He palekana anei ka ʻai ʻana i kaʻiʻo maka?

Anter

• Pilikia o ka maʻi hānau
• Nā ipuʻiʻo maka maka mau
• ʻAʻohe pōmaikaʻi i hōʻoia ʻia
• Pehea e hōʻemi ai i kou makaʻi
• Ke laina lalo

ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻiʻo maka ka mea maʻamau i nā kuke he nui a puni ka honua.

Eia naʻe, ʻoiai hoʻolaha kēia hana, aia nā hopohopo palekana āu e noʻonoʻo ai.

Loiloi kēia ʻatikala i ka palekana o ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻiʻo maka.

Pilikia o ka maʻi hānau

Ke ʻai nei i ka ʻiʻo maka, ʻo ka makaʻu nui loa āu e ʻike ai ʻo ia ka ʻaelike ʻana i kahi maʻi i lawe ʻia mai kahi meaʻai, a kapa ʻia ia he lāʻau make.

Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia i ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai i hoʻoweliweli ʻia me nā bacteria, nā mea hoʻomaʻi, nā parasites, a i nā toxins paha. ʻO ka maʻamau, kū kēia haumia i ka wā luku inā loaʻa i nā ʻōpū o ka holoholona i nike ʻole a hohola i nā pathogens weliweli i ka ʻiʻo.

Pākuʻi ʻia nā pathogens maʻamau i kaʻiʻo maka Salmonella, ʻO nā perfringens Clostridium, E. coli, Listeria monocytogenes, a Campylobacter ().

ʻO nā ʻōuli o nā maʻi i loaʻa mai i ka meaʻai ka nausea, ka luaʻi, ka maʻi hū, ka ʻōpū ʻana o ka ʻōpū, ke kuni, a me ka ʻeha poʻo. Kū mau kēia mau ʻōuli ma loko o 24 mau hola a hiki ke hala i 7 mau lā - a i ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o kekahi mau hihia - no ka mea ke kau nei ka lōʻihi i ka pathogen (2).

ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻo ka kuke ʻana i ka ʻiʻo pono e luku i nā pathogens weliweli. I ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, noho mau nā pathogens i ka ʻiʻo maka. No laila, ʻo ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻiʻo maka e hoʻonui loa ai i kou makaʻu i ka hoʻomohala ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi ma loko o ka meaʻai, a pono ʻoe e hele me ka akahele.

ʻO kekahi mau makaʻi makaʻu, e like me nā keiki, hāpai a hānai wahine paha, a me nā mākua makua, pono e hōʻalo i ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻiʻo maka.

ʻO ka makaʻu maʻamau e pili ana i ka ʻai ʻana i kaʻiʻo maka ka lāʻau make. No kekahi mau makaʻi makaʻu, ʻo ia hoʻi ka pale ʻana i ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻiʻo maka.

Nā ipuʻiʻo maka maka mau

ʻO kekahi mau kīʻaha ʻai maka mai a puni ka honua i loko:

• Steak tartare: kuʻi ʻia i ka steak pipi maka i kāwili ʻia me nā hua moa, nā ʻaka, a me nā mea ʻala
• Tuna tartare: ʻoki kīnā ʻole tuna i kāwili ʻia me nā mea kanu a me nā mea ʻala
• ʻO Carpaccio: kahi ipu mai ʻItalia i hana ʻia i ka pipi maka a lahilahi paha
• ʻO ka steak rare ʻo Pittsburgh: steak i ua seared ma ka waho a waiho maka ma loko, a ʻike ʻia ʻo "ʻeleʻele a me ka uliuli steak"
• Mett: kahi kīʻaha Kelemania o ka puaʻa mīka ʻole i hoʻomoʻa ʻia i ʻono ʻia me ka paʻakai, ka pepa, a me ka kālika a me ka caraway paha
• Kekahi mau ʻano sushi: kahi ipu Kepani i loko o nā ʻōwili i loaʻa ka raiki i kuke ʻia a me nā iʻa maka pinepine
• ʻO Ceviche: hoola ʻia ka iʻa maka maka me ka wai citrus a me nā mea ʻono
• Torisashi: kahi ipu Kepani o nā ʻāpana moa lahilahi i kuke ʻia i waho a maka hoʻi i loko

ʻIke ʻia kēia mau kīʻaha ma nā menus hale ʻaina he nui, akā ʻaʻole ia ka manaʻo palekana lākou.

