ʻO Real Glit Sensitivity? ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi

Anter

• He aha ka gluten?
• Nā maʻi pili i ka Gluten
• He aha ka ʻike gluten?
• He misnomer paha ka ʻike Gluten
• Ke laina lalo

Wahi a kahi loiloi 2013, hoʻāʻo ka hapakolu o ko ʻAmelika e pale i ka gluten.

Akā ʻo ka maʻi celiac, ke ʻano ʻoi loa o ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana o ka gluten, e hoʻopili wale ana iā 0.7-1% o nā kānaka ().

ʻO kekahi kūlana i kapa ʻia ka ʻike non-celiac gluten ʻike pinepine ʻia i ke kaiāulu olakino akā hoʻopaʻapaʻa nui i waena o nā poʻe ʻoihana olakino ().

E nānā kikoʻī kēia ʻatikala i ka ʻike gluten e hoʻoholo ai inā ʻoe e hopohopo e pili ana.

He aha ka gluten?

ʻO Gluten kahi ʻohana o nā protein i ka palaoa, spelling, rai, a me ka bale. ʻO nā hua ʻai gluten, ʻo ka palaoa ka mea i hoʻopau mau ʻia.

ʻO nā protein nui ʻelua i ka gluten ʻo gliadin a me glutenin. Ke kāwili ʻia ka palaoa me ka wai, hoʻopaʻa paʻa kēia mau protein i loko o kahi pūnaewele paʻa e like me ka glue e like ai (3,,).

ʻO ka inoa gluten mai kēia mau waiwai like me ka glue.

Hana ʻo Gluten i ka palaoa a hiki i ka palaoa ke piʻi aʻe ke wela ʻia e ka hei ʻana i nā moleola i loko. Hāʻawi pū kekahi i kahi ʻano leʻaleʻa, chewy.

ʻO Gluten ka protein nui i loko o nā hua, me ka palaoa. Loaʻa iā ia kekahi mau waiwai e makemake nui ʻia ia no ka hana ʻana i ka palaoa.

Nā maʻi pili i ka Gluten

Pili kekahi mau olakino i ka palaoa a me ka gluten ().

ʻO ka mea ʻike nui ʻia o kēia ka gluten intolerance, nona ka maʻi ʻoi loa ka maʻi celiac ().

I ka poʻe me ka hoʻomanawanui ʻole o ka gluten, manaʻo kuhi hewa ka ʻōnaehana pale pale i nā protein gluten he mau mea komohewa haole a hoʻouka iā lākou.

Hoʻopili pū ka ʻōnaehana pale ʻole i nā hanana kūlohelohe i ka paia o ka ʻōpū, kahi e hiki ai ke hōʻeha nui. ʻO ka hōʻeha kino o ke kino iā ia iho ke kumu e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai ka gluten intolerance a me ka maʻi celiac ma ke ʻano he maʻi autoimmune ().

Kuhi ʻia ka maʻi Celiac a hiki i 1% o ko U.S. heluna kanaka. Me he mea lā ke piʻi nei, a ʻo ka hapa nui o ka poʻe me kēia ʻano ʻike ʻole ua loaʻa iā lākou (,,).

Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa ka ʻike gluten non-celiac ma mua o ka maʻi celiac a me ka hoʻomanawanui gluten (12).

ʻOiai ʻaʻole ia e hana i ke ala like, like pinepine kāna mau ʻōuli (13).

ʻO kekahi ʻano i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka allergy o ka palaoa he ʻano laha ʻole a loli paha ma lalo o 1% o ka poʻe ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa (14).

Ua hoʻopili ʻia nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka gluten i nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe, e laʻa me ka gluten ataxia (kahi ʻano o ke cerebellar ataxia), ka thyroiditis o Hashimoto, ka maʻi ʻaʻano 1, autism, schizophrenia, a me ke kaumaha (15,,,,,).

ʻAʻole ʻo Gluten ke kumu nui o kēia mau maʻi, akā hiki paha ke hana i nā hōʻailona maikaʻi ʻole no ka poʻe i loaʻa iā lākou. I nā manawa he nui, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi papaʻai gluten-ʻole e kōkua, akā pono ka noiʻi hou aku.

ʻO nā kūlana olakino e pili ana i ka palaoa a me ka gluten. ʻO nā mea maʻamau ka alia huapalaoa, ka maʻi celiac, a me ka non-celiac gluten ʻike.

He aha ka ʻike gluten?

I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua loaʻa ka noʻonoʻo nui i ka gluten mai nā ʻepekema a me ka lehulehu ().

E waiho maʻalahi, ʻike ka poʻe me ka ʻike gluten i nā ʻōuli ma hope o ke komo ʻana i nā hua ʻai i loko o ka gluten a pane maikaʻi i ka papaʻai gluten-ʻole - akā ʻaʻohe o ka maʻi celiac a me ka allergy palaoa.

ʻO ka poʻe me ka ʻike gluten maʻamau ʻaʻohe mea i hōʻino ʻia i ka pale o ka ʻōpū, kahi hiʻohiʻona nui o ka maʻi celiac (12).

Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole maopopo i ka ʻepekema pehea e hana ai ka ʻike gluten.

Hōʻike ka ulu ulu i ka komo ʻana o FODMAPs, kahi mahele o nā ʻāpala a me nā fiber e hiki ai ke hōʻoluʻolu digestive i kekahi poʻe ().

Ma muli o ka hiki ʻole i kahi hoʻokolohua lab pono ke hoʻoholo i ka ʻike gluten, hana maʻamau ʻia kahi diagnostical e ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā hiki ʻē aʻe.

ʻO kēia kahi rubric diagnostic i manaʻo ʻia no ka ʻike gluten ():

1. ʻO kaʻai ʻana o Gluten ke kumu o nā ʻōuli koke, ka digestive a me ka digestive ʻole.
2. Nalo koke nā ʻōuli ma ka papaʻai gluten-ʻole.
3. Hoʻokumu hou ka gluten i nā ʻōuli e puka hou.
4. Ua kāpae ʻia ka maʻi Celiac a me nā maʻi ʻino palaoa.
5. Hōʻoia kahi pilikia gluten makapō i ka hōʻoia.

I hoʻokahi noiʻi i ka poʻe me ka ʻike gluten ponoʻī i hōʻike ʻia, 25% wale nō i hoʻokō i nā pae diagnostic ().

Ua hōʻike ka poʻe me ka ʻike gluten i nā ʻōuli he nui, e like me ka bloating, flatulence, diarrhea, ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ka pohō kaumaha, eczema, erythema, ʻeha poʻo, luhi, kaumaha, a me ka iwi a me ka ʻeha pū (25,).

E hoʻomanaʻo i ka ʻike gluten - a me ka maʻi celiac - loaʻa pinepine nā ʻano ʻano pohihihi i hiki ke paʻakikī e hoʻopili i ka digestion a i ka gluten, me nā pilikia o ka ʻili a me nā maʻi neurological (,).

ʻOiai e nele ana ka ʻikepili ma ka laha o ka ʻike gluten, hōʻike nā noiʻi e 0.5-6% o ka heluna honua e loaʻa i kēia ʻano ().

Wahi a kekahi mau noiʻi, ʻike pinepine ʻia ka gluten i nā mākua a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne (, 30).

Hoʻopili ka ʻike Gluten i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka gluten a i ʻole ka palaoa i ka poʻe ʻaʻohe o lākou maʻi celiac a i ʻole allergy palaoa. ʻAʻole loaʻa nā ʻikepili maikaʻi i ke ʻano o ka maʻamau.

He misnomer paha ka ʻike Gluten

Hōʻike kekahi mau noiʻi i ka hapa nui o ka poʻe e manaʻoʻiʻo nei ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka gluten i ka gluten.

Hoʻokahi o ka noi ʻana i kau ʻia he 37 poʻe me ka maʻi huhū huhū (IBS) a hōʻike pilikino ʻia ka gluten ma ka papaʻai low-FODMAP ma mua o ka hāʻawi ʻana iā lākou i ka gluten i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia - ma kahi o ka palaoa i loaʻa ka gluten e like me ka palaoa ().

ʻAʻohe hopena papaʻai gluten i ka poʻe komo ().

Ua hoʻoholo ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka manaʻo o ka gluten a kēia poʻe i manaʻo nui ʻia i FODMAPs.

ʻAʻole wale ka kiʻekiʻe o ka palaoa i kēia ʻano kikoʻī o ka carbs, akā ʻo nā FODMAP kekahi e hoʻonāukiuki i nā hōʻailona IBS (32,,).

Ua kākoʻo kekahi noiʻi ʻē aʻe i kēia mau mea i loaʻa. Ua hōʻike ʻia ʻaʻole i pane ka poʻe me ka gluten pilikino i ka gluten akā i nā fructans, kahi mahele o FODMAP i ka palaoa ().

ʻOiai ʻo FODMAP i kēia manawa ke manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ke kumu nui o ka gluten i hōʻike ʻia iā ia iho, ʻaʻole i hoʻokau loa ʻia ka gluten.

I hoʻokahi o nā noi ʻana, ʻo nā FODMAP ke kumu nui o nā ʻōuli i ka poʻe i manaʻo he gluten sensitive lākou. Eia nō naʻe, kuhi nā kānaka noiʻi ua kōkua ka hopena gluten-triggered immune i kēia ʻano ().

Eia nō naʻe, ʻōlelo ʻepekema he nui ka ʻike o ka palaoa a i ʻole ka intolerance Syndrome o ka palaoa ʻoi aku ka pololei o nā lepili ma mua o ka ʻike gluten (, 30).

ʻO ka mea hou aʻe, hōʻike kekahi mau noiʻi e ʻoi aku ka hoʻonāukiuki o nā palaoa o kēia mau lā ma mua o nā ʻano kahiko e like me ka einkorn a me ke kamut (,).

FODMAPs - ʻaʻole gluten - me he mea lā ke kumu nui o nā pilikia digestive i ka non-celiac gluten sensitive. Manaʻo kekahi ʻepekema he inoa kūpono loa ka palaoa no kēia ʻano.

Ke laina lalo

Maikaʻi ka Gluten a me ka palaoa no kekahi poʻe akā ʻaʻole no haʻi.

Inā hana maikaʻi ʻole ʻoe i ka hua palaoa a me ka gluten, hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻalo wale i kēia mau meaʻai. E makemake paha ʻoe e kūkākūkā i kāu mau hōʻailona me kahi kauka.

Inā hoʻoholo ʻoe e hōʻole i ka gluten, koho i nā meaʻai āpau i kū ʻole i ka gluten. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻokele i nā huahana gluten-ʻole pūʻolo, no ka mea, hana pinepine ʻia kēia mau mea.