He aha nā maʻi puʻuwai congenital a me nā ʻano nui

Anter

• Nā ʻano nui
• 1. maʻi maʻi naʻau cyanotic Congenital
• 2. ʻO ka maʻi puʻuwai acyanotic Congenital
• Nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona
• Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

ʻO ka maʻi puʻuwai Congenital ka hemahema i ke ʻano o ka puʻuwai e hoʻomohala mau ʻia nei i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka makuahine, hiki ke hana i ka hōʻino ʻia o ka hana o ka puʻuwai, a ua hānau ʻia me ka hānau hou.

Aia kekahi ʻano o nā maʻi puʻuwai, hiki ke akahai a ʻike wale ʻia i ke ʻano makua, ʻoiai nā mea ʻoi loa, nā maʻi puʻuwai cyanotic, hiki ke hoʻololi i ke kahe o ke koko i ke kino. Hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa i nā kumu kūlohelohe, e like me Down Syndrome, a i ʻole ke kumu ʻia e ka ʻaihue ʻana i ka hāpai ʻana, e like me ka hōʻino ʻana i nā lāʻau, ʻalekohola, nā kemika a me nā maʻi o ka wahine hāpai.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā maʻi puʻuwai Congenital i ka kōpū o ka makuahine e ka ultrasound a me ka echocardiogram. Hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia kēia maʻi no ka mea hiki ke hana i kāna lapaʻau ma o ke kaha ʻana e hoʻoponopono i ka hemahema, ka mea e pili ana i ka ʻano a me ka paʻakikī o ka maʻi puʻuwai.

Nā ʻano nui

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā maʻi puʻuwai ma ke ʻano he:

1. maʻi maʻi naʻau cyanotic Congenital

ʻOi aku ke koʻikoʻi o kēia ʻano maʻi puʻuwai, no ka mea ʻo ka hemahema i ka puʻuwai hiki ke hoʻololi nui i ke kahe o ke koko a me ka hiki i ka oxygenation o ke koko, a, ke kaukaʻi ʻia i kona koʻikoʻi, hiki ke hana i nā ʻōuli e like me ka pale, ka uliuli o ka ʻili, nele. o ka ea, maʻule a me nā hoʻoluliluli a me ka make hoʻi. ʻO nā mea nui pū kekahi:

• ʻO Tetralogy o Fallot: pale i ke kahe o ke koko mai ka puʻuwai i nā akemāmā, ma muli o ka hui ʻana o 4 mau kīnā, ʻike ʻia e ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka kiwikā e hiki ai i ke koko ke hele i loko o nā akemāmā, ke kamaʻilio ma waena o nā ventricle naʻau, nā hoʻololi i ke kūlana o ka aorta a hypertrophy pono o ka ventricle pono;
• ʻO anomaly ʻo Ebstein: keakea i ke kahe o ke koko ma muli o nā anomalies i ka valve tricuspid, kahi e kamaʻilio ai i nā keʻena o ka puʻuwai kūpono;
• Pulseary atresia: ke kumu o ka loaʻa ʻole o ke kamaʻilio ma waena o ka puʻuwai kūpono a me nā akemāmā, e pale ana i ke koko mai ka oxygenated pono.

Ma ke kūpono, pono e ʻike ʻia ka maʻi puʻuwai cyanotic congenital i ka wā hiki wawe, a i ʻole i ka ʻōpū o ka makuahine a i ʻole ma hope koke iho o ka hānau ʻana, e hoʻohana ana i nā echocardiograms e ʻike ai i kēia mau hoʻololi ʻana o ka naʻau, e hoʻolālā i kahi hana, a pale i ka hopena o ka pēpē.

2. ʻO ka maʻi puʻuwai acyanotic Congenital

Kēia ʻano o ka maʻi puʻuwai ke kumu o nā loli i hana ʻole i nā hopena koʻikoʻi i ka hana ʻana o ka puʻuwai, a ʻo ka nui a me ka nui o nā ʻōuli e pili ana i ka paʻakikī o ka maʻi kīnā, mai ka loaʻa ʻole o nā ʻōuli, nā ʻōuli wale nō i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, i ka puʻuwai puʻuwai. .

