He aha ka Cytology a he aha ia

Anter

• Nā ʻano nui
• 1. ʻO Cytology aspiration o ka thyroid
• 2. ʻO cytology aspiration umauma
• 3. Pap smear
• 4. Cytology o nā huna hanu
• 5. ʻO Cytology o nā wai o ke kino

ʻO ka hoʻokolohua cytology ke kālailai ʻana i nā wai a me nā huna huna o ke kino, ma o ke aʻo ʻana o nā hunaola e hana i ka hāpana ma lalo o ka microscope, i hiki ke ʻike i ke alo o nā hōʻailona o ka mumū, maʻi, ke kahe ʻana a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hōʻike pinepine ʻia kēia hōʻike e kālailai i nā ʻike o nā cista, nā nodule, nā wai ʻokoʻa ʻole e hōʻiliʻili ʻia i nā lua o ke kino a i ʻole nā ​​huna huna e like me ka sputum. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano nui o ka cytology ka mea i hana ʻia i ka puncture aspiration o ka thyroid a i ʻole nā ​​nodule umauma, a me ka hoʻāʻo pap smear a i ʻole i ka makemake o nā huna hanu, no ka laʻana.

ʻOiai hiki i ka hoʻokolohua cytology ke loiloi i kekahi mau ʻano o nā loli, ua kapa ʻia ia ʻo cycology oncotic ke ʻimi pono ia i ke alo o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.

Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia he cytology a me ka mōʻaukala he mau hoʻāʻo ʻokoʻa, no ka mea loiloi ka cytology i nā ʻano o nā hunaola i loaʻa i kahi mea, loaʻa pinepine ʻia e kahi puncture, ʻoiai e hoʻopaʻa ana ka mōʻaukala i nā ʻāpana āpau o kaʻiʻo, hiki ke nānā i ka haku mele a me ka hoʻolālā o ka mea. ʻohiʻohi maʻamau ʻia ia e kahi biopsy, a ʻoi aku ka pololei o ka pololei. E nānā he aha ka biopsy a he aha ia.

Nā ʻano nui

ʻO kekahi mau laʻana o nā hoʻokolohua cytology:

1. ʻO Cytology aspiration o ka thyroid

ʻO ka thyroid aspiration cytology a i ʻole ka nila kuʻi maikaʻi (FNAB) o ka thyroid kahi hoʻāʻo nui loa e loiloi i nā nodule a me nā cyst thyroid, no ka mea hiki ke hōʻike inā he liona maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole paha.

I loko o kēia hōʻike, e kī ke kauka i ka nodule, i hiki ke alakaʻi ʻia e ultrasound, a loaʻa nā laʻana o nā hunaola i loaʻa iā ia. A laila, kau ʻia ka mea ma luna o kahi pāheʻe e kālailai ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope, a hiki hiki ke nānā inā loaʻa i nā pūnaewele nā ​​ʻano anomalos e ʻōlelo paha i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

No laila, pono ka cytology aspiration e alakaʻi i ke ʻano ʻoi loa o ka lapaʻau ʻana no kahi nodule, e hōʻike ana i ka pono no ka ukali wale ʻana, i nā hihia maikaʻi, ʻoki e wehe i ka thyroid, i nā hihia i manaʻo ʻia he malignancy, a me chemotherapy ke ʻike ʻia. maʻi ʻaʻai.

E ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i ka manawa e pono ai kēia hoʻokolohua a pehea e ʻike ai i nā hopena i ka hopena o Thyroid.

2. ʻO cytology aspiration umauma

ʻO ke kuʻi ʻana o ka umauma kekahi o nā ʻano pinepine o ka cytology a he mea nui loa no ka loiloi ʻana i nā ʻano o nā cista umauma a i ʻole nā ​​nodule, keu hoʻi ke ulu wikiwiki a hōʻike paha i nā ʻano kānalua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻomaopopo i ka makaʻu o ka umauma cyst i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

E like me ka puncture thyroid, hiki ke alakaʻi ʻia a hōʻemi ʻole ʻia ka hōʻiliʻili o ka hoʻāʻo e ka ultrasound, a laila hoʻouna ʻia nā mea i ke keʻena hoʻokolohua no ka hoʻokolohua cytology e loiloi i nā hunaola e hana i nā mea i makemake ʻia.

3. Pap smear

I kēia hoʻokolohua, hana ʻia nā ʻōpala a me ka palaki ʻana o ka cervix e hōʻiliʻili i nā laʻana o nā hunaola mai kēia ʻāpana, e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma kahi pāheʻe a hoʻouna ʻia i ka hale hana.

No laila, hiki i kēia hoʻokolohua ke ʻike i nā maʻi puʻupuʻu, STDs a me nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maʻi maʻi. ʻIke ʻia ka noiʻi ʻōnaehana maʻi ʻoiai he cercio oncotic cytology, kahi hōʻike nui loa ia no ka ʻike mua a me ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervix.

E nānā pehea e hana ai i ka hoʻāʻo Pap a hoʻomaopopo i nā hopena.

4. Cytology o nā huna hanu

Hiki ke ʻohiʻohi i nā huna hanu e like me ka sputum mai nā akemāmā a i ʻole nā ​​mucus nasal, maʻamau e ka ʻiʻini, e loiloi ʻia i ka hale hana. Nonoi pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano hoʻāʻo e hoʻāʻo e ʻike i ka microorganism e kumu ai i kahi maʻi, e like me fungi a bacteria paha, e like me ka tuberculosis bacillus, no ka laʻana. Hoʻohui ʻia, hiki iā ia ke nānā i ke kū ʻana o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai, ke koko a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona o ke alapiʻi.

5. ʻO Cytology o nā wai o ke kino

Hiki ke loiloi ʻia kekahi mau ʻano wai a me nā wai i loko o ke kino i ka hōʻike cytology, a ʻo kahi laʻana pinepine he cytology mimi, ke ʻimi nei i ke alo o nā maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​inflammations o ka urinary tract.

ʻO kekahi laʻana nui o ka cytology o ka ascitus fluid, kahi wai e hōʻiliʻili i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, ma muli o nā maʻi ʻōpū, e like me ka cirrhosis. Noi paha kēia hoʻokolohua e wehewehe i ke kumu o ka ascites, a e nānā no nā maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia pilikia ma nā mea ascites.

ʻO ka wai e hōʻiliʻili i ka pleura hiki ke hōʻiliʻili ʻia no ka cytology, ʻo ia ke ākea ma waena o nā membrane e pili ana i nā māmā, i ka pericardium, ʻo ia ka membrane e hoʻopuni ana i ka puʻuwai, a i ʻole ka wai e hōʻiliʻili i nā hono, no ka ʻo ke arthritis i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā maʻi autoimmune a infectious paha, no ka laʻana.