Nā Neurotransmitters hauʻoli

Anter

• Nā Neurotransmitters
• Pehea e hana ai i nā neurotransmitters?
• He aha nā neurotransmitters e hana ai
• Nā neurotransmitters pīhoihoi
• Acetylcholine
• Epinephrine
• ʻO Glutamate
• Histamine
• ʻO Dopamine
• Nā neurotransmitters ʻē aʻe
• Norepinephrine
• ʻAkika gamma-aminobutyric
• Serotonin
• Hoʻopili nā maʻi i nā neurotransmitters
• Lawe aku

Nā Neurotransmitters

He mea nui nā Neurotransmitters i ke kamaʻilio neural. ʻO lākou nā ʻelele kemikala e lawe i nā leka ma waena o nā nerve nerve (neurons) a me nā huna ʻē aʻe i kou kino, e hoʻohuli ana i nā mea āpau mai ka naʻau i nā neʻe ʻole. Kuhi ʻia kēia hana ma ke ʻano he neurotransmission a i ʻole synaptic transmission.

ʻO ke kikoʻī, nā hopena o ka neurotransmitters excitatory i nā neuron. ʻO kēia ke hoʻonui nei lākou i ka likelihood e puhi ke neuron i kahi hōʻailona i kapa ʻia he mana hana i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka neuron.

Hiki i nā Neurotransmitters ke hana i nā ala wānana, akā hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia iā lākou e nā lāʻau, ka maʻi, a me ka launa pū ʻana me nā ʻelele kemika ʻē aʻe.

Pehea e hana ai i nā neurotransmitters?

No ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā leka ma loko o ke kino, pono nā neurons e hoʻouna i nā hōʻailona e kamaʻilio pū kekahi me kekahi. Akā ʻaʻohe pilina o ke kino me kekahi, he hakahaka minuscule wale nō. Kapa ʻia kēia hui ma waena o ʻelua aʻa nerve e like me ka synaps.

No ke kamaʻilio ʻana me ke kolamu hou, hoʻouna kahi neuron i kahi hōʻailona ma o ka synaps e ka diffusion o kahi neurotransmitter.

He aha nā neurotransmitters e hana ai

Hoʻopili nā Neurotransmitters i nā neurons i hoʻokahi o nā ala ʻekolu: hiki iā lākou ke excitatory, inhibitory, a modulate paha. Hoʻokumu kahi transmitter excitatory i kahi hōʻailona i kapa ʻia he mana hiki ke loaʻa i ka neuron loaʻa. Kākoʻo kahi transmitter mea hoʻopuka iā ia. Hoʻoponopono nā Neuromodulator i nā hui o nā neurons.

1. Nā neurotransmitters pīhoihoi loaʻa nā hopena excitatory ma ka neuron. ʻO kēia ka mea e hoʻonui i ka likelike e puhi ka neuron i kahi hiki hana.
2. Nā neurotransmitters hoʻohiolo Loaʻa nā hopena kaohi ma luna o ka neurona. ʻO ke kumu kēia e hoʻemi lākou i ka likelihood e puhi ai ka neuron i kahi hana.
3. Nā neurotransmitters modulate hiki ke hoʻololi i kekahi o nā neurons i ka manawa like a hoʻohuli i nā hopena o nā ʻelele kemika ʻē aʻe.

ʻO kekahi mau neurotransmitters, e like me ka dopamine, kaukaʻi ʻia i nā mea loaʻa i kēia manawa, hana i nā hopena excitatory a me nā inhibitory.

Nā neurotransmitters pīhoihoi

ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau a maopopo leʻa hoʻi o nā neurotransmitters pīhoihoi me:

Acetylcholine

He neurotransmitter pīhoihoi kēia i ʻike ʻia ma loko o ka ʻōnaehana hopohopo. ʻO kekahi o kāna mau hana he stimulate muscle, e like me nā ʻōnaehana gastrointestinal a me ka ʻōnaehana autonomic.

Kamaʻāina paha ʻoe me nā cosmetic Botox injection? Hoʻohana ʻia lākou e hōʻoki i nā wīwī e ka palaka manawa ʻana i kekahi mau mākala. Hoʻohana kēia kaʻina hana i ka botulinum toxin e hoʻopaʻa i nā mākala ma kahi e ka pale ʻana i nā neurons ma ia wahi mai ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka acetylcholine.

Epinephrine

Kapa pū ʻia ʻo adrenaline, epinephrine kahi neurotransmitter pīhoihoi i hana ʻia e nā adrenal glands. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ke kahe o ke koko e hoʻomākaukau i kou kino no nā hanana weliweli ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka helu o kou puʻuwai, ke kahe o ke koko, a me ka hana glucose.

