Nā ho'āʻo Diabetes

Anter

• ʻO wai ka mea e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka maʻi diabetes?
• Nā ho'āʻo koko no ka maʻi kō
• Hōʻike A1c
• Hōʻaʻo kō kō kō ʻole
• Hoʻāʻo hoʻokēʻai kō kō
• ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka ʻaukā glucose
• ʻImi i ka mimi no ka maʻi kō
• Nā hoʻāʻo diabetes gestational

He aha ka mimikō?

ʻO ka maʻi diabetes kahi maʻi e hoʻopili i ka hiki i ke kino ke hana a hoʻohana paha i ka insulin. Kōkua ka insulin i ke kino e hoʻohana i ke kō kō no ka ikehu. Nā hopena diabetes i ke kō kō (ke kō glucose) e piʻi i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.

I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hopena ka maʻi diabetes i ka hōʻino ʻia o nā kīʻaha koko a me nā aʻalolo, e hana ana i nā ʻano o nā ʻōuli, me:

• pilikia i ka ʻike ʻana
• ʻālunu a me ka helu ʻana i nā lima a me nā wāwae
• hoʻonui i ka makaʻu no ka puʻuwai puʻuwai a hahau paha

ʻO kahi hōʻailona kakahiaka hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaka i ka mālama ʻana a hana i nā ala i ke ola olakino.

ʻO wai ka mea e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka maʻi diabetes?

I kona wā mua, hiki i ka maʻi diabet paha ke kumu ʻole i nā ʻōuli he nui. Pono ʻoe e hoʻāʻo inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi o nā ʻōuli mua e hana ʻia i kekahi manawa, e like me:

• make wai loa
• luhi i nā manawa āpau
• pololi loa, ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana
• he ʻike hihi
• ka mimi pinepine ʻana ma mua o ka maʻamau
• he ʻeha a ʻokiʻoki paha e hōʻola ʻole

Pono e hoʻāʻo ʻia kekahi poʻe no ka maʻi kō inā ʻaʻole lākou e ʻike nei i nā ʻōuli. Paipai ka American Diabetes Association (ADA) iā ʻoe e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka maʻi diabetes inā ʻoi nui ʻoe (ʻo ka nui o ke kino i ʻoi aku ma mua o 25) a hāʻule i kekahi o nā ʻano aʻe:

• He lāhui kūpilikiʻi nui ʻoe (ʻAmelika-ʻAmelika, Latino, ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ʻAilana Pākīpika, ʻAsia-ʻAmelika, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe).
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe ke koko kiʻekiʻe, triglycerides kiʻekiʻe, low HDL cholesterol, a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi puʻuwai.
• He moʻolelo ʻohana ou no ka maʻi diabetes.
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi moʻolelo pilikino o nā pae kō kō a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona o ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka insulin.
• ʻAʻole ʻoe e komo i ka hana hoʻoikaika kino maʻamau.
• He wahine ʻoe me ka moʻaukala o polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) a i ʻole ka mimikō hānau.

Paipai pū ka ADA iā ʻoe e hana i kahi hoʻokolohua kō kō mua inā ʻoi aku ʻoe i ka makahiki 45. Kōkua kēia iā ʻoe e hoʻokumu i kahi laina no nā pae kō kō. Ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o kou makaʻi no ka maʻi kō me ka makahiki, hiki i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike i kāu mau manawa no ka hoʻomohala ʻana iā ia.

Nā ho'āʻo koko no ka maʻi kō

Hōʻike A1c

ʻAe ke kauka koko i kahi kauka e hoʻoholo i nā kiʻekiʻe o ke kō kō i loko o ke kino. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo A1c kekahi o nā mea maʻamau no ka mea ua hoʻoholo nā hopena i nā pae kō kō i ka manawa, a ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e wikiwiki.

ʻIʻike ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻo ia ka hōʻike hemoglobin glycated. Ana ʻia ka nui o ka glucose i hoʻopili ʻia iā ia iho i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula i kou kino ma mua o ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mahina.

Ma muli o ke ola o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula ma kahi o ʻekolu mau mahina, ana ke ana o ka A1c i kāu kō kō koko awelika no ʻekolu mau mahina. Pono ka hōʻoia i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i kahi koko liʻiliʻi. Ana ʻia nā hopena ma ka pākēneka:

• Nā hualoaʻa ma lalo o 5.7 pakeneka he maʻamau.
• Nā hualoaʻa ma waena o 5.7 a me 6.4 pakeneka e hōʻike i ka prediabetes.
• Nā hualoaʻa kaulike a ʻoi aku paha ma mua o 6.5 pakeneka e hōʻike nei i ka maʻi kō.

Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā hoʻokolohua lab e ka National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program (NGSP). ʻO kēia ka manaʻo inā he aha ka lab e hana ai i ka hoʻokolohua, like nā ʻano e hoʻāʻo ai i ke koko.

