E nīnau i ka mea loea: ʻIke a me ka mālama ʻana iā Hyperkalemia

Anter

• 1. He aha nā kumu maʻamau o hyperkalemia?
• 2. He aha nā lapaʻau e loaʻa ai no hyperkalemia?
• 3. He aha nā hōʻailona hōʻailona o hyperkalemia?
• 4. Pehea wau e ʻike ai inā loaʻa wau i ka hyperkalemia koʻikoʻi?
• 5. He aha kaʻu e hoʻokomo ai i kaʻu papaʻai e kōkua i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka potassium?
• 6. He aha nā meaʻai e pono ai iaʻu e hōʻalo ai?
• 7. He aha nā pilikia o ka hyperkalemia i hana ʻole ʻia?
• 8. Aia kekahi mau hoʻololi nohona ʻē aʻe i hiki iaʻu ke hana e pale aku ai i ka hyperkalemia?

1. He aha nā kumu maʻamau o hyperkalemia?

Hana ʻia ʻo Hyperkalemia ke kiʻekiʻe loa nā pae potassium i kou koko. Nui nā kumu o hyperkalemia, akā ʻo nā kumu nui ʻekolu.

• lawe ana i ka nui o ka potasiuma
• loli ka potassium ma muli o ke kahe o ke koko a i ʻole ka make wai
• hiki ʻole ke hoʻopuka kūpono i ka potassium ma o kāu mau puʻupaʻa ma muli o ka maʻi maʻi

ʻO nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka potassium e ʻike pinepine ʻia ma nā hopena lab. ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻo pseudohyperkalemia. Ke loaʻa ka heluhelu ʻana o ka potasiuma i kekahi, e nānā hou ke kauka iā ia inā he waiwai ʻoiaʻiʻo ia.

Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau ke kumu i nā pae potassium kiʻekiʻe hoʻi. ʻO kēia ka maʻa mau o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o kekahi me ka maʻi maʻi kōkō a koʻikoʻi paha.

2. He aha nā lapaʻau e loaʻa ai no hyperkalemia?

Nui a hewahewa nā koho no hyperkalemia. ʻO ka mea mua, e hōʻoia kāu kauka ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu ka hyperkalemia i nā loli o ka naʻau ma o ka loaʻa ʻana iā ʻoe i kahi EKG. Inā hoʻomohala ʻoe i kahi puʻuwai puʻuwai kūpaʻa ʻole ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pae potassium, a laila e hāʻawi kāu kauka iā ʻoe i ka lāʻau kalima e hoʻokūpaʻa i kou puʻuwai.

Inā ʻaʻohe hoʻololi o ka puʻuwai, e hāʻawi paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe ka insulin a ukali ʻia e kahi infusion glucose. Kōkua kēia i ka lawe koke ʻana mai i nā pae potassium.

Ma hope o kēia, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo i kahi lāʻau e wehe i ka potassium mai kou kino. Hoʻopili nā koho i kahi loop a thiazide diuretic lapaʻau a i ʻole kahi lāʻau cch exchanger. Loaʻa nā mea kūʻai cation i ka patiromer (Veltassa) a i ʻole ka sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma).

3. He aha nā hōʻailona hōʻailona o hyperkalemia?

ʻAʻohe pinepine nā hōʻailona hōʻailona o hyperkalemia. ʻO ka poʻe me ka hyperkalemia akahai a kaulike ʻole paha ʻaʻohe o lākou hōʻailona o ke ʻano.

Inā loaʻa kahi loli kiʻekiʻe o kekahi i kā lākou pae potasiuma, ʻike paha lākou i ka nāwaliwali o nā mākala, luhi, a nausea paha. Loaʻa paha i ka poʻe i nā loli EKG cardiac e hōʻike ana i kahi puʻuwai puʻuwai kūlike ʻole, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi me ka arrhythmia.

