Ka mālama hānau a me ka hoʻolālā ʻohana

Pili kāu koho ʻana i ke kaohi hana hānau i nā kumu he nui, e like me kou olakino, i ka manawa pinepine o kou moekolohe ʻana, a inā makemake ʻoe i nā keiki ʻaʻole paha.

Eia kekahi mau nīnau e noʻonoʻo ai i ke koho ʻana i kahi hana kaohi hānau.

• Pehea ke ʻano hana e pale ai i ka hāpai keiki? E haʻi i ka maikaʻi o ke ʻano hana, e nānā i ka helu o nā hāpai ʻana ma 100 mau wahine e hoʻohana nei i kēlā hana ma kahi o 1 makahiki.
• He aha kou mau manaʻo e pili ana i ka hāpai ʻana? E hana ana kahi hāpai hāpai ʻole i ka pilikia a i ʻole ka pilikia i ka wahine a i kāna hoa paha? A i ʻole e hoʻokipa ʻia kahi hāpai keiki inā ua hele ma mua o ka hoʻolālā?
• Ehia mau kumukūʻai no ke kaohi hānau? Uku anei kāu hoʻolālā ʻinikua no ia?
• He aha nā pilikia olakino? E kamaʻilio e pili ana i kēia mau pilikia me kāu mea mālama ola ma mua o ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka mea āu e lohe ai mai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
• Makemake paha kāu hoa e ʻae a hoʻohana i kahi hana i hāʻawi ʻia o ka kaohi hānau?
• Makemake ʻoe i kahi hana e pono ai ʻoe e hoʻohana ke moe kolohe ʻoe? A i ʻole makemake ʻoe i kahi mea paʻa a hana mau?
• Pākuʻi ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi ma ka pili kolohe? ʻAʻole pale nā ​​ʻano he nui iā ʻoe mai nā maʻi i loaʻa i ka moekolohe (STI). ʻO Condoms ke koho maikaʻi loa no ka pale ʻana i nā STI. Hana maikaʻi lākou ke hui pū ʻia me nā spermicides.
• Loaʻa: Hiki ke hoʻohana i ke ʻano me ka ʻole o kahi kuhikuhi, kipa kahi mea hoʻolako, a i ʻole, i ka hihia o nā ʻōpio, ʻae ka makua?

NA MEA HANA O KA HANA HANAU

Nā Manaʻo:

• ʻO ka condom kahi hopena a lahilahi a i ʻole sheath polyurethane. Kau ʻia ka condom kāne a puni ka peni kū i luna. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka condom wahine ma loko o ka lua ma mua o ka moekolohe.
• Pono e komo i ka condom i nā manawa āpau i ka manawa o ka moekolohe ʻana e pale ai i ka hāpai keiki.
• Hiki ke kūʻai ʻia mai Condom i ka nui o nā hale kūʻai lāʻau a me nā mea kūʻai. Hāʻawi kekahi mau keʻena hoʻolālā ʻohana i nā condom manuahi. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe i kahi palapala e kiʻi i nā condom.

DIAPHRAGM A ME CERVICAL CAP:

• ʻO kahi diaphragm kahi kīʻaha kāpili maʻalahi e hoʻopihapiha ʻia me ka kirima spermicidal a i ʻole ka jelly.
• Hoʻokomo ʻia ia i loko o ka ʻōpū ma luna o ka cervix ma mua o ka moekolohe ʻana, i mea e pale aku ai i ka sperm a hiki i ka kōpū.
• E waiho ma kahi no 6 a 8 mau hola ma hope o ka moekolohe.
• Pono e kuhikuhi ʻia nā diaphragms e ka wahine hāʻawi. E hoʻoholo ka mea hāʻawi i ka ʻano pololei a me ka nui o ka diaphragm no ka wahine.
• Ma kahi o 5 a 20 mau hāpai hāpai e kū ma mua o 1 makahiki i 100 mau wahine e hoʻohana nei i kēia ʻano, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka hoʻohana kūpono.
• Kāhea ʻia kahi mea like, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka pāpale cervique.
• Hoʻopilikia nā pilikia me ka huhū a me nā hopena maʻi i ka diaphragm a i ʻole spermicide, a me ka hoʻonui pinepine ʻana o ka maʻi urinary tract a me ka maʻi hū ʻoi. I nā hihia maʻamau, hiki i ka wahine hōʻoki kūloko ke hoʻomaka i nā diaphragm i kahi lōʻihi. Hiki paha i kahi pāpale ke hoʻowalewale i kahi hōʻike Pap.

VAGINAL SPONGE:

• Palupalu nā spong contraceptive iwi, a loaʻa i kahi kemika e pepehi a i ʻole "hoʻopau" i ka sperm.
• Hoʻomaʻu ʻia ka huahu a hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū, e hoʻouhi ai ma ka cervix ma mua o ka moekolohe ʻana.
• Hiki ke kūʻai ʻia i ka huahuā wahine ma kāu kauka lāʻau me ka ʻole o ka lāʻau.

NA MEA HORMONAL O KE KANAWAI HANAU

Hoʻohana kekahi o nā hana hana hānau i nā hormones.E loaʻa iā lāua he estrogen a me kahi progestin, a i ʻole he progestin wale nō. Pono ʻoe i kahi kuhikuhi no ka nui o nā hana kaohi hānau hormonal.

• Pale nā ​​hormones ʻelua i ka ovary o ka wahine mai ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i kahi hua manu i kāna wā pōʻaiapuni. Hana lākou i kēia ma ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā pae o nā hormones ʻē aʻe a ke kino e hana ai.
• Kōkua nā Progestins i ka pale ʻana i ka sperm mai ko lākou ala i ka hua manu ma o ka hana ʻana i nā mucus a puni ka cervix o ka wahine a mānoanoa a paʻa.

Nā ʻano o ka hana hānau hānau hormonal e komo pū me:

• Nā lāʻau hoʻomalu hānau: Loaʻa paha kēia i ka estrogen a me ka progestin, a i ʻole ka progestin wale nō.
• Nā Helu: ʻO kēia nā koʻokoʻo liʻiliʻi i hoʻokomo ʻia ma lalo o ka ʻili. Hoʻokuʻu lākou i kahi lāʻau hoʻomau o ka hormone e pale i ka hoʻoipoipo.
• Hoʻokomo ʻia nā injection Progestin, e like me Depo-Provera, i loko o nā mākala o ka lima o luna a i ʻole ka ʻūlū hoʻokahi i kēlā me kēia 3 mahina.
• Kau ʻia ka pale o ka ʻili, e like me Ortho Evra, ma luna o kou poʻohiwi, kau, a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe ma ke kino. Hoʻokuʻu ia i kahi lāʻau hoʻomau o nā hormoni.
• ʻO ke apo wahine, e like me NuvaRing, he apo maʻalahi e pili ana i 2 ʻīniha (5 centimita) ākea. Hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka lua. Hoʻokuʻu ia i nā progestin a me ka estrogen.
• Ka lāʻau lapaʻau ulia pōpilikia (a i ʻole "kakahiaka ma hope"): hiki ke kūʻai ʻia i kēia lāʻau me ka ʻole o ka lāʻau i kāu lāʻau kūʻai lāʻau.

ʻIUD (INTRAUTERINE DEVICE):

• ʻO ka IUD kahi palaki liʻiliʻi a keleawe paha i waiho ʻia i loko o ka kōpū o ka wahine e kāna mea hāʻawi. Hoʻokuʻu kekahi mau IUD i nā progestