Wela a me Anuanu: Ka palekana i ka mahana wela

Anter

• Nā mahana wela loa
• Nā ʻōuli
• Lapaʻau
• Kāohi
• Nā kumu weliweli
• Nā mahana anuanu nui
• Nā ʻōuli
• Lapaʻau
• Kāohi
• Nā kumu weliweli

Hōʻike Overview

Inā ʻoe e hoʻolālā e huakaʻi i waho, e mākaukau e hana i nā ʻano kau like ʻole. ʻO ke kumu paha kēia o nā lā ua nui a mau lā maloʻo loa, a mai nā lā o ke ao wela a i nā pō anuanu loa.

He mahana maʻamau ko ke kino o ke kanaka ma waena o 97˚F a me 99˚F, akā ma ka awelika, he 98.6˚F (37˚C) ka mahana o ke kino maʻamau. No ka mālama ʻana i kēia mehana me ke kōkua ʻole o ka hoʻomehana ʻana a i ʻole nā ​​mea hōʻoluʻolu, pono ka wahi a puni ma kahi o 82˚F (28˚C). ʻAʻole wale nā ​​lole no nā hiʻohiʻona - pono lākou e mahana. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopili pinepine i nā papa i nā mahina anuanu, a hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā pā a i ʻole nā ​​ea i nā mahina mehana e mālama ai i kahi mahana olakino olakino.

I kekahi mau hihia, ʻike paha ʻoe iā ʻoe iho i kahi kaiapuni me nā mahana wela loa. He mea nui e ʻike i nā hopohopo olakino āu e kū ai a me pehea e hōʻalo ai i nā pilikia olakino pili i ka mahana.

Nā mahana wela loa

ʻO ka mea mua, e hoʻomaopopo i ka heluhelu ʻana o ka mahana ma ka thermometer ʻaʻole pono ka mahana āu e hopohopo ai. Hiki i ke anuanu pili i kou kaiapuni ke hoʻopili i ka mahana āu i ʻike maoli ai, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka "mahana wela." ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona e laʻa me:

• Inā heluhelu ka mahana o ka lewa 85˚F (29˚C), akā aia ka ʻole o ka wela, e manaʻo maoli ka mahana me he 78˚F (26 ˚C).
• Inā heluhelu ka mahana o ka lewa i 85˚F (29˚C), me ka 80 pākēneka hanu, e like ia me 97˚F (36˚C).

Hiki ke weliweli i nā mahana o ke kaiapuni kiʻekiʻe i kou kino. I ke kikowaena o 90˚ a me 105˚F (32˚ a me 40˚C), hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ke kuʻi wela a me ka luhi. Ma waena o 105˚ a me 130˚F (40˚ a me 54˚C), ʻoi aku paha ka luhi o ka wela. E palena ʻoe i kāu mau hana ma kēia pae. ʻO kahi mahana o ke kaiapuni ma luna o 130˚F (54˚C) e alakaʻi pinepine ai i ka heatstroke.

ʻO nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka wela me:

• luhi wela
• heatstroke
• ʻūpē mākala
• pehu wela
• maule ana

Nā ʻōuli

ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi e pili ana i ka wela kaukaʻi ʻia i ka ʻano a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi.

ʻO kekahi mau hōʻailona maʻamau o ka luhi wela me:

• sweating kaumaha
• luhi a luhi paha
• dizziness a i ʻole ʻālohilohi
• ʻeleʻele a i ʻole ʻoliʻoli ke kū ʻana i luna
• nāwaliwali akā wikiwiki ka lāʻau
• manaʻo o ka nausea
• ka luaʻi

ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka heatstroke me:

• ʻili ʻulaʻula e wela i ka pā
• lāʻau ikaika a me ka wikiwiki
• nalowale ʻana o ka ʻike
• ka mahana o ke kino ma loko o 103˚F (39˚C)

Lapaʻau

Inā lilo ka ʻike i kekahi a hōʻike i hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o nā ʻōuli o ka luhi wela a i ʻole ka pā wela, e kāhea koke iā 911.

No ka mālama ʻana i ka luhi o ka wela, hoʻāʻo e mālama iā ʻoe iho me ke anuanu, nā lole ʻūpuni a puni kou kino a lawe mālie i nā wahi wai ʻuʻuku a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā ʻōuli e mae. E hoʻāʻo e puka i waho o ka wela. E ʻimi i kahi me ke ea ʻana a i ʻole kahi mahana haʻahaʻa (ʻoi loa i waho o ka lā pololei). E hoʻomaha ma kahi moe a wahi moe paha.