ʻO ka manawa pinepine, loaʻa i nā kīʻaha ʻai maka kahi hōʻole liʻiliʻi e heluhelu ana, "ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i nā ʻiʻo maka a moa ʻole paha, nā moa, nā iʻa iʻa, nā iʻa, a i ʻole nā ​​hua manu paha e hoʻonui ai i kou makaʻikaʻi i ka maʻi hānau."

Hoʻomaopopo kēia i ka poʻe ʻaina ʻaina aia kekahi pilikia e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻiʻo maka a malia ʻaʻole palekana ia.

Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā kīʻaha ʻai maka ma ka home, ʻoiai ʻo ka sourcing pono ʻana o kaʻiʻo he mea nui.

ʻO kahi laʻana, kūʻai i kāu iʻa hou mai kahi kūʻai aku kūloko e hoʻohana nei i nā hana palekana palekana kūpono, a i ʻole kūʻai i kahi ʻoki kiʻekiʻe o ka pīpī mai kāu ʻoki kūloko a na lākou e wili kikoʻī iā ʻoe.

Hiki i kēia mau hana ke pale aku i ka hoʻohaumia a me nā maʻi hānau.

ʻIke ʻia nā ipu ʻai maka ma nā menus hale ʻaina ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, ʻoiai ʻaʻole kēia e hōʻoia i ko lākou palekana. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomākaukau ma ka home, ʻoiai e nānā pono ʻia ke kumu o ka ʻiʻo.

ʻAʻohe pōmaikaʻi i hōʻoia ʻia

ʻOiai ʻoi aʻe kekahi e ʻōlelo ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kaʻiʻo maka ma mua o ka ʻai i kuke ʻia e pili ana i ka waiwai a me ke olakino, he palena palena ʻole nā ​​hōʻike e kākoʻo i kēia manaʻo.

Hoʻolahalaha kekahi mau anthropologists i ka manaʻo o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka meaʻai, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻiʻo, i ʻae i nā kānaka e ulu, ʻoiai ke kuke ʻana i nā protein a maʻalahi hoʻi i ka nau a me ka ʻai (, 4,).

Hōʻike kekahi mau noiʻi e hiki i ke kuke ʻana i ka ʻiʻo ke hōʻemi i kāna ʻike o kekahi mau wikamina a me nā minelala, e like me thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, a me phosphorus (, 7).

Eia nō naʻe, ʻike ʻia kēia mau noiʻi i nā pae o nā minelala ʻē aʻe, kikoʻī keleawe, zinc, a me ka hao, hoʻonui ma hope o ka kuke ʻana (, 7).

Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ua loaʻa i kahi noiʻi hoʻokahi ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana i ka hao i kekahi mauʻiʻo. ʻO ka mea hope loa, pono nā aʻo hou e ʻike pono pehea ka hopena ʻana o ka kuke ʻana i ka waiwai o kaʻiʻo (8).

ʻOi aku paha nā pōmaikaʻi kūpono o ka ʻai ʻana i kaʻiʻo maka e ka makaʻu kiʻekiʻe o ka loaʻa ʻana i kahi maʻi hānau. Eia nō naʻe, pono i nā ʻikepili hou aʻe e hoʻokumu i nā ʻokoʻa nutritional kikoʻī ma waena o kaʻiʻo maka a me ka moa.

