Protein Electrophoresis: he aha ia a pehea e maopopo ai i ka hopena

Anter

• No ke aha ia
• Pehea e hana ai
• Pehea e maopopo ai i ka hopena
• Albumin
• ʻAlapa-1-globulin
• Alpha-2-globulin
• Beta-1-globulin
• Beta-2-globulin
• Gamma-globulin

ʻO ka protein electrophoresis kahi hōʻike i noi ʻia e ke kauka me ka pahuhopu o ka ʻimi ʻana i nā maʻi i hiki ke alakaʻi i nā loli i ka nui o nā proteins e kahe ana i loko o ke koko, e noʻonoʻo ʻia kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua nui i noi ʻia no ka hoʻokolokolo a me ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka myeloma he nui.

Hana ʻia kēia hoʻokolohua mai kahi hāpana koko, kahi e hana ai i kahi hana centrifugation e loaʻa ai ka plasma toto, kahi e loaʻa ai nā protein. Lawe kēia mau proteins i kahi kaʻina kaʻawale e like me kā lākou uila uila a me ke kaupaona mole, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi kaha band a, a laila, he pakuhi i mea nui no ka wehewehe ʻana o ka ninaninau a ke kauka.

ʻO nā protein i loiloi ʻia i kēia hoʻokolohua he mea nui ia no ka hana pono ʻana o ka meaola, ʻoiai ke hana nei lākou i ka ʻōnaehana pale, i ke kaʻina coagulation a me nā hopena metabolic, me ka hiki ke lawe i kekahi mau mole i kā lākou kahua o ka hana. No laila, hiki i nā loli i kā lākou noʻonoʻo ke hōʻike i nā maʻi. Ma waena o nā protein i loiloi ʻia he albumin, alpha-glycoproteins, beta-glycoproteins a me gamma-glycoproteins.

No ke aha ia

Noi ʻia ke kauka uila i ka electrophoresis e nānā i ka nui o ka protein i loko o ke kino a, no laila, e noiʻi i nā loli a me nā maʻi hiki ke hoʻomaka i ka mālama mua ʻana inā ʻo kēia ka hihia. ʻO kekahi o nā kūlana i hiki i ke kauka ke kauoha a me ka protein electrophoresis ke loaʻa nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli e hōʻike nei i:

• Make wai;
• Myeloma lehulehu;
• Hoʻonāukiuki;
• Cirrhosis;
• ʻŌnaehana lupus ʻōnaehana;
• Hypertension;
• Ascite;
• Glomerulonephritis;
• Cushing's syndrome;
• Emphysema;
• Nā maʻi akepaʻa;
• Anemia;
• ʻO Pancreatitis.

Ma waho aʻe o kēia mau kūlana, noi ʻia paha kēia hoʻokolohua ke hana ʻia ke kanaka i ka lāʻau estrogen a i ka wā e hāpai ana ʻo ia, ʻoiai i kēia mau hanana he loli paha nā pae protein, he mea nui e nānā i ka protein i hoʻololi ʻia a lawe i nā ana a hoʻohuli. ke kūlana.

Pehea e hana ai

Hana ʻia ka electrophoresis protein ma o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i kahi hāpana koko mai ke kanaka e kekahi loea i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia a ʻaʻohe mākaukau e pono ai. Hoʻouna ʻia ka hāpana i ka keʻena hoʻokolohua no laila aia ka hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula a me ka plasma. I kekahi mau hanana, hiki ke hana i ka hōʻiliʻili mimi he 24 mau hola e nānā i ka nui o nā protein i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ka mimi i ka lā, kahi i noi nui ʻia e ke kauka ke kānalua ʻia nā pilikia o nā puʻupaʻa.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka plasma i loko o ka agarose gel a i ʻole cellulose acetate pū me kahi kala a me ka marker no kēlā me kēia protein a laila kau ʻia kahi uila i mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā protein e like me ko lākou hiki uila., Ka nui a me ka molekole. kaupaona. Ma hope o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā proteins e ke ʻano o ke kāʻei, e hōʻike ana i ka loaʻa a me ka ʻole o nā protein.

A laila, helu ʻia kēia mau protein i loko o kahi pono kikoʻī, i kapa ʻia he densitometer, kahi e nānā ʻia ai ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o nā protein i ke koko, me ka helu pākēneka a me ka waiwai piha o kēlā me kēia ʻāpana protein i hōʻike ʻia i loko o ka hōʻike, me kahi pakuhi. ka mea nui no ka hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi ʻana e ke kauka a me ka mea hoʻomanawanui i ka hopena hōʻike.