E mālama i ka heatstroke, e uhi iā ʻoe iho me nā anu, nā lole ʻūpū a i ʻole ka ʻauʻau anuanu e normalize ai ka mahana o kou kino. E hele koke i waho o ka wela i kahi me kahi mahana haʻahaʻa. Mai inu i kekahi mea a hiki i kou (a i ʻole ke kanaka e ʻike nei i ka heatstroke) ke loaʻa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Kāohi

Noho maikaʻi i mea e pale pono ai i nā maʻi e pili ana i ka wela. E inu i ka wai i lawa i mālamalama a maʻemaʻe paha kou mimi. Mai hilinaʻi wale i ka make wai ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi i ka nui o ka wai āu e inu ai. Ke lilo ʻoe i ka wai he nui a i ʻole ka hou nui, e ʻike pono e hoʻololi pū kekahi i nā electrolytes.

E ʻaʻahu i nā kapa kūpono i kou kaiapuni. ʻO nā lole mānoanoa a i ʻole mehana hoʻi hiki iā ʻoe ke lilo i wela nui. Ināʻikeʻoe iāʻoe iho e wela ana, wehe i kou kapa a wehe paha i nā lole keu a hiki i kou manawa e anuanu ai. E ʻaʻe i ka pale lā ke hiki ke pale aku i ka lā, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī i kou kino e hoʻopau i ka nui o ka wela.

E hoʻāʻo e pale i nā wahi i hiki ke wela loa, e like me loko o nā kaʻa. Mai haʻalele i kekahi kanaka, keiki a holoholona ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai no nā manawa pōkole.

Nā kumu weliweli

ʻO nā kumu pilikia maʻamau e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke maʻalahi i ka maʻi e pili ana i ka wela me:

• ma mua o 4 a ʻoi paha ma mua o 65
• loli i ke aniau abrupt mai ke anu i ka wela
• ke kaumaha a momona paha
• lawe i nā lāʻau e like me diuretics a me antihistamines
• e hoʻohana ana i nā lāʻau i pāpā ʻia e like me ka cocaine
• ke kū ʻana i kahi papa kuhikuhi wela wela (ana i nā wela a me nā wai ʻelua)

Nā mahana anuanu nui

E like me nā kiʻekiʻe wela, mai hilinaʻi wale ma ka thermometer heluhelu ʻana o ka ea kaiapuni no ke ana ʻana i nā mahana anuanu. Hiki i ka wikiwiki o ka makani a me ka momona o ke kino o waho ke hoʻonā i kahi anuanu e hoʻololi nui i ka helu o ke anuanu o kou kino a pehea kou manaʻo. I ke anuanu anuanu, keu hoʻi me kahi mea anu anuanu o ka makani, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike wikiwiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hypothermia. ʻO ka hāʻule ʻana i loko o ka wai anuanu hiki ke hopena i ka hypothermia immersion.

ʻO kekahi mau maʻi pili i ke anu:

• hypothermia
• hau
• wāwae auwaha (a i ʻole "immersion wāwae")
• kamalei
• Ka hanana o Raynaud
• hives hoʻoulu anu

Ma waho o kēia mau maʻi, hiki i ka wā hoʻoilo ke kumu i nā pilikia nui no ka poʻe huakaʻi. E mākaukau mau e hana me ka hau kaumaha a me ke anuanu nui, inā ʻoe ma ke ala a i ʻole ma ka home.

Nā ʻōuli

Ke hāʻule mua kou kino ma lalo o 98.6˚F (37˚C), ʻike paha ʻoe:

• haʻalulu
• hoʻonui i ka helu o ka puʻuwai
• he hōʻemi iki i ka hoʻohui ʻana
• he mahuahua koi e mimi

Aia ka mahana o kou kino ma waena o 91.4˚ a me 85.2˚F (33˚ a me 30˚C),

• hoʻēmi a oki paha i ka haʻalulu
• hāʻule i loko o kahi kūho
• hiamoe
• hiki ʻole ke hele wāwae
• ʻike i ka hoʻololi wikiwiki ma waena o ka wikiwiki o ka naʻau a me ka hanu mālie
• hā hanu

Ma waena o 85.2˚ a me 71.6˚F (30˚C a me 22˚C), e ʻike ʻoe:

• hanu iki
• ʻilihune i nā reflexes ʻole
• hiki ʻole ke neʻe a pane paha i nā stimulus
• haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa
• koma paha

Hiki i kahi mahana o ke kino ma lalo o 71.6˚F (22˚C) ke lilo i ka paʻakikī i nāʻiʻo, ke haʻahaʻa a me ke kahe o ke koko, e emi ana ka puʻuwai a me nā hanu, a hiki i ka make ke hopena.

