He aha ka DNA Autosomal a me ka mea hiki iā ʻoe ke haʻi iā ʻoe?

Anter

• ʻO Autosomal domess vs. autosomal recessive
• ʻO Autosomal ka mea nui
• Ka hoʻoilina hoʻoilina
• Hoʻomaha hou ʻo Autosomal
• Ka hoʻoilina hoʻoilina
• Nā laʻana o nā kūlana maʻamau
• ʻO Autosomal ka mea nui
• Hoʻomaha hou ʻo Autosomal
• ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana ʻo Autosomal DNA
• ʻO ke kumukūʻai o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana
• ʻO ka lawe lawe ʻana

Ma kahi kokoke i nā poʻe āpau - me nā ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe - hānau ʻia me 23 mau pālua chromosome i hoʻoili ʻia mai nā mākua ma o nā hui pū ʻana o kā lākou 46 chromosome.

ʻO X a me Y, nā chromosome i ʻike nui ʻia, he ʻāpana ia o ka lua 23 o nā chromosome. Kāhea ʻia lākou he chromosome moekolohe no ka mea hoʻoholo lākou i ka moʻoolaola āu i hānau ai. (Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole maʻalahi kēia binary me he mea lā.)

ʻO ke koena o nā pālua 22 i kapa ʻia he autosome. ʻIke ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano he chromosome autosomal. Loaʻa nā Autosome a me nā chromosome moekolohe i ka nui o nā genes 20,000.

ʻO kēia mau genes he 99.9 pakeneka like like i kēlā me kēia kanaka. Akā ʻokoʻa iki i kēia mau ʻāpana e hoʻoholo ai i ke koena o kāu hanauna a me nā ʻano o nā ʻano.

ʻO Autosomal domess vs. autosomal recessive

Ma loko o kēia mau autosome 22 he ʻelua mau ʻāpana o nā gen i hala i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa a me nā kūlana mai kou mau mākua. Kāhea ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana he autosomal domant a me autesomal recessive. Eia ka haki wikiwiki o ka ʻokoʻa.

ʻO Autosomal ka mea nui

Me kēia mahele, pono ʻoe i hoʻokahi o kēia mau gen e hoʻoili ʻia iā ʻoe mai kekahi makua e loaʻa kēlā ʻano. He ʻoiaʻiʻo kēia inā inā he ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa kahi moʻokūʻauhau i ka autosome like a i ʻole kahi hoʻololi.

Ka hoʻoilina hoʻoilina

E ʻōlelo mākou i hoʻokahi wale nō kope o kou makuakāne o ka gen mutated no kahi kūlana autosomal domant. ʻAʻole kou makuahine. ʻElua mau mea e hiki ai ke hoʻoilina i kēia hanana, kēlā me kēia me ka 50 pākēneka hanana o ka hanana.

• Loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻāpana i loli ʻia mai kou makuakāne a ʻo kekahi hoʻi o nā genes ʻole i pili i kou makuahine. Loaʻa iā ʻoe ke ʻano.
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe ka moʻokūʻauhau i hoʻopili ʻole ʻia mai kou makuakāne a ʻo kekahi hoʻi o nā genes aloha ʻole o kou makuahine. ʻAʻohe ou ʻano, a ʻaʻole ʻoe he lawe.

I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, pono wale ʻoe i hoʻokahi o kou mau mākua e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi kūlana autosomal. I ke ʻano i luna aʻe nei, he 50 pākēneka kāu e loaʻa ai ke ʻano. Akā inā ʻelua mau gen i hoʻopili ʻia kēlā makua, aia he 100 pākēneka hiki ke hānau ʻia ʻoe me ia.

Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i kahi kūlana kūlana autosomal me ka loaʻa ʻole o nā mākua i kahi ʻāpana i hoʻopili ʻia. Hana ʻia kēia ke kū mai kahi hoʻololi hou.

Hoʻomaha hou ʻo Autosomal

No nā genes recessive autosomal, pono ʻoe i hoʻokahi kope o ka ʻāpana like mai kēlā me kēia mākua no ke ʻano a i ʻole ke ʻano e hōʻike ʻia i kāu genes.