Kuhi ʻia nā ʻikepili e pili ana i nā ʻokoʻaʻai ma waena o kaʻiʻo maka a me ka iʻa i kuke ʻia, a ʻaʻohe maikaʻi maikaʻi o ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻiʻo maka ma luna o ka ʻiʻo i hoʻomoʻa ʻia.

Pehea e hōʻemi ai i kou makaʻi

ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻiʻo maka ʻaʻole hōʻoia ʻia e palekana, aia kekahi mau ala e hōʻemi ai i kou makaʻi ʻana i ka maʻi.

Ke hoʻokomo nei i ka ʻiʻo maka, akamai paha i ke koho ʻana i kahi ʻāpana o kaʻiʻo, e like me ka steak a i ʻole ka ʻiʻo i hoʻomoʻa ʻia i loko o ka hale, i kū ʻole i ka ʻiʻo lūlū.

ʻO kēia no ka mea hiki i ka pipi i miko ʻia i loko ke kau i kaʻiʻo mai nā bipi like ʻole he nui, e hoʻonui loa ana i kou makaʻi i ka maʻi hānau. Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, hele mai kahi steak mai hoʻokahi bipi wale nō. Hoʻohui, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻilikai no ka hoʻohaumia.

Pili ka manaʻo like i nā ʻano ʻiʻo ʻē aʻe, e like me ka iʻa, ka moa, a me ka puaʻa. ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻoi aku ka makaʻu o ka ʻai ʻana i kēlā me kēia ʻano o kaʻiʻo maka ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana i kahi steak maka a i ʻole ʻāpana o ka ʻiʻo.

ʻO ke koho ʻana i ka iʻa maka kekahi ala ʻē aʻe e hōʻemi ai i kou makaʻi. Mālama ʻo ka iʻa maka ʻoi aku ka palekana ma mua o nā ʻano ʻiʻo maka, no ka mea, paʻahau pinepine ia ma hope koke iho o ka hopu ʻia - kahi hana e luku ai i kekahi mau mea make ʻino (, 10).

I kekahi ʻaoʻao, ʻoi aku ka weliweli o ka moa i ka ʻai maka.

Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻiʻo ʻē aʻe, mālama ka moa i nā meaola weliweli e like me Salmonella. Loaʻa iā ia kahi hanana porous hou aʻe, e ʻae ai i nā pathogens e komo hohonu i kaʻiʻo. No laila, ʻo ka huki ʻana i ka ʻili o ka moa maka ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia e luku i nā pathogens (,).

ʻO ka mea hope loa, hiki ke hōʻalo loa ʻia ka pilikia o ka maʻi hānau ma o ke kuke ʻana i ka puaʻa, pipi, a me ka iʻa i kahi mahana liʻiliʻi o 145ºF (63ºC), nā ʻiʻo lepo i 160 groundF (71ºC), a me nā moa ma kahi o 165ºF (74ºC) (13) .

ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻiʻo maka me nā pilikia, aia kekahi mau kaʻina e hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe e hoʻonui i ka palekana o ka meaʻai a pale i ka maʻi hānau.

Ke laina lalo

Kūleʻa nā ipu ʻai maka ma nā papa ʻaina hale ʻaina a puni ka honua, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia he kumu palekana lākou.

ʻO ka pilikia nui e pili ana i ka ʻai ʻana i kaʻiʻo maka ke hoʻomohala nei i kahi maʻi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka haumia mai nā pathogens weliweli.

Aia kekahi mau ala e hōʻemi ai i kēia pilikia ke ʻai i kaʻiʻo maka, ʻoiai e hōʻalo loa i ka makaʻu, he mea nui ka kuke ʻana i nā ʻiʻo i kahi mahana kūpono o loko.

ʻO ka poʻe i hoʻonui i ka makaʻu, e like me nā keiki, nā wahine hāpai a hānai paha, a me nā mākua makua, pono e hōʻalo i ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻiʻo maka holoʻokoʻa.