COVID-19 vs. SARS: Pehea lākou e ʻokoʻa ai?

Anter

• He aha ka coronavirus?
• He aha ka SARS?
• Pehea kaʻokoʻa o COVID-19 mai ka SARS?
• Nā ʻōuli
• Kaumaha
• Ka hoʻouna ʻana
• Nā mea kūpale
• Hoʻopaʻa paʻa
• E lōʻihi paha ka lōʻihi o COVID-19 ma mua o SARS?
• Ke laina lalo

Ua hōʻano hou ʻia kēia ʻatikala ma ʻApelila 29, 2020 e hoʻopili i nā hōʻailona hou aʻe o ka coronavirus 2019.

ʻO COVID-19, ka mea i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka coronavirus hou, ke hoʻomalu nei i ka nūhou i kēia mau lā. Eia nō naʻe, ua kamaʻāina paha ʻoe me ka huaʻōlelo coronavirus i ka manawa o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi nui loa (SARS) i ka makahiki 2003.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo COVID-19 a me SARS e nā coronaviruses. ʻO ka maʻi virus i kumu i ka SARS ʻike ʻia ʻo SARS-CoV, ʻoiai ʻo ka maʻi ke kumu COVID-19 i ʻike ʻia ʻo SARS-CoV-2. Aia kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā coronavirus kanaka.

ʻOiai ko lākou inoa like, aia kekahi mau mea ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā coronavirus i kumu ʻo COVID-19 a me SARS. E hoʻomau i ka heluhelu i kā mākou mākaʻikaʻi ʻana i nā coronaviruses a pehea lākou e hoʻohālikelike ai kekahi i kekahi.

He aha ka coronavirus?

ʻO Coronaviruses kahi ʻohana ʻokoʻa loa o nā virus. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi pae hoʻokipa nui, e hoʻopili pū me nā kānaka. Eia nō naʻe, ʻike ʻia ka nui loa o nā ʻokoʻa coronavirus.

Loaʻa i nā Coronaviruses kahi wīwī spiky ma ko lākou ʻili e like me nā lei aliʻi. ʻO ke kumu o Corona he "lei aliʻi" ma ka ʻōlelo Lākina - a ʻo ia ka inoa o kēia ʻohana virus.

ʻO ka hapanui o ka manawa, hana nā coronavirus o kānaka i nā maʻi hanu ʻoluʻolu e like me ke anuanu maʻamau. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻehā mau ʻano o nā coronaviruses kanaka ke kumu o nā maʻi respiratory respiratory luna i nā mākua.

Hiki ke kū mai kahi ʻano coronavirus hou ke hoʻomohala ʻia kahi coronavirus holoholona i ka hiki ke hoʻoili i kahi maʻi i nā kānaka. Ke hoʻoili ʻia nā mikamina mai kahi holoholona i kahi kanaka, kapa ʻia ka zoonotic transmission.

Hiki i nā Coronavirus ke lele i nā mea hoʻokipa kanaka ke hana i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi. Hiki i kēia ke kumu o nā ʻano like ʻole, e like me ka nele o nā kānaka i ka pale o ka maʻi hou. Eia kekahi mau laʻana o ia mau coronavirus:

• ʻO SARS-CoV, ka maʻi maʻi i hoʻokumu iā SARS, i ʻike mua ʻia i ka makahiki 2003
• MERS-CoV, ka maʻi hoʻomaʻamaʻa i hoʻokumu i ka Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), i ʻike mua ʻia ma 2012
• ʻO SARS-CoV-2, ka maʻi hoʻomaʻamaʻa e kū ai i ka COVID-19, i ʻike mua ʻia i ka 2019

He aha ka SARS?

ʻO SARS ka inoa o ka maʻi hanu i hoʻokumu ʻia e SARS-CoV. Kū ka inoa ʻo SARS no ka maʻi hanu hanu koʻikoʻi.

Ua kū ka ulia SARS ākea mai ka hopena o 2002 a mid-2003. I kēia manawa, ua maʻi a make ka 774 poʻe.

ʻO ke kumu o ka SARS-CoV i manaʻo ʻia he ʻōpeʻapeʻa. Manaʻo ʻia ua hala ka maʻi mai nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa i kahi mea hoʻokipa holoholona waena, ka pōpoki civet, ma mua o ka lele ʻana i nā kānaka.

ʻO ka fiva kekahi o nā ʻōuli mua o ka SARS. Hiki pū paha kēia me nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe, e like me:

• ʻūhā
• malaise a luhi paha
• ʻeha ke kino a ʻeha hoʻi

Hiki ke hōʻeha i nā ʻōuli hanu, hiki i ka hanu liʻiliʻi. Holomua wikiwiki nā hihia koʻikoʻi, e alakaʻi ana i ka pneumonia a i ʻole ka ʻeha hanu.