Inā hele wale kahi makua i kahi ʻāpana no kahi ʻano recessive, e like me ka lauoho ʻulaʻula, a i ʻole ke ʻano, e like me cystic fibrosis, manaʻo ʻia ʻoe he lawe.

ʻO kēia ka manaʻo ʻaʻohe ou ʻano a kūlana paha, akā loaʻa paha iā ʻoe ka ʻāpana no kahi ʻano a hiki ke hoʻoili i kāu mau keiki.

Ka hoʻoilina hoʻoilina

I ke kūlana o kahi kūlana recessive autosomal, pono ʻoe e hoʻoilina i kahi ʻāpana i hoʻopili ʻia mai kēlā me kēia mākua i mea e loaʻa ai kēia ʻano. ʻAʻohe mea hōʻoia e hiki mai.

E ʻōlelo mākou i hoʻokahi o kāu mau mākua i hoʻokahi kope o ka ʻāpana e hiki ai i ka cystic fibrosis. ʻEhā mau mea hiki ke hoʻoilina, me kēlā me kēia me ka 25 pākēneka manawa kūpono o ka hanana.

• Loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ʻāpana i loli ʻia mai kou makuakāne a me kahi ʻaoʻao unaffected mai kou makuahine. He lawe ʻoe, akā ʻaʻohe ou ʻano.
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ʻāpana i loli ʻia mai kou makuahine a me kahi ʻaoʻao unaffected mai kou makuakāne. He lawe ʻoe akā ʻaʻohe ou ʻano.
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ʻaoʻao unaffected mai nā mākua ʻelua. ʻAʻohe ou ʻano, a ʻaʻole ʻoe he lawe.
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ʻāpana i hoʻopili ʻia mai nā mākua ʻelua. Loaʻa iā ʻoe ke ʻano.

I kēia hanana kahi i loaʻa ai i kēlā me kēia mākua kahi ʻāpana i hoʻopili ʻia, he 50 pākēneka ko kā lākou keiki ma ke ʻano he lawe, 25 pakeneka o ka loaʻa ʻole o ke ʻano a i ʻole he lawe, a he 25 pākēneka loaʻa i kēia ʻano.

Nā laʻana o nā kūlana maʻamau

Eia kekahi mau laʻana o nā kūlana maʻamau i kēlā me kēia mahele.

ʻO Autosomal ka mea nui

• Maʻi ʻo Huntington
• Maʻi ʻo Marfan
• makapō ʻulaʻula uliuli
• maʻi maʻi polycystic

Hoʻomaha hou ʻo Autosomal

• cystic fibrosis
• anemia maʻi ʻaʻai
• ʻO ka maʻi Tay-Sachs (ma kahi o 1 i 30 mau kānaka Iudaio Ashkenazi e hāpai ana i ka ʻāpana)
• homocystinuria
• Maʻi ʻo Gaucher

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana ʻo Autosomal DNA

Hana ʻia ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa DNA Autosomal ma ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi laʻana o kāu DNA - mai kahi pāpālina papaha, kuha, a i ʻole ke koko - i kahi wahi hoʻāʻo DNA. Nānā ka hale hana i kāu kaʻina DNA a kūlike i kāu DNA i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i hoʻouna i kā lākou DNA no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana.

ʻO ka nui o kahi hōkeo pūnaewele hōkeoʻikepili o DNA, ʻoi aku ka pololei o nā hopena. ʻO kēia no ka nui o ka wai o ka hale no ka hoʻohālikelike.

Hiki i nā hoʻokolohua DNA Autosomal ke haʻi iā ʻoe i nā mea he nui e pili ana i kou kūpuna a me kou manawa e loaʻa ai kekahi mau kūlana me kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka pololei. Hana ʻia kēia ma ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻano kikoʻī i kāu mau genes a kau iā lākou i nā hui me nā ʻāpana DNA ʻē aʻe i loaʻa nā ʻano like.

