana ().

ʻO ke ola o ka berena e pili nui i kāna mau mea hana a me ke ʻano mālama. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonui i ke ola ma ka hoʻomaʻalili ʻana a i ʻole ka hau ʻana.

Pehea e haʻi ai inā ua hele hewa ka palaoa

ʻOiai ʻo ka nui o nā meaʻai pūʻolo i kahi lā palena pau, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā berena i kahi lā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, kahi e hōʻike ana i ka lōʻihi o ka noho mau o kāu berena.

Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole koi ʻia nā lā ʻoi loa a mai hōʻike i ka palekana. ʻO kēia ka palekana o ka palaoa i ka ʻai ʻana ma hope o ka lā maikaʻi loa (6).

I mea e ʻike ai inā he hou a pala paha kāu berena, pono ʻoe e nānā iā ʻoe iho.

ʻO kekahi mau hōʻailona ʻaʻole hou ka berena me:

• Punahelu. ʻO ka pala ka mea e hānai i nā meaʻai i ka berena a ulu i nā spores, e hana ana i nā kiko fuzzy he ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻeleʻele, keʻokeʻo, a ʻulaʻula paha. Paipai ka US Department of Agriculture (USDA) i ka hoʻolei ʻana i ka berena āpau inā ʻike ʻoe i ka pala (, 7).
• ʻAla ʻoluʻolu ʻole. Inā loaʻa ka palaoa i ka palaoa i ʻike maka ʻia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻaʻole e ʻaʻala iā ia inā pilikia nā spores i ka hanu ʻana. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i ka palaʻala akā e nānā i kahi ʻala ʻē, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻolei ʻana i ka palaoa (7,,).
• ʻOno ʻē. Inā ʻono ʻole ka palaoa, ʻoi aku ka palekana o ka hoʻolei ʻana.
• ʻAno paʻakikī. ʻO ka palaoa i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia a mālama pono ʻia e lilo i stale a i ʻole maloʻo. ʻOiai ʻaʻole he moʻo, hiki ke ʻai mau i ka palaoa stale - akā ʻaʻole paha ʻono e like me ka berena hou.

He lā maikaʻi loa kā ka palaoa ma kahi o ka lā palena pau, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e nānā iā ʻoe iho e hoʻoholo inā palekana ka ʻai ʻana. E hoʻolei i ka berena inā pala, ʻaʻohe ʻono a ʻaʻala paha.

Pilikia o ka ʻai ʻana i ka berena pau ʻole

ʻOiai paha e palekana kahi ʻano o ka mould i ka ʻai, ʻaʻole hiki ke haʻi ʻia ka fungus i ke kumu o kāu palaoa. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻaʻole e ʻai i ka palaoa momona, no ka mea hiki ke hōʻeha i kou olakino (7).

ʻO nā popo berena maʻamau Rhizopus, Penikila, Aspergillus, Mea hoʻomomona, a ʻO Fusarium (7).

Hoʻokumu kekahi mau moʻo i mycotoxins, he lāʻau ʻino ia hiki ke weliweli ke ʻai a inhale paha. Hoʻolahalaha paha nā Mycotoxins ma o ka berena holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ia ke kumu e hoʻolei ai ʻoe i ka berena āpau inā ʻike ʻoe i ka pala (7).

Hiki i nā Mycotoxins ke hoʻonāukiuki i kou ʻōpū a hoʻopilikia i nā pilikia o ka digestive. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohaunaele i kou bacteria bacteria, i hiki ai ke alakaʻi i kahi ʻōnaehana nāwaliwali a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka maʻi (,,).

ʻO ka mea hou aku, ʻo kekahi mau mycotoxins, e like me ka aflatoxin, hiki ke hoʻonui i kou makaʻi i kekahi mau maʻi maʻi maʻi inā ʻoe e ʻai i kahi nui (,).

Hiki paha i ka palaoa mouldy ke hoʻohua i nā mycotoxins, nā mea ʻino ʻike maka ʻole ʻia e ʻai ʻole. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻolei i ka berena āpau inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi puna.

Nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka pale ʻana i ka ʻōpala berena

Inā makemake ʻoe e hōʻemi i ka ʻōpala o ka meaʻai, noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe pehea e pale ai i ka hoʻolei ʻana i ka berena kahiko.

ʻAʻole koi ʻia ka ʻoki ʻana i ka puna, no ka mea ua pālahalaha ʻia i ka berena holoʻokoʻa (7).

Ma kahi o, eia kekahi mau manaʻo e kōkua ai i ka pale ʻana i ka ʻōpala berena ma mua o ka palaoa o kāu palaoa.

• Hana i nā crouton homemade, pahūpahū, puding berena, a i ʻole nā ​​palaoa i mea e hoʻohana ai i ka berena ma mua o ka lā maikaʻi loa.
• E sila pono a mālama pono i nā berena i koe i loko o kāu pahu hau.
• Inā ʻike ʻoe i ka waiū i loko o kāu pahu berena, hoʻohana i kahi kāwele maʻemaʻe e hoʻomaloʻo ai ma mua o ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka ʻeke. E kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana i ka pala.
• E kali a uhi a sila hoʻi i ka palaoa hou i hoʻomoʻa ʻia a hiki i ka anuanu loa. Pale kēia i ka pulu mai ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana a me ka hāpai ʻana i ka punahelu.
• Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe makemake e hoʻopaʻa i kāu berena, e helu i ka nui āu e ʻai ai i hoʻokahi pule a kūʻai wale i kēlā nui. ʻO kēia ala, ʻaʻole āu e hoʻolei aku.

I mea e pale ʻole ai i ka ʻōpala palaoa, e hoʻohana i ka palaoa kahiko e hana i nā palaoa a i ʻole nā ​​ʻūlū berena. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonui i ke ola papa ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka berena a mālama ʻana i kahi maloʻo a paʻa maikaʻi ʻia.

Ke laina lalo

He ola pōkole kā ka berena, he 3 mau lā wale nō ka lōʻihi ma ke ana wela o ka lumi.

ʻO ke sila pono ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pahu hau a i ʻole ka pahu hau i ka wā e pono ai, hiki ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka pala a hoʻonui i ke ola papa.

Inā ʻike ʻoe i ka pala, pono ʻoe e hoʻolei i ka berena āpau, no ka mea hiki i ka pala ke hana i nā mycotoxins weliweli.

I mea e pale aku ai i ka ʻōpala o ka meaʻai, e hoʻāʻo i nā ala hana e hoʻohana ai i kāu mau berena kahiko - e like me ka hana ʻana i ka puding berena a i ʻole nā ​​crouton homemade - ma mua o ka lā maikaʻi loa.