Pehea kaʻokoʻa o COVID-19 mai ka SARS?

ʻAno like ʻo COVID-19 a me SARS i nā ʻano he nui. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻelua:

• nā maʻi hanu i hoʻokumu ʻia e coronaviruses
• i hoʻokumu ʻia i nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa, ke lele nei i nā kānaka ma o ka hoʻokipa holoholona waena
• hohola ʻia e nā droplets hanu i hana ʻia i ka wā e puʻupuʻu ai a huʻu ʻia ai ke kanaka me ka virus, a i ʻole e hoʻopili ʻia me nā mea i hoʻohaumia ʻia a i ʻole nā ​​papa hele.
• loaʻa ke kūpaʻa like i ka lewa a ma nā papa like ʻole
• hiki ke alakaʻi i kahi maʻi maʻi nui paha, i kekahi manawa e koi ana i ka oxygen a i ʻole ka ʻenekini mechanical
• hiki ke loaʻa nā hōʻailona ma hope ma ka maʻi
• he mau pūʻulu pilikia like paha, e like me nā mākua a me nā mea me nā kūlana olakino
• ʻaʻohe mālama kūikawā a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau āpau

Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa nā maʻi ʻelua a me nā virus i kumu iā lākou i kekahi mau ʻano nui. E nānā pono kākou.

Nā ʻōuli

Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, like nā ʻōuli o COVID-19 a me SARS. Akā aia kekahi mau ʻokoʻa maalea.

Kaumaha

Ua manaʻo ʻia e pono e hōʻola ʻia nā poʻe me COVID-19 i ka haukapila no ka lāʻau. ʻO ka pākēneka liʻiliʻi o kēia hui e pono ai ka ea ea.

Ua ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā hihia SARS, ma ka laulā. Ua koho ʻia o ka poʻe me ka SARS koi ʻia ka ea ea.

ʻO nā kuhi o ka helu make o COVID-19 ʻokoʻa loa e pili ana i nā mea like me ka wahi a me nā ʻano o ka heluna kanaka. ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ua helu ʻia nā helu make no COVID-19 ma waena o 0.25 a me 3 pākēneka.

ʻOi aku ka make ʻo SARS ma mua o COVID-19. ʻO ke kuhi helu makepono e pili ana.

Ka hoʻouna ʻana

Kuhi ʻia ʻo COVID-19 ma mua o SARS. ʻO kahi wehewehe kūpono ka nui o ka maʻi, a i ʻole ka hoʻouka viral, ke kiʻekiʻe loa i ka ihu a me ka puʻu o ka poʻe me COVID-19 ma hope koke iho o ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻōuli.

He ʻokoʻa kēia i ka SARS, kahi i piʻi ai nā kaumaha viral ma hope ma hope o ka maʻi. Hōʻike kēia i ka poʻe me COVID-19 i hiki ke lawe i ka maʻi i ka wā ma mua o ka maʻi, e like me ka ulu ʻana o kā lākou mau hōʻailona, ​​akā ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana e hoʻonui.

Wahi a ka, hōʻike kekahi noiʻi e hiki ke hoʻolaha ʻia ʻo COVID-19 e ka poʻe hōʻike ʻole i nā ʻōuli.

ʻO kekahi ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā maʻi ʻelua ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo aia kekahi mau hihia i hōʻike ʻia no ka lawe ʻana o SARS ma mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ʻōuli.

Nā mea kūpale

ʻO kahi o ka ʻike piha piha (genome) o nā laʻana SARS-CoV-2 i ʻike ʻia ua pili loa ka maʻi i nā cor coravavirus ma mua o ka maʻi SARS. ʻO ka coronavirus hou he 79 pākēneka kūlike i like me ka maʻi maʻi SARS.

Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka pūnaewele hoʻopaʻa paʻa o SARS-CoV-2 i nā coronavirus ʻē aʻe. E hoʻomanaʻo i ke komo ʻana i kahi hunaola, pono e launa pū kekahi mea hoʻomaʻi me nā protein i ka ʻili o ka cell (nā mea loaʻa). Hana ka virus i kēia ma o nā proteins ma luna ponoʻī.

I ke kālailai ʻia ʻana o ke kaʻina protein i ka pūnaewele hoʻopaʻa paʻa o ka resortor SARS-CoV-2, ua loaʻa kahi hopena hoihoi. ʻOiai ʻo SARS-CoV-2 ka mea i like a like me ka cor coronavirus, ua like ke ʻano o ka pūnaewele paʻa me ka SARS-CoV.