ʻO ka poʻe e kaʻana like i nā kūpuna like, e loaʻa iā lākou ke ʻano o nā ʻaoʻao autosomal. ʻO kēia ka hiki i kēia mau hoʻāʻo DNA ke kōkua i ka huli ʻana i kāu DNA a me ka DNA o nā mea pili iā ʻoe e hoʻi i kahi i hele mai ai kēlā mau genes, i kekahi manawa hoʻi i kekahi mau hanauna.

ʻO kēia kahi e hiki ai i kēia mau hoʻokolohua DNA ke hōʻike i kāu a me nā wahi o ka honua i hele mai ai kāu DNA. ʻO kēia kahi hoʻohana nui loa ʻia no ka kit DNA autosomal mai nā ʻoihana e like me 23andMe, AncestryDNA, a me MyHeritage DNA.

Hiki i kēia mau hoʻāʻo ke haʻi aku iā ʻoe me ka aneane 100 pākēneka ʻoiaʻiʻo inā he lawe ʻoe i kahi ʻano hoʻoilina a i ʻole iā ʻoe iho ke ʻano.

Ma ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻano i loko o nā ʻāpana ma kēlā me kēia chromosome autosomal ou, hiki i ka hoʻāʻo ke ʻike i ka hoʻololi ʻana, a i ʻole ka nui a i ʻole recessive, e pili ana i kēia mau ʻano.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā hopena o nā hōʻike DNA autosomal i nā noiʻi noiʻi. Me nā hōkeo nui o autosomal DNA, hiki i nā kānaka noiʻi ke hoʻomaopopo pono i nā kaʻina hana ma hope o nā hoʻololi genetic a me nā hōʻike gen.

Hiki i kēia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i nā mālama no nā maʻi kūlohelohe a alakaʻi i nā mea noiʻi kokoke i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā lāʻau.

ʻO ke kumukūʻai o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana

Hoʻololi ka nui o nā kumukūʻai hōʻoia DNA Autosomal:

• 23meMe. ʻO ke kumukūʻai kūpuna maʻamau he $ 99.
• KupunaDNA. ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua like mai ka ʻoihana ma hope o ka Ancestry.com pūnaewele moʻokūʻauhau e pili ana i $ 99. Akā pili pū kēia hōʻike i ka ʻikepili meaʻai e hiki ke haʻi iā ʻoe i nā meaʻai e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no kāu kaʻina DNA kikoʻī a me nā mea āu e maʻi ai a i ʻole he aha ka mea e hiki ai i nā pane inflammatory i kou kino.
• Kaʻohana Au. Kēia hōʻike like i 23andMe koina $ 79.

ʻO ka lawe lawe ʻana

Hāpai nā Autosome i ka hapanui o kāu ʻike a hiki ke haʻi iā ʻoe i nā mea he nui e pili ana i kāu kūpuna, kou olakino, a ʻo wai ʻoe ma ka pae pilikino biologically.

E like me ka nui o ka poʻe i lawe i nā hoʻokolohua DNA autosomal a ʻoi aku ka pololei o ka ʻenehana hoʻokolohua, ua ʻoi aku ka pololei o nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo. Ke hoʻomālamalama nei lākou i kahi o nā gen a nā kānaka i hele mai ai.

Manaʻo paha ʻoe he waiwai hoʻoilina kou ʻohana, akā hiki i kāu hopena DNA autosomal ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi ʻike granularʻoi aʻe. Hiki i kēia ke hōʻoia i nā moʻolelo o kou ʻohana a i ʻole hoʻokūkū i kou mau manaʻoʻiʻo e pili ana i ke kumu o kou ʻohana.

Ke lawe ʻia i kahi hopena logical, hiki i kahi database nui o DNA kanaka e ʻimi i ke kumu o nā kānaka mua a ma ʻō aku hoʻi.

Hāʻawi paha ka hōʻoia DNA Autosomal i ka DNA e pono ai e noiʻi e pili ana i kahi ʻano o nā kūlana genetika, ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou e hoʻopilikia nei i nā ola o nā kānaka, hiki ke mālama ʻia a hoʻōla ʻia paha.