Pehea e maopopo ai i ka hopena

ʻO ka hopena o ka hoʻāʻo electrophoresis protein pono e unuhi ʻia e ke kauka, nāna e loiloi i ka waiwai piha a pili pono o nā protein, me ka pakuhi i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ka hōʻike.

I ka hopena, hōʻike ʻia nā hakina protein, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā waiwai i loaʻa no ka albumin, alpha-1-globulin, alpha-2-globulin, beta-1-globulin, beta-2-globulin a me gamma-globulin. E pili ana i ke kaona band, ʻaʻole hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka hōʻike, koe wale nō i ka hale hana a loaʻa i ke kauka.

Albumin

ʻO Albumin ka protein plasma i loaʻa i ka nui o ka nui a hana ʻia i ke ake, e hana ana i nā hana like ʻole, e like me ka lawe ʻana i nā homone, nā wikamina a me nā meaola, ka mālama ʻana i ka pH a me ka mana osmotic o ke kino ʻO ka synthesie o albumin i ke akepaʻa kaukaʻi ʻia i ke kūlana olakino o ke kanaka, ka nui o nā hormoni e holo nei a me ka pH koko. No laila, hōʻike ka nui o albumin i ka protein electrophoresis i ke kūlana olakino laulaha o ke kanaka a ʻae ʻia e ʻike i nā loli hiki i ke ake a me nā puʻupaʻa.

ʻO ke kumukūʻai kūmole ma electrophoresis (hiki ke loli e like me ka keʻena hoʻokolohua): 4.01 a 4.78 g / dL; 55.8 a 66.1%

Hoʻonui i ka albumin: ʻO ka piʻi ʻana o nā pae albumin ma muli o ka hopena o ka make wai, akā ʻaʻole no ka mea ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hana ʻana o kēia protein, akā no ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o ka wai a, no laila, ka nui o ke koko, no laila, kiʻekiʻe nā pae albumin. hooiaioia.

Ua emi ka albumin: Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Albumin kahi protein protein wā maikaʻi ʻole, ʻo ia hoʻi, i nā hanana o ka lī, aia ka hoʻemi ʻana o nā pae albumin. No laila, hiki i ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka albumin ke hana i nā maʻi diabetes mellitus, hypertension, edema, ascites, deficiencies deficiencies a me cirrhosis, kahi e hoʻopilikia ʻia ai ke akepaʻa a e hōʻino ʻia ka synthes albumin.

E aʻo hou e pili ana i ka albumin.

ʻAlapa-1-globulin

ʻO ka ʻāpana alpha-1-globulin ka nui o nā protein, ʻo ka mea nui ka alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGA) a ʻo ka alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT). Komo ʻo AGA i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā fiberg collagen a he kuleana no ka pāpā ʻana i ka hana o nā virus a me nā parasites, no laila he kuleana nui i ka hana pono ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana pale. E like me ka AGA, nui ka waiwai o ka AAT i ka ʻōnaehana paleʻea.

ʻO ke kumukūʻai kūmole ma electrophoresis (hiki ke loli e like me ka keʻena hoʻokolohua): 0.22 a 0.41 g / dL; 2.9 i ka 4.9%

Hoʻonui i ka alpha-1-globulin: ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻia o nā protein i kēia hapa ma muli o ka mumū a me nā maʻi. No laila, hiki i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka alpha-1-globulin ke kuhikuhi i nā neoplasms, ka maʻi ʻo Cushing, ka maʻi kōpū, ka hāpai ʻana a me ka vasculitis, a ʻoi aku ka hoʻonui ʻia ma ke ʻano he hopena o ka hoʻōla me nā estrogens a i ʻole nā ​​corticosteroids.

E hoʻemi i ka alpha-1-globulin: Hiki i ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi ke hopena ma ke ʻano he hopena o nephrotic Syndrome, nā maʻi ʻiʻo nui, nā ʻōpala, nā cirrhosis a me nā maʻi hepela hepatocellular.

Alpha-2-globulin

Hana ʻia ka ʻāpana alpha-2-globulin i ʻekolu mau protein nui: ka ceruloplasmin (CER), a haptoglobin (hpt) a ʻo ka macroglobulin (AMG), ka mea nāna e hoʻonui i ka hopena ma muli o ka hopena o nā hana hoʻomeamea a me nā maʻi infectious.

ʻO Ceruloplasmin kahi protein i synthesize ʻia e ke akepaʻa a he nui ka nui o ke keleawe i loko o kāna ʻano, e ʻae iā ia e hana i kekahi mau hopena i ke kino. Eia kekahi, he mea nui ʻo CER i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka hao i loko o ka transferrin, ʻo ia ka protein i kuleana no ka lawe ʻana i ka hao i loko o ke kino. ʻOiai manaʻo ʻia ia he protein protein mahele nui, lohi ka piʻi ʻana o nā pae CER.

