Burn Evaluation

Anter

• He aha ka loiloi burn?
• He aha nā ʻano ahi ʻokoʻa?
• Pehea e hoʻohana ʻia ai kahi loiloi burn burn?
• He aha hou aʻe e hana ai i ka wā o ka loiloi i ka wela?
• Aia kekahi mea ʻē aʻe e pono iaʻu e ʻike e pili ana i ka loiloi burn?
• Nā kūmole

He aha ka loiloi burn?

ʻO ke kuni kahi ʻano ʻeha i ka ʻili a me / a i ʻole nā ​​aʻa ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka ʻili ka mea nui o kou kino. Pono ia no ka pale ʻana i ke kino i ka ʻeha a me ka maʻi. Mālama pū kekahi ia i ka mahana o ke kino. Ke hōʻeha a hōʻeha paha ka ʻili e kahi wela, hiki ke hōʻeha loa. ʻO nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe mai kahi palahu e komo pū paha me ka make wai nui loa (ka nalo ʻana o ka nui o ka wai mai kou kino), nā pilikia hanu, a me nā maʻi hoʻoweliweli ola Hiki i nā Burns ke hana i ka disfigurement mau loa a me ke kīnā ʻole.

Nānā kahi loiloi burn i ka hohonu o ka ʻili i hele aku kahi burn (degree of burns) a pehea ka nui o ka ʻāpana o ke kino i puhi ʻia.

Hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia nā Burns e:

• Wela, e like me ke ahi a i ʻole nā ​​wai wela. ʻIke ʻia kēia mau mea ma ke ʻano he wela wela.
• Nā kemika, e like me nā waikawa a me nā mea holoi. Hiki iā lākou ke hana i ke ahi inā pili lākou i kou ʻili a i ʻole nā ​​maka.
• Uila. Hiki iā ʻoe ke puhi i ke ahi ke hele i loko o kou kino.
• Kukui lā. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ka lā lā inā hoʻolōʻihi ʻoe i ka manawa i ka lā, keu hoʻi inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e komo i ka pale lā.
• Pāhawewe. Hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia kēia mau ʻano Burns e kekahi mau ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai.
• Pilikia. Ke ʻōpala ka ʻili i ka ʻili me ka ʻoʻoleʻa, hiki iā ia ke kumu i kahi abrasion (scrape) i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he wela. Puhi pinepine ka hakakā i ke kaʻa kaʻa paikikala a kaʻa paha i ka wā e ʻōpala ka ʻili i ke keʻehana. ʻO nā kumu ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka heʻe ʻana i lalo i kahi kaula me ka wikiwiki a hāʻule i lalo o kahi papa hana.

Nā inoa ʻē aʻe: ka helu kuniau

He aha nā ʻano ahi ʻokoʻa?

Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻano kuni i ka hohonu o ka ʻeha, i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano o ke kuni. ʻEkolu ʻano nui.

• ʻO ke ahi kēkelē mua. ʻO kēia ka ʻano ʻoi loa o ke ahi. Hoʻopili wale ia i ka papa o waho o ka ʻili, i ʻike ʻia ʻo epidermis. ʻO ke kunu ʻana i ke kēkelē mua ka mea e ʻeha ai ka ʻula a me ka ʻula, akā ʻaʻohe puʻupuʻu a i ʻole nā ​​ʻeha hāmama. ʻO kahi sunburn kahi ʻano maʻamau o ke kuni mua. Hele maʻamau ke kuni degere mua ma loko o hoʻokahi pule. Hiki i nā mālama ʻana ma ka home ke pulu i ka wahi i loko o ka wai anuanu a me ka ʻaʻahu ʻana iā ia me kahi kaula sterile. Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻino over-the-counter ke hōʻoluʻolu i ka ʻāʻī o ke ahi liʻiliʻi.
• ʻO ke kuni ʻelua kekelē, i kapa ʻia hoʻi he ʻāpana mānoanoa mānoanoa. ʻOi aku ka koʻikoʻi o kēia mau ʻā ʻana ma mua o ke kuni mua. Hoʻopili ka lua o ke kēkelē ʻelua i waho a me ka papa waena o ka ʻili, i ʻike ʻia ʻo dermis. Hiki iā lākou ke hana i ka ʻeha, ʻulaʻula, a me nā palapū. Hiki ke mālama ʻia i kekahi mau kuni ʻelua kekelē me nā kalima antibiotic a me nā bandage sterile. ʻO ke kuni ʻelua kekelē ʻoi loa e pono ai i kahi kaʻina hana i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻili. Hoʻohana kahi ʻili i ka ʻili kūlohelohe a i ʻole ʻimi hoʻopunipuni e uhi a pale i kahi ʻeha i ka wā e hoʻōla ai. Hiki i nā wela ʻelua ke hana i ka scarring.
• ʻO ke kuni ʻekolu kekelē, i kapa ʻia hoʻi nā puhi mānoanoa piha. ʻO kēia kahi ʻano koʻikoʻi nui loa o ka wela. Hoʻopili ia i ka papa waho, waena, a me loko o ka ʻili. ʻO ka papa o loko loa i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka papa momona. ʻO ke kuni ʻekolu kekelē e hoʻopōʻino pinepine i nā follicle o ka lauoho, nā puhū o ka hou, nā aʻa aʻa, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i ka ʻili. Hiki ke ʻeha loa kēia mau ʻāʻā. Akā inā ua hōʻino ʻia nā ʻalalā ʻehaʻeha ʻeha, aia paha he liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻohe ʻeha i ka mua. Hiki i kēia mau wela ke hana i nā scarring koʻikoʻi a pono e mālama pinepine ʻia me nā ʻōpala o ka ʻili.