Kamaʻāina paha ʻoe me ka pane hakakā a i ʻole lele? Kōkua ʻo Adrenaline i kāu ʻōnaehana hopohopo a me ka endocrine e hoʻomākaukau no nā kūlana koʻikoʻi kahi e hoʻoholo ai i ka hakakā a i ʻole ka lele.

ʻO Glutamate

ʻO kēia ka neurotransmitter maʻamau i ke kikowaena pūnaewele waena. He neurotransmitter pīhoihoi ia a hōʻoia mau i ke kaulike me nā hopena o ka gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), kahi neurotransmitter kaohi.

Histamine

ʻO kēia kahi neurotransmitter excitatory i pili nui i nā pane inflammatory, vasodilation, a me ke kaohi o kāu pale pale i nā kino haole e like me nā mea āpau.

ʻO Dopamine

Loaʻa nā hopena o Dopamine i nā mea hoihoi a me nā mea āpau. Pili ʻia ia me nā ʻano hana uku ma ka lolo.

Hiki i nā lāʻau e like me cocaine, heroin, a me ka waiʻona ke hoʻonui iki i kāna mau pae i ke koko. Hiki i kēia hoʻonui ke alakaʻi i nā pūnana nerve e kī kīnā ʻole ʻana i hiki ke hopena i ka inu ʻona me ka ʻike a me nā pilikia e kia ai.

Hiki i kahi huna o ka dopamine i kou kahe ke kōkua i ka hoʻoikaika.

Nā neurotransmitters ʻē aʻe

Norepinephrine

Kapa ʻia ʻo noradrenaline, norepinephrine ka neurotransmitter mua i loko o ka ʻōnaehana puʻuwai aloha kahi e hana ai e kaohi i ka helu o ka puʻuwai, ke kahe o ke koko, ka hana ate a me nā hana ʻē aʻe.

ʻAkika gamma-aminobutyric

ʻIke ʻia ʻo GABA, ʻo ka gamma-aminobutyric acid kahi neurotransmitter kaohi e hana ma ke ʻano he wawahi i nā neurotransmitters pīhoihoi. Loaʻa ka hoʻolaha ākea o ka GABA i ka lolo a he kuleana nui kona i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka pīhoihoi o ka neuronal ma loko o ka ʻōnaehana makaʻu.

Serotonin

Serotonin mea he inhibitory neurotransmitter i komo i loko o ka naʻau a me ka naʻau, ke kaulike nui loa excitatory neurotransmitter hopena i kou lolo. Hoʻoponopono pū kekahi ʻo Serotonin i nā kaʻina hana, e like me ka pōʻaiapuni o ka hiamoe, ʻono ʻana i ka waiʻuhū, ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai, a me ka kaohi ʻeha.

Hoʻopili nā maʻi i nā neurotransmitters

Ua hoʻopili ʻia nā neurotransmitters he nui me kekahi mau maʻi.

• Ua pili ka maʻi o Alzheimer i ka nele o ka acetylcholine a ma kekahi mau wahi o ka lolo.
• Ua hoʻopili ʻia ʻo Schizophrenia i ka nui o ka nui o ka dopamine ma ke ala mesolimbic o ka lolo.
• Ua pili ka maʻi ʻo Parkinson i kahi dopamine liʻiliʻi ma nā wahi kaʻa o ka lolo.
• Ua hoʻopili ʻia ʻo Epilepsy a me Huntington maʻi i hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ʻo GABA i ka lolo.
• Ua hoʻopili ʻia nā maʻi Mood e like me ka hopohopo.
• ʻO nā maʻi Mood e like me ke kaumaha o ka manic, ka hopohopo, a me ka pōʻaiapilikia hōʻino i hoʻopili ʻia i (norepinephrine) a me nā neurotransmitters ʻē aʻe.

Lawe aku

Aia nā piliona o nā mole neurotransmitter e hana mau nei e hoʻomau i ka hana o kou lolo a me ka mālama ʻana i nā mea āpau mai kou hanu ʻana i kou puʻuwai i kou hiki ke noʻonoʻo.

ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke ala e kamaʻilio ai nā hunaola nerve, a me ka hoʻonui a me ka hōʻemi ʻana o nā neurotransmitters i ka maikaʻi o ke kino a me ka noʻonoʻo, kōkua i nā mea noiʻi a me nā kauka e ʻike i nā ala e hauʻoli ai a olakino hoʻi.