ʻO Haptoglobin ke kuleana no ka nakinaki ʻana i ka hemoglobin e kaʻapuni ana a, no laila, ke hāpai nei i kona hoʻohaʻahaʻa a me ka hoʻopau ʻana mai ka holo. ʻO Macroglobulin, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, kekahi o nā protein plasma nui a ʻo ia ke kuleana no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā hopena inflammatory a me nā immunological, me ka lawe ʻana i nā protein, peptides, a me ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka synthesity o nā protein plasma e ke ake.

ʻO ke kumukūʻai kūmole ma electrophoresis (hiki ke loli e like me ka keʻena hoʻokolohua): 0.58 a 0.92 g / dL; 7.1 i ka 11.8%

Hoʻonui i ka alpha-2-globulin: ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā protein i kēia ʻāpana e hōʻike ana i ka maʻi nephrotic, ka maʻi o Wilson, ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa o ke ake, ka hoʻopili ʻia ʻana o ka intagvasky a me ka infarction cerebral, a ʻoi aku ka hoʻonui ʻia ma muli o ka estrogen therapy.

E hoʻemi i ka alpha-2-globulin: Hiki ke hōʻemi i nā pae o kēia protein ma muli o ka hemolytic anemias, pancreatitis a me nā maʻi o ka akemāmā.

Beta-1-globulin

KA hoʻoiho ʻo ia ka protein nui o ka hakina beta-1-globulin a he kuleana no ka lawe ʻana o ka hao i nā wahi like ʻole o ke kino. Ma waho aʻe o ka nui i hiki ke nānā ʻia i nā electrophoresis protein, hiki ke nānā ʻia ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o ka transferrin i ke koko i kahi hoʻokolohua koko maʻamau. E ʻike i ka hoʻokolohua transferrin.

ʻO ke kumukūʻai kūmole ma electrophoresis (hiki ke loli e like me ka keʻena hoʻokolohua): 0.36 a 0.52 g / dL; 4.9 i ka 7.2%

Hoʻonui i ka beta-1-globulin: Kū ka hoʻonui i nā hihia o ka hemahema hao anemia, hāpai keiki, jaundice, hypothyroidism a me ka maʻi kō.

E hoʻemi i ka beta-1-globulin: ʻAʻole pinepine ka hoʻemi ʻana o kēia hapa o nā proteins, akā hiki ke ʻike ʻia i nā kaʻina hana mau.

Beta-2-globulin

I kēia hakina aia ʻelua mau protein nui, ka beta-2-microglobulin (BMG) a ʻo ka C-reactive protein (CRP). ʻO ka BMG kahi māka o ka hana pūnaewele, he mea nui no ka ʻike ʻana i nā tumo lymphocytic, no ka laʻana, me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana lapaʻau me ke kumu o ka hele pū ʻana me ka mea maʻi maʻi maʻi, i mea e hōʻoia ai inā maikaʻi ka mālama ʻana. ʻO CRP kahi protein nui loa i ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi a me nā mumū, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻololi nui i kāna mau pae.

ʻO ke kumukūʻai kūmole ma electrophoresis (hiki ke loli e like me ka keʻena hoʻokolohua): 0.22 a 0.45 g / dL; 3.1 i ka 6.1%

Hoʻonui i ka beta-2-globulin: Hiki i ka hoʻonui ke kū i ka hihia o nā maʻi e pili ana i ka lymphocytes, ka mumū a me nā maʻi.

E hoʻemi i ka beta-2-globulin: ʻO ka emi ʻana ma muli o nā pilikia o ke ake, ka mea e pale ai i ka synthesise o kēia mau protein.

Gamma-globulin

I kēia hapa o nā protein electrophoresis i loaʻa nā immunoglobulins, ʻo ia nā protein i kuleana no ka pale ʻana i ka meaola. Hoʻomaopopo pehea e holo ai ka ʻōnaehana pale.

ʻO ke kumukūʻai kūmole ma electrophoresis (hiki ke loli e like me ka keʻena hoʻokolohua): 0.72 a 1.27 g / dL; 11.1 a 18.8%

Hoʻonui ka Gamma-globulin: Ke piʻi nei ka gamma-globulin protein proteins i mua o nā maʻi, ka mumū a me nā maʻi autoimmune, e like me ka rheumatoid arthritis. Eia hou, aia paha he hoʻonui i ka hihia o ka lymphoma, cirrhosis a me myeloma maha.

Hoʻoemi ka Gamma-globulin: ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia nā pae immunoglobulin ke loaʻa ka hemahema i ka ʻōnaehana pale maʻi ma muli o nā maʻi maʻi mau.