Lapaʻau

Inā hala kekahi, hōʻike i nā ʻōuli he nui i helu ʻia ma luna, a me ka mahana o ke kino o 95˚F (35˚C) a i lalo paha, e kāhea koke iā 911. Hana i ka CPR inā ʻaʻole hanu ke kanaka a ʻaʻohe ona pulse.

E mālama i ka hypothermia, e hele i waho o ke anuanu i ka wā hiki a i kahi kai mehana. Wehe i nā lole pulu a pulu hoʻi a hoʻomaka i ka hoʻomehana ʻana i nā wahi waena o kou kino, e like me kou poʻo, ʻāʻī, a me kou umauma, me kahi pale hoʻomehana a i ʻole ʻili i ka ʻili o kekahi me ka mahana o ke kino. E inu i kahi mea mehana e hoʻonui iki i ka mahana o kou kino, akā ʻaʻohe mea ʻona.

ʻOiai ma hope o kou hoʻomaka hou e mahana hou, e noho maloʻo a hoʻopaʻa iā ʻoe iho i loko o kahi kapa pumehana. E ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau e hōʻemi i ka pōʻino i kou kino.

No ka mālama ʻana i ka hau, hoʻomoʻa i ka wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia i ka wai mehana ma mua o 105˚F (40˚C) a wahī iā ia i ka lole. E mālama i nā manamana wāwae a i ʻole nā ​​manamana lima i hoʻopili ʻia e ka hau i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai kekahi i kekahi e hōʻalo i ka ʻānai ʻana i nā wahi i kekahi i kekahi. Mai hamo, hoʻohana, a hele wāwae paha i ka ʻili hau, no ka mea he kumu kēia e hōʻino ai i ka ʻaʻa. E ʻike i kāu kauka inā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kekahi mea ma kou ʻili hau ma hope o 30 mau minuke.

Kāohi

Pono ia e pale aku i ka poʻe e ʻike nei i nā ʻōuli mua o ka hypothermia. Inā hiki, hemo koke iā lākou mai ke anuanu. Mai hoʻāʻo e hoʻomehana i kahi kanaka e loaʻa ana i ka hypothermia koʻikoʻi me ka hoʻoikaika ikaika a i ʻole ka ʻānai ʻana, no ka mea hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia hou.

I mea e pale aku ai i ka maʻi e pili ana i ke anu, lawe i hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o kēia mau ana ke hoʻomaka ka hāʻule o ka mahana:

• ʻai pinepine i nā pāʻina nui a inu i ka wai he nui
• e hōʻalo i nā mea inu me ka waiʻona a me ka caffeine
• noho i loko kokoke i kahi kumu o ka wela
• komo i ka pāpale, beanie, a i ʻole mea like paha ma kou poʻo e mālama i ka wela a me nā mikina lima a i ʻole nā ​​mikena ma kou mau lima
• komo i nā papa lole he nui
• e hoʻohana i ka lāʻau hamo a me ka lehelehe e pale ai i ka maloʻo o kou ʻili a me kou lehelehe
• lawe mai i nā lole keu e hoʻololi inā pono ʻoe pulu a pulu paha
• komo i nā aniani aniani ke hau mai ana a i ʻole ʻamaʻama loa i waho e pale i ka makapō o ka hau

Nā kumu weliweli

ʻO nā kumu pilikia maʻamau no ka hypothermia a me ka frostbite e komo pū ana:

• ma mua o 4 a ʻoi paha ma mua o 65
• ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻalekohola, ka caffeine, a i ʻole ka paka
• make wai ʻia
• ke waiho nei i ka ʻili i nā mahana anuanu loa, keu hoʻi i ka hoʻoikaika kino ʻana a me ka hou ʻana
• e pulu a pulu i ke anuanu