4. Pehea wau e ʻike ai inā loaʻa wau i ka hyperkalemia koʻikoʻi?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hyperkalemia koʻikoʻi, ʻo nā ʻōuli pū kekahi me ka nāwaliwali o nā mākala a i ʻole ka lōlō a me nā reflexes tendon i hōʻemi ʻia. Hiki i ka Hyperkalemia ke hana i ka puʻuwai puʻuwai kūpono ʻole. Inā hoʻololi kāu hyperkalemia i ka loli o ka puʻuwai, e loaʻa koke iā ʻoe ka lāʻau e hōʻalo ai i kahi puʻuwai puʻuwai i hiki ke alakaʻi ʻia i ka hopu ʻia o ka naʻau.

5. He aha kaʻu e hoʻokomo ai i kaʻu papaʻai e kōkua i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka potassium?

Inā loaʻa iā hyperkalemia, e aʻo nā kauka iā ʻoe e hōʻalo i kekahi mau meaʻai i kiʻekiʻe i ka potassium. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻoia e inu i ka wai he nui. Hiki i ka make wai ke hoʻonui i ka hyperkalemia.

ʻAʻole nā ​​meaʻai kikoʻī e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kāu pae potassium, akā aia kekahi mau meaʻai i loaʻa nā pae haʻahaʻa o ka potassium. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo nā ʻomela, hua, cauliflower, laiki, a me nā pasta nā meaʻai pāhare potassium haʻahaʻa āpau. Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui e kaupalena i kāu nui o ka hapa ke ʻai i kēia mau meaʻai.

6. He aha nā meaʻai e pono ai iaʻu e hōʻalo ai?

E nānā pono ʻoe e hōʻalo i nā meaʻai i kiʻekiʻe i ka potassium. Hoʻopili kēia i nā hua e like me ka maiʻa, kiwi, manga, cantaloupe, a me nā ʻalani. ʻO nā mea kanu i kiʻekiʻe i ka potassium me nā milo, nā tōmato, kaʻuala, broccoli, beets, avocados, kāloti, squash, a me nā pī lima.

Eia kekahi, ʻo nā hua maloʻo, limu, nā nati, a me nā ʻulaʻula e waiwai i ka potassium. Hiki i kāu kauka ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi papa inoa piha o nā meaʻai potassium kiʻekiʻe.

7. He aha nā pilikia o ka hyperkalemia i hana ʻole ʻia?

Hyperkalemia i mālama pono ʻole ʻia e hiki ke hopena i ka arrythmia koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ka hopu ʻia o ka naʻau a me ka make.

Inā haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hōʻike ana nā hopena o kāu lab i hyperkalemia, pono ʻoe e loaʻa koke i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. E nānā hou kāu kauka i kāu mau pae potassium e kāpae i ka pseudohyperkalemia. Akā inā he hyperkalemia kāu, e hele aku kāu kauka me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e lawe i kāu pae potassium i lalo.

8. Aia kekahi mau hoʻololi nohona ʻē aʻe i hiki iaʻu ke hana e pale aku ai i ka hyperkalemia?

Loaʻa ka hanana o hyperkalemia ma waena o ka lehulehu. Hiki i ka hapanui o ka poʻe ke ʻai i nā meaʻai momona o ka potassium a i ʻole ma nā lāʻau me ka ʻole o ka piʻi ʻana o ka potassium. ʻO ka poʻe e makaʻu nui nei i ka hyperkalemia ka poʻe me ka maʻi puʻuwai a koʻikoʻi paha.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke pale i ka maʻi ʻōpū ma ke alakaʻi ʻana i kahi nohona olakino. Hoʻopili pū kēia me ka kaohi ʻana i kou kaomi koko, ka hoʻoikaika kino ʻana, ka pale ʻana i nā huahana paka, ka palena ʻana i ka wai ʻona, a me ka mālama ʻana i kahi kaupaona olakino.

ʻO Alana Biggers, MD, MPH, FACP, he internist a he mea kōkua polopika no ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke Kulanui ʻo Medicine o ke Kulanui o Ilinoi-ʻoihana (UIC), kahi i loaʻa ai iā ia kona kekelē MD. Loaʻa iā ia kahi Master of Public Health i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi mai ke Kula Nui ʻo Tulane University of Health Health and Tropical Medicine a ua hoʻopau i kahi pilina olakino lehulehu ma nā Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). He hoihoi ʻo Kauka Biggers i ka noiʻi olakino olakino a loaʻa iā NIH i kēia manawa no ka noiʻi ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes a me ka hiamoe.