Hōʻike kolera - koko

ʻO Chloride kahi ʻano electrolyte. Hana ia me nā electrolytes e like me ka potassium, sodium, a me carbon dioxide (CO2). Kōkua kēia mau mea i ka mālama pono ʻana i nā wai o ke kino a mālama i ke kaulike acid-base o ke kino.

ʻO kēia ʻatikala e pili ana i ka hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i hoʻohana ʻia e ana i ka nui o ka chloride i ka mahele wai (serum) o ke koko.

Pono kahi laʻana koko. ʻO ka hapanui o ka manawa e huki ʻia ke koko mai kahi aa i waiho ʻia ma loko o ka kuʻe lima a i ʻole ka hope o ka lima.

Hiki i nā lāʻau he nui ke hoʻopilikia i nā hopena hōʻike koko.

• E haʻi aku kāu mea mālama ola inā pono ʻoe e hōʻoki i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau i mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia hōʻike.
• Mai kū a hoʻololi paha i kāu mau lāʻau me ke kamaʻilio ʻole mua ʻana i kāu mea hāʻawi.

Loaʻa paha iā ʻoe kēia hoʻokolohua inā he mau hōʻailona kāu e hoʻopilikia ʻia ka pae wai o kou kino a i ʻole ke kaulike acid-base.

Kauoha pinepine ʻia kēia hoʻāʻo me nā hoʻokolohua koko ʻē aʻe, e like me kahi paneli metabolic maʻamau a ākea paha.

ʻO kahi pae maʻamau maʻamau he 96 a 106 mau milliequivalents i kēlā me kēia lita (mEq / L) a i ʻole 96 a 106 mau millimoles i kēlā me kēia lita (millimol / L).

Hiki ke loli iki nā pae waiwai maʻamau i waena o nā hale hana ʻokoʻa. E kamaʻilio i kāu mea hāʻawi e pili ana i ke ʻano o kāu mau hopena hōʻike.

Hōʻike ka laʻana ma luna i ka pae ana maʻamau no nā hopena no kēia mau hoʻāʻo. Hoʻohana kekahi mau keʻena hoʻokolohua i nā ana like ʻole a i ʻole hoʻokolohua i nā hoʻohālikelike like ʻole.

ʻO kahi pae ʻoi aku ka nui o ka chloride i kāhea ʻia ʻo hyperchloremia. Pili paha ia i:

• Maʻi Addison
• Nā mea hoʻopalai Carbonic anhydrase (hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka glaucoma)
• Pohā
• ʻAtosis metabolabolic
• Alkalosis hanu (uku ʻia)
• Acidosis tubular hōʻino

Kapa ʻia kahi pae haʻahaʻa-ma-ka maʻamau o ka chloride i hypochloremia. Pili paha ia i:

• ʻO Bartter Syndrome
• Burns
• Hoka puʻuwai Congestive
• Make wai
• Nui ka hou ʻana i ka hou
• ʻO Hyperaldosteronism
• Alkalosis Metabolic
• Respiratory acidosis (compensated)
• Syndrome o ka huna diuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)
• ʻO ka luaʻi

E hana ʻia paha kēia hōʻike e kōkua ai i ka noho aliʻi ʻana a i ʻole ka hōʻoia ʻana.

• Neoplasia endocrine maha (MEN) II
• ʻO ka hyperparathyroidism kumu

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo chloride serum

• Hōʻaʻo koko

ʻO Giavarina D. Ke kālaikaola koko: ana i nā electrolytes plasma nui. I: Ronco C, Bellomo R, Kellum JA, Ricci Z, eds. Manaʻo koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi nephrology. ʻEkolu huaʻōlelo. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 54.

ʻO Seifter JR. Nā maʻi kūmole. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 25th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 118.

Tolwani AJ, Saha MK, Wille KM. Metabolic acidosis a me alkalosis. I: ʻO Vincent J-L, ʻo Abraham E, Moore FA, Kochanek PM, Fink MP, eds. Puke aʻo o ka mālama koʻikoʻi. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 104.