Kaukaʻi ʻia i nā ʻōuli i hoʻokumu ʻia, hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau hoʻololi ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana, a i ʻole i ka wā makua. ʻO nā mea nui:

• Ka kamaʻilio interatrial (CIA): ke kamaʻilio kamaʻilio ʻole ma waena o ka atria cardiac, ʻo ia nā keena kiʻekiʻe loa;
• Ka kamaʻilio interventricular (IVC): aia kekahi hemahema ma waena o nā paia o nā ventricle, ke kumu o ka lawa ʻole o ke kamaʻilio ʻana o kēia mau keʻena a me ka hoʻohuihui ʻana o ke koko oxygenated a me non-oxygenated;
• Ductus arteriosus (PDA): kū maoli kēia kahawai i ka fetus e hoʻohui i ka ventricle ʻākau o ka puʻuwai i ke aorta, no laila ke hele nei ke koko i ka placenta a loaʻa ka oxygen, akā pono ia e pani koke ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. Hiki i kona kūpaʻa ke hana i nā pilikia i ka oxygenating ʻana i ke koko o ke keiki hānau hou;
• Atrioventricular septal hemahema (DSVA): ke kumu o ka lawa ʻole o ka kamaʻilio ma waena o ka atrium a me ka ventricle, e paʻakikī ana i ka hana naʻau.

Nānā ʻole i ke ʻano o ka maʻi puʻuwai congenital, inā cyanotic a i ʻole acyanotic, hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia he paʻakikī ke ʻeha ka puʻuwai mai kahi hui o kekahi mau kīnā e hoʻohuli nui i kāna hana, a ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī e mālama, e like me ka hana maʻamau ma ʻo ka tetralogy o Fallot, no ka laʻana.

Nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona

ʻO nā ʻōuli a me nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi puʻuwai e pili ana i ka ʻano a me ka paʻakikī o nā kīnā o ka puʻuwai. I nā keiki hānau hou a pēpē, hiki iā lākou ke:

• ʻO Cyanosis, ʻo ia ka waihoʻoluʻu poni ma ka manamana lima a i ʻole ma nā lehelehe;
• Hou ka hou;
• Ka luhi nui loa i ka wā o ka hānai ʻana;
• Pallor a me ke aloha ʻole;
• Haahaa ke kaupaona a me ka makemake hune;
• Ka hanu wikiwiki a me ka pōkole a hoʻomaha paha;
• Hoʻonāukiuki.

I nā keiki makua a makua paha, hiki i nā ʻōuli ke:

• ʻO ka puʻuwai wikiwiki a me ka waha poni ma hope o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana;
• ʻO nā maʻi hanu pinepine;
• Ka luhi maʻalahi e pili ana i nā keiki ʻē aʻe o ka makahiki like;
• ʻAʻole ia e hoʻomohala a loaʻa ʻole ke kaupaona maʻamau.

Hiki ke nānā ʻia nā hoʻololi i ka nui o ka puʻuwai, i hōʻoia ʻia ma o ka ninaninau x-ray a me kahi echocardiogram.

Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

Hiki ke hana i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi puʻuwai congenital me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau e kāohi ai i nā ʻōuli, e like me diuretics, beta-blockers, e hoʻoponopono ai i ka helu o ka puʻuwai, a me nā inotropes, e hoʻonui ai i ka ikaika o nā pā. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ke kauka lapaʻau definitive ka ʻoki kino no ka hoʻoponopono, kuhikuhi ʻia no ka aneane o nā hihia āpau, hiki ke hoʻōla i ka maʻi puʻuwai.

He nui nā hihia i hala e ʻike ʻia nā makahiki a hiki ke hoʻoponopono kūlohelohe i ka ulu ʻana o ke keiki, a hana i kona ola maʻamau. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hihia ʻoi aku ke koʻikoʻi i ka makahiki mua o ke ola.

Hoʻohui ʻia, he mau kīnā kīnā ʻole kekahi o nā syndrome genetic, a ʻo kekahi mau laʻana ʻo Down's syndrome, Alagille, DiGeorge, Holt-Oram, Leopard, Turner a me Williams, no ka laʻana, no laila, pono e loiloi i ka hana o ka puʻuwai inā he keiki ua ʻike ʻia me kēia mau maʻi.