Wahi a ka National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, ʻo nā hōʻike wale nō i ʻae ʻia e ka NGSP e pono e noʻonoʻo pono ʻia e ʻike pono ai i ka maʻi kō.

Loaʻa i kekahi poʻe i nā hopena ʻokoʻa e hoʻohana ana i ka hōʻike A1c. Hoʻopili kēia i nā wahine hāpai a i ʻole nā ​​poʻe me kahi ʻano hemoglobin kūikawā i kūpono ʻole nā ​​hopena hōʻike. E ʻōlelo paha kāu kauka i nā hoʻokolohua diabetic alternate i kēia ʻano.

Hōʻaʻo kō kō kō ʻole

ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua kō kō kōkō kolohe e pili ana i ke kahakaha ʻana i ke koko i kēlā me kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe mea i ka wā āu i ʻai hope ai. Nā hualoaʻa like a ʻoi aku paha ma mua o 200 milligrams per deciliter (mg / dL) hōʻike i ka maʻi diabetes.

Hoʻāʻo hoʻokēʻai kō kō

ʻO ka hoʻokēʻai ʻana i nā hōʻoia kō kō e pili ana i ka huki ʻia ʻana o kou koko ma hope o ka hoʻokē ʻai ʻana i ka pō, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻai ʻole no 8 a 12 mau hola.

• Nā hualoaʻa ma lalo o 100 mg / dL maʻamau.
• Nā hualoaʻa ma waena o 100 a me 125 mg / dL hōʻike prediabetes.
• Loaʻa nā hualoaʻa ma mua o 126 mg / dL ma hope o nā hōʻike ʻelua e hōʻike i ka maʻi diabetes.

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka ʻaukā glucose

Hana ʻia ka hōʻike glucose glucose (OGTT) ma kahi o ʻelua mau hola. Hoʻomaʻo ʻia kāu kō kō i ka mua, a laila hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i kahi inu kō. Ma hope o ʻelua mau hola, hoʻāʻo hou ʻia kāu pae kō kō.

• Nā hualoaʻa ma lalo o 140 mg / dL maʻamau.
• Nā hualoaʻa ma waena o 140 a me 199 mg / dL hōʻike prediabetes.
• Nā hualoaʻa kaulike a ʻoi aku paha ma mua o 200 mg / dL hōʻike i ka maʻi kō.

ʻImi i ka mimi no ka maʻi kō

ʻAʻole hoʻohana mau ʻia nā hōʻike mimi e ʻike pono i ka maʻi kō. Hoʻohana pinepine nā kauka iā lākou inā manaʻo lākou he maʻi diabetes type 1 kāu. Hana ke kino i nā kino ketone ke hoʻohana ʻia ka momona no ka ikehu ma kahi o ke kō kō. Hiki i nā keʻena hoʻokolohua ke hoʻāʻo i ka mimi no kēia mau kino ketone.

Inā loaʻa nā kino ketone i ke kaulike a nui i ka mimi, hiki i kēia ke hōʻike i kou kino ʻaʻole lawa ka nui o ka insulin.

Nā hoʻāʻo diabetes gestational

Hiki ke hana i ka maʻi diabetes Gestational ke hāpai ka wahine. Hōʻike ka ADA i nā wahine me nā kumu pilikia e pono e hoʻāʻo no ka maʻi kō i kā lākou kipa mua ʻana e ʻike inā he maʻi kō ko lākou. Hana ka maʻi diabetes gestational i ka lua a me ke kolu o ka trimester.

Hiki i nā kauka ke hoʻohana i ʻelua ʻano o nā hoʻokolohua e kuhikuhi ai i ka maʻi kō.

ʻO ka mea mua kahi hoʻāʻo wīwī glucose mua. Pili kēia hōʻike i ka inu ʻana i kahi hopena syrup glucose. Kuhi ʻia ke koko ma hope o hoʻokahi hola e ana i nā pae kō kō. ʻO ka hopena o 130 i ka 140 mg / dL a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi i manaʻo ʻia he maʻamau. ʻO kahi heluhelu kiʻekiʻe aʻe ma mua o ka maʻamau e hōʻike i ka pono no ka hoʻāʻo hou.

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana i ka glucose e pili ana i ka ʻai ʻole ʻana i kekahi mea i ka pō hoʻokahi. Ana ʻia kahi pae kō kō mua. A laila inu ka mea e kali nei i kahi hopena kō-kiʻekiʻe. Nānā ʻia ke kō kō i kēlā me kēia hora no ʻekolu mau hola. Inā loaʻa i kahi wahine ʻelua aʻoi aku paha kiʻekiʻe aʻe ma mua o ka heluhelu maʻamau, hōʻike nā hopena i ka maʻi diabetes.

ʻO ka lua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hana ana i ka hoʻāʻo tolerance glucose ʻelua hola, e like me ka hōʻike ma luna. ʻO kahi kumukūʻai ma waho o ka palena he diagnostic no ka diabetes diabetes hāpai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia hōʻoia.