Huikau

ʻO ka huikau ka hiki ʻole ke noʻonoʻo me ka maopopo a wikiwiki paha e like me kāu hana maʻamau. Hoʻoweliweli paha ʻoe a pilikia i ka nānā ʻana, hoʻomanaʻo ʻana, a me ka hoʻoholo ʻana.

Hiki koke mai ka huikau a lohi paha i ka holo ʻana o ka manawa, kaukaʻi ʻia i ke kumu. I nā manawa he nui, kūmau ka huikau no kahi manawa pōkole a hele aku. I nā manawa ʻē aʻe, paʻa ia a ʻaʻole hiki ke curable. Pili paha ia me delirium a dementia paha.

ʻO ka huikau ka mea maʻamau i nā poʻe mākua a hana pinepine ʻia i ka wā o kahi haukapila e noho ai.

He ʻano ʻē a ʻano ʻē paha ka hana a kekahi poʻe huikau a i ʻole hana kolohe paha.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka huikau e nā pilikia olakino like ʻole, e like me:

• ʻAlekohola a mea inu ʻona paha
• Tumo lolo
• Head trauma a poʻo poʻo paha (concussion)
• Fiva
• ʻO ke kaulike ʻole o ka wai a me ka electrolyte
• Ka maʻi i kahi kanaka makua, e like me ka nalo ʻana o ka hana lolo (dementia)
• Ka maʻi i loko o ke kanaka me nā maʻi neurological e kū nei, e like me ka maʻi hahau
• Nā maʻi ʻino
• Ka nele o ka hiamoe (hiamoe hiamoe)
• Koko kōpaʻa haʻahaʻa
• Nā pae haʻahaʻa o ka oxygen (no ka laʻana, mai nā maʻi maʻi maʻi mau)
• Nā Lapaʻau
• Nā hemahema kūpono ʻole, ʻoi aku ka niacin, thiamine, a me ka wikamina B12
• Ka hopu ʻana i nā maʻi
• Ka hāʻule koke ʻana o ka mahana o ke kino (hypothermia)

ʻO kahi ala maikaʻi e ʻike inā huikau kekahi e nīnau i ke kanaka i kona inoa, ka makahiki, a me ka lā. Inā maopopo ʻole a pane hewa paha lākou, huikau lākou.

Inā ʻaʻohe pilikia o ke kanaka, e kāhea i kahi lawelawe mālama ola.

ʻAʻole pono e waiho wale i kahi kanaka huikau. No ka palekana, pono paha i ke kanaka i kahi mea kokoke e hōʻoluʻolu iā lākou a pale iā lākou mai ka ʻeha. Kākaʻikahi wale nō, kēnā ʻia paha nā kaohi ʻana e ke kauka.

E kōkua i kahi kanaka huikau:

• E hoʻolauna mau iā ʻoe iho, ʻaʻohe mea i ʻike ke kanaka iā ʻoe.
• Hoʻomaopopo pinepine i ke kanaka i kona wahi.
• E kau i kahi kalena a me ka uaki kokoke i ke kanaka.
• E kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā hanana o kēia manawa a me nā hoʻolālā no ka lā.
• E hoʻāʻo e hoʻomalie i nā wahi a puni, mālie, a maluhia hoʻi.

No ka huikau hikiwawe ma muli o ke kō kō kō (me he laʻana, mai ka lāʻau diabetes), pono ke kanaka e inu i kahi mea inu momona a ʻai paha i kahi meaʻai māmā. Inā ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka huikau ma mua o 10 mau minuke, e kāhea i ka mea hāʻawi.

Kāhea iā 911 a i ʻole ka helu kūloko kūloko inā i hiki koke mai ka pioloke a i ʻole he mau hōʻailona ʻē aʻe, e like me:

• ʻIli anu a i ʻole clammy
• Pōpō a maʻule paha
• Pākuʻi wikiwiki
• Fiva
• ʻEha poʻo
• Hanu mālie a wikiwiki paha
• Haalulu ʻaʻano ʻole

Kāhea pū kekahi iā 911 a i ʻole ka helu kūloko kūloko inā:

• Ua hiki koke mai ka huikau i kekahi me ka maʻi kō
• Ua hele mai ka huikau ma hope o kahi ʻeha poʻo
• Lilo ke kanaka i ka ʻike ʻole i kēlā me kēia manawa

Inā ʻoe e ʻike nei i ka huikau, e kāhea i kahi manawa me kāu mea hāʻawi.

E hana ana ke kauka i kahi hoʻokolokolo kino a nīnau i nā nīnau e pili ana i ka huikau. E nīnau ke kauka i nā nīnau e aʻo ai inā ʻike ke kanaka i ka lā, ka manawa, a me hea ʻo ia. E nīnau ʻia nā nīnau e pili ana i nā maʻi hou a mau, a me nā nīnau ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā hoʻokolohua i kauoha ʻia e komo pū:

• Nā hoʻāʻo koko
• CT scan o ke poʻo
• Electroencephalogram (EEG)
• Nā hoʻāʻo kūlana noʻonoʻo
• Nā ho'āʻo Neuropsychological
• Nā hoʻāʻo mimi

Pili ka mālama ʻana i ke kumu o ka huikau. ʻO kahi laʻana, inā he maʻi ka mea e huikau ai, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi e pau paha ka huikau.

Disorientation; Ke noʻonoʻo nei - maopopo ʻole; Manaʻo - ao Ke kūlana noʻonoʻo i hoʻololi ʻia - huikau

• ʻO ka concussion i nā mākua - he aha e nīnau aku ai i kāu kauka
• ʻO ka concussion i nā keiki - he aha e nīnau ai i kāu kauka
• Dementia - he aha e nīnau aku ai i kāu kauka

• Lolo

ʻO Ball JW, Nā maʻi JE, Flynn JA, Solomon BS, Stewart RW. Kūlana noʻonoʻo. I: Ball JW, Dains JE, Flynn JA, Solomon BS, Stewart RW, hua. Ke alakaʻi a Siedel i ka hoʻokolohua kino. 9th ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2019: chap 7.

ʻO Huff JS. Huikau. I: Nā paia RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Nā Manaʻo Manaʻo a me ka hana lapaʻau. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 14.

Mendez MF, Padilla CR. Delirium. I: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. ʻO Bradley's Neurology i ka hana lapaʻau. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 4.