Hoʻopaʻa paʻa

Ke hoʻomau nei nā noiʻi e ʻike pehea e hoʻopaʻa ai ka coronavirus hou a komo i nā pūnaewele i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka maʻi SARS. Ua ʻano ʻokoʻa nā hopena. He mea nui nō hoʻi e hoʻomaopopo i ka noiʻi ʻana ma lalo nei i hana wale ʻia me nā protein a ʻaʻole i loko o ka pōʻaiapili o kahi virus āpau.

Ua hoʻokūpaʻa kahi noiʻi hou e hoʻohana ana ka SARS-CoV-2 a me ka SARS-CoV i ka receptor pūnaewele like. Ua ʻike pū ʻia, no nā virus ʻelua, nā protein proteins i hoʻohana ʻia no ke komo ʻana o ka cell host i ka receptor me ka paʻa like (pili).

Hoʻohālikelike kekahi i ka ʻāpana kikoʻī o ka pūmua viral ke kuleana no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka mea loaʻa pūkaʻina hoʻokipa. Ua ʻike ʻia ka paʻa ʻana o ka pūnaewele paʻa paʻa o SARS-CoV-2 i ka receptor pūnaewele host me kahi kiʻekiʻe aʻe pili ma mua o kā SARS-CoV.

Inā he ʻoi aku ka paʻa paʻa o ka coronavirus hou no kāna mea loaʻa hale lawe pūnaewele, hiki i kēia ke wehewehe i ke kumu o ka laha maʻalahi ʻana ma mua o ka maʻi SARS.

E lōʻihi paha ka lōʻihi o COVID-19 ma mua o SARS?

ʻAʻole i loaʻa nā maʻi SARS ākea. ʻO nā hihia i hōʻike hope ʻia a loaʻa ʻia i loko o kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua. ʻAʻohe hihia hou aʻe i hōʻike ʻia mai ia manawa.

Ua loaʻa maikaʻi ʻo SARS i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ana olakino lehulehu, e like me:

• ka ʻike mua ʻana i ka hihia a me ke kaʻawale
• ka huli ʻana a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana
• ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa kaiāulu

E kōkua ana i ka hana ʻana i nā ana like i COVID-19 e hele? I kēia hihia, ʻoi aku paha ka paʻakikī.

ʻO kekahi mau mea i hāʻawi i COVID-19 e pili ana no ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻopili ʻana i kēia mau mea:

• o nā poʻe me COVID-19 i loaʻa i kahi maʻi akahai. ʻAʻole paha ʻike kekahi he maʻi lākou. He mea paʻakikī kēia e hoʻoholo ai i ka mea i maʻi a ʻo wai ka ʻole.
• ʻO ka poʻe me COVID-19 e hōʻike ana e hoʻokahe i ka maʻi ma mua i ka papa o ko lākou maʻi ma mua o ka poʻe me ka SARS. He mea paʻakikī kēia e ʻike i ka mea i loaʻa ka maʻi maʻi a hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou ma mua o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i kekahi poʻe ʻē aʻe.
• Hoʻolahalaha maʻalahi ʻo COVID-19 ma waena o nā kaiāulu. ʻAʻole kēia ka hihia me SARS, ka mea i hoʻolaha pinepine ʻia i nā hoʻonohonoho mālama ola.
• ʻOi aku mākou pili pili honua ma mua o ka makahiki 2003, e maʻalahi ana no ka hoʻolaha ʻana o COVID-19 ma waena o nā wahi a me nā ʻāina.

ʻO kekahi mau mea ʻino, e like me ka maʻi palū a me ke anuanu maʻamau, e hāhai i nā lau kau. Ma muli o kēia, aia ka nīnau inā e hele aku ʻo COVID-19 i ka wā e mahana ai ke anilā. Inā hiki kēia.

Ke laina lalo

Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo COVID-19 a me SARS e nā coronaviruses. ʻO nā virus i kumu i kēia mau maʻi i hoʻomaka ʻia i loko o nā holoholona ma mua o ka lawe ʻia ʻana i nā kānaka e kahi hoʻokipa waena.

Nui nā mea like ma waena o COVID-19 a me SARS. Eia nō naʻe, he mau ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi kekahi. Hiki i nā hihia COVID-19 ke hōʻemi mai ka haʻahaʻa a ka paʻakikī, ʻoiai ʻo nā hihia SARS, ma ke ʻano he nui aku. Akā ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o COVID-19. Aia kekahi mau ʻokoʻa i nā ʻōuli ma waena o nā maʻi ʻelua.

ʻAʻole i loaʻa kahi hihia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia o SARS mai 2004, e like me nā hana olakino olakino koʻikoʻi i hoʻokō ʻia e laha ai kona hoʻolaha. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o COVID-19 e paʻa no ka mea ʻo ka maʻi hoʻomaʻamaʻa ke kumu e pālahalaha aku ai kēia maʻi a hana pinepine i nā ʻōuli akahai.