Ma waho aʻe o ke ʻano o ke kekelē, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā puhi ʻia ma ke ʻano he liʻiliʻi, kaulike, a koʻikoʻi paha. Ma kahi kokoke i ke kuni ʻana i ke kēkelē mua a me ke ahi ʻelua. ʻOiai hiki ke ʻeha loa, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻopilikia i nā pilikia. ʻO kekahi mau ʻoihana ʻelua kekelē a me nā kuni pae kolu ʻekolu a pau i manaʻo ʻia he kaulike a koʻikoʻi paha. ʻO ke ahi kūpono a ʻeha hoʻi ke kumu o nā pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi a i kekahi manawa.

Pehea e hoʻohana ʻia ai kahi loiloi burn burn?

Hoʻohana ʻia nā loiloi Burn no ka nānā ʻana i ke ʻano kaulike a hōʻeha i ke ahi. I ka wā o ka loiloi burn, e nānā pono kāu kauka olakino i ka ʻeha. E ʻike ʻo ia i kahi pakeneka i manaʻo ʻia o ka nui o ka ʻili kino (TBSA) i puhi ʻia. Hiki i kāu mea hāʻawi ke hoʻohana i kahi hana i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he "rula o nā nines" e loaʻa ai kēia kuhi. Māhele ka lula o nines i ke kino i nā ʻāpana o 9% a i ʻole 18% (2 manawa 9). Mahele ʻia nā ʻāpana penei:

• Ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī: 9% o ka TBSA
• ʻO kēlā me kēia lima: 9% TBSA
• ʻO kēlā me kēia wāwae: 18% TBSA
• Kumu kumu (mua o ke kino) 18% TBSA
• Kumu hope (kua o ke kino) 18% TBSA

Rule o nines kuhi manaʻo ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia no nā keiki. He ʻokoʻa ka nui o ko lākou kino ma mua o ka poʻe mākua. Inā he kuni kāu keiki e uhi ana i kahi mehana i kahi ākea, hiki i kāu mea hāʻawi ke hoʻohana i kahi pakuhi, i kapa ʻia he palapala ʻo Lund-Browder, e koho ai. Hāʻawi kēia i nā kuhi kūpono hou aʻe e pili ana i ka makahiki o ke keiki a me ka nui o ke kino.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe a i ʻole paha kāu keiki ke kuni e uhi ana i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi, hiki i kāu mea hāʻawi ke hoʻohana i kahi kuhi ma muli o ka nui o ka palima, ma kahi o 1% o ka TBSA.

He aha hou aʻe e hana ai i ka wā o ka loiloi i ka wela?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ʻeha ʻeha koʻikoʻi, pono paha ʻoe i kahi loiloi pōpilikia i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he loiloi ABCDE. Hoʻohana ʻia nā loiloi ABCDE e nānā i nā ʻōnaehana kino kī a me nā hana. Hana pinepine lākou i nā ambulances, nā keʻena pilikia, a me nā haukapila. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou no nā ʻano kūpilikiʻi traumatic like ʻole, e like me ka ʻaʻa ʻana. Kū ʻo "ABCDE" no nā kaha penei:

• Alanui Airway. E nānā kahi mea mālama olakino no kēlā me kēia wahi i kāu alaloa.
• Ka hanu ʻana. E nānā kahi mea hāʻawi i nā ʻōuli o ka hanu pilikia, e like me ka puʻu ʻana, ka huehue ʻana, a i ʻole ke kani ʻana. Hiki i ka mea hāʻawi ke hoʻohana i kahi stethoscope e nānā i kou kani ʻana.
• Kaapuni. E hoʻohana kahi mea hoʻolako i nā hāmeʻa e nānā i kou puʻuwai a me ke kaomi koko. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻokomo i kahi paipu lahilahi i kapa ʻia he catheter i loko o kou aa. ʻO kahi catheter kahi paipu lahilahi e lawe i nā wai i kou kino. Hiki i nā Burns ke kumu o ka lilo o ka wai koʻikoʻi.
• Kīnā ʻole. E nānā kahi mea hāʻawi i nā hōʻailona o ka hōʻino o ka lolo. Hoʻopili pū kēia me ka nānā ʻana e ʻike pehea ʻoe e pane ai i ka hoʻonāukiuki waha a me ke kino.
• Hōʻike. Lawe kahi mea hāʻawi i nā kemika a i ʻole nā ​​mea kuni kuni mai ka ʻili ma ka holoi ʻana i ka wahi ʻeha me ka wai. Hiki iā ia ke kāʻei i ka wahi me kahi lole sterile. E nānā pū ka mea hāʻawi i kāu mahana, a hoʻomehana iā ʻoe me kahi kapa moe a me nā wai mehana inā pono.

Aia kekahi mea ʻē aʻe e pono iaʻu e ʻike e pili ana i ka loiloi burn?

ʻO nā Burns a me nā ahi ke kumu ʻehā o ka make makehewa ʻana o nā keiki a me nā mākua i ka US keiki ʻōpio, nā mākua makua, a me ka poʻe me ke kino kīnā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻeha a me ka make. Hiki ke pale ʻia ka hapa nui o nā ulia pōpilikia me kahi ʻano palekana maʻalahi. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• E hoʻonoho i kāu mea hoʻomehana wai i 120 ° F.
• E hoʻāʻo i ka mahana o ka wai ma mua o kou a ʻo kāu keiki e hele ai i loko o ka pahu wai a i ʻole kaʻauʻau.
• E hoʻohuli i nā lima o nā ipu hao a me nā ipu i ke kua o ke kapuahi, a i ʻole e hoʻohana i nā mea hoʻā hope.
• E hoʻohana i nā mea puhi uahi i kou home a nānā i nā pila i kēlā me kēia ʻeono mau mahina.
• E hōʻoia i nā kaula uila i kēlā me kēia mahina. Kiola i nā mea wili a ʻino hoʻi.
• E kau i nā uhi ma nā puka uila i hiki i ke keiki.
• Inā puhi ʻoe, mai puhi i kahi moe. ʻO nā ahi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka paka, nā paipu, a me nā cigake ke kumu nui o ka make ʻana i nā ahi hale.
• E akahele loa i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hoʻomehana lewa. E mālama iā lākou mai nā kapa moe, nā lole, a me nā mea lapalapa ʻē aʻe. Mai haʻalele iā lākou me ka mālama ʻole ʻia.

E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka hana hoʻomālamalama ʻana a i ʻole ka pale ʻana, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka olakino a i ʻole ka mea hāʻawi i kāu keiki.

Nā kūmole

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12. UW Ola [Pūnaewele]. Madison (WI): Ke Kulanui o Wisconsin Nā Haukapila a me nā Mana Haukino; c2019. Ka Lapaʻau Pilikino: Loiloi i Burns a me ka Hoʻolālā Hoʻomaha: Ke Rula o Nines; [hoʻohou ʻia 2017 Jul 24; i helu ʻia ʻo 2019 Mei 8]; [ma kahi o 3 pale]. Loaʻa mai: https://www.uwhealth.org/emergency-room/assessing-burns-and-planning-resuscitation-the-rule-of-nines/12698
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ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohana i ka ʻike ma kēia pūnaewele i pani no ka mālama olakino ʻoihana a ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo paha. Kāhea aku i ka mea mālama ola inā he nīnau kāu e pili ana i kou olakino.