Hōʻike koko antigen kikoʻī prostost (PSA)

ʻO ka antigen kikoʻī Prostate (PSA) kahi protein i hana ʻia e nā hunaola prostate.

Hana ʻia ka hōʻike PSA e kōkua i ka pale a me ka hahai ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate i nā kāne.

Pono kahi laʻana koko.

E ʻike pono i kāu mea mālama ola ʻike i nā lāʻau āpau āu e lawe nei. ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau e hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i kāu pae PSA.

I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻaʻole pono nā hana kūikawā ʻē aʻe e hoʻomākaukau ai no kēia hōʻike. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e loaʻa kahi hōʻike PSA ma hope koke o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi maʻi urinary tract a i ʻole ke hana ʻana i kahi kaʻina hana a i ʻole ke ʻoki kino e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana urinary. E noi i kāu mea hāʻawi i ka lōʻihi o kou kali ʻana.

Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke ʻeha iki a i ʻole ka prick ke hoʻokomo ʻia o ka nila. Ma hope, loaʻa paha i kahi kūpikipiki a i ʻole ka ʻūlū iki. Hele koke kēia.

Nā kumu no ka hoʻāʻo PSA:

• Hiki ke hana i kēia hōʻoia e nānā ai no ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate.
• Hoʻohana ʻia ia e ukali i ka poʻe ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate e ʻike inā ua hoʻi mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
• Inā manaʻo ka mea hāʻawi ʻaʻole maʻamau ka gland prostate i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo kino.

NĀ MEA ʻ aʻe e pili ana i ka loiloi no CANCER PROSTATE

Hiki i ke ana ʻana i ka pae PSA ke hoʻonui i ka manawa o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate ke kakahiaka nui. Akā aia he hoʻopaʻapaʻa no ka waiwai o ka hōʻike PSA no ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate. ʻAʻohe pane hoʻokahi e kūpono i nā kāne āpau.

No kekahi mau kāne 55 a hiki i ka 69 o ko lākou mau makahiki, hiki ke kōkua i ka kānana ʻana e hōʻemi i ka make ʻana mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate. Eia nō naʻe, no nā kāne he nui, hiki i ka kānana ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana ke hōʻino ma kahi o ka pono.

Ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hoʻāʻo, e kamaʻilio me kāu mea hoʻolako e pili ana i ka maikaʻi a me ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hōʻike PSA. E nīnau e pili ana:

• Inā hōʻemi ka kānana ʻana i kou manawa e make ai mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate
• Inā paha he mea ʻino mai ka loiloi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate, e like me nā hopena ʻaoʻao mai ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a i ʻole ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ke loaʻa

Loaʻa i nā kāne ma mua o 55 mau makahiki ka manawa kiʻekiʻe o ka ulu ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate a pono e kamaʻilio me kā lākou mea hāʻawi e pili ana i ka PSA kānana inā lākou:

• Loaʻa i kahi moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate (ʻo ke kaikaina a makua kāne paha)
• ʻAmelika ʻAmelika

ʻAʻole hiki i ka hopena hōʻike PSA ke kuhi i ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate. ʻO kahi biopsy prostate wale nō ke hiki ke hōʻoia i kēia maʻi ʻaʻai.

E nānā kāu mea hāʻawi i kāu hopena PSA a noʻonoʻo i kou mau makahiki, ka lāhui, nā lāʻau āu e lawe nei, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻoholo ai inā he maʻamau kāu PSA a inā ʻoe e pono i nā hoʻokolohua hou aʻe.

Kuhi ʻia kahi pae PSA maʻa mau me he 4.0 nanograms no milliliter (ng / mL) o ke koko, akā ʻokoʻa kēia e nā makahiki:

• No nā kāne i ko lākou 50 a ʻoi paha, kahi pae PSA ma lalo o 2.5 i ka hapanui o nā hihia.
• ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka kiʻekiʻe o ka PSA ma mua o nā kāne ʻōpio.

Ua hoʻopili ʻia kahi pae PSA kiʻekiʻe i kahi manawa hoʻonui i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate.

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo PSA kahi mea hana nui no ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate, akā ʻaʻole ia he mea lapuwale. Hiki i nā kūlana ʻē aʻe ke piʻi aʻe i PSA, me:

• ʻO ka prostate nui aʻe
• ʻO ka maʻi Prostate (prostatitis)
• Maʻi ʻaʻai Urinary
• Nā hoʻokolohua hou loa i kāu bladder (cystoscopy) a i ʻole prostate (biopsy)
• Ua hoʻokomo ʻia i ka pahu Catheter i loko o kāu pahu wai e hoʻokahe i ka mimi
• ʻO ka launa hou ʻana a i ʻole ka ejaculation
• ʻO kolonekia hou

E noʻonoʻo kāu mea i kēia mau mea i ke koho ʻana i ka ʻanuʻu aʻe:

• Kou makahiki
• Inā he hōʻike PSA kāu i ka wā ma mua a pehea ka nui a me ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻololi o kāu pae PSA
• Inā loaʻa kahi lump prostate i kāu hōʻike
• Nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe āu e loaʻa ai
• ʻO nā kumu pilikia ʻē aʻe no ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate, e like me ka lāhui a me ka mōʻaukala ʻohana

Pono paha nā kāne i ka pilikia nui e loaʻa hou nā hoʻokolohua. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• Ke hana hou nei i kāu hōʻike PSA, i kekahi manawa ma waena o 3 mau mahina. Hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i ka lāʻau no ka maʻi prostate ma mua.
• E hana ʻia kahi biopsy prostate inā kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe PSA mua, a i ʻole piʻi mau ka pae ke ana hou ʻia ka PSA.
• ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua ukali i kapa ʻia he PSA manuahi (fPSA). Ana kēia i ka pākēneka o PSA i kou koko i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia i nā protein ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o ka pae o kēia hoʻokolohua, ʻo ka ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate.

E hana ʻia kekahi mau hoʻāʻo ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole maopopo ke kuleana maoli o kēia mau hoʻāʻo i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka lāʻau.

• ʻO kahi hōʻike mimi i kapa ʻia ʻo PCA-3.
• Hiki i kahi MRI o ka prostate ke kōkua e ʻike i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma kahi o ka prostate paʻakikī e hiki i ka wā o kahi biopsy.

Inā ua mālama ʻia ʻoe no ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate, hiki i ka pae PSA ke hōʻike inā ke hana nei ka lāʻau a inā ua hoʻi mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Pinepine, piʻi ka pae PSA ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi mau hōʻailona. Hiki paha kēia i mau mahina a mau makahiki paha ma mua.

ʻAʻohe pilikia iki i ka lawe ʻia ʻana o kou koko. ʻOkoʻa nā aʻa a me nā aʻa i ka nui mai kekahi kanaka a i kekahi, a mai kekahi ʻaoʻao o ke kino i kekahi ʻē aʻe. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka lawe ʻana i ke koko mai kekahi poʻe ma mua o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā pilikia ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ke kau ʻana o ke koko he liʻiliʻi, akā hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia:

• Kahe nui ke koko
• Nā punctures he nui e ʻimi i nā uaua
• Pāleʻale a ʻoluʻolu paha
• Hematoma (hōʻiliʻili koko ma lalo o ka ʻili)
• Maʻiʻaʻai (i iki kamepiula i kēlā me kēia manawa ka ʻili i haki)

ʻO ka antigen kikoʻī Prostate; Hōʻike loiloi maʻi ʻaʻai Prostate; PSA

• ʻO Prostate brachytherapy - hoʻokuʻu

• Hōʻaʻo koko

Morgan TM, Palapattu GS, Partin AW, Wei JT. Pahu maʻi ʻaʻai Prostate. I: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Partin AW, Peters CA, eds. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 11th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 108.

Pūnaewele ʻo National Cancer Institute. ʻO ka loiloi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai Prostate (PDQ) - mana ʻoihana olakino. www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/hp/prostate-screening-pdq#section/all. Hoʻohou ʻia ʻOkakopa 18, 2019. Loaʻa iā Ianuali 24, 2020.

ʻO EJ liʻiliʻi. Maʻi ʻaʻai Prostate. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 191.

ʻO ka Hana Hana Hana Hana Preventive US; Grossman DC, Curry SJ, et al. Ke nānā ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate: ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ka US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2018; 319 (18): 1901-1913. PMID: 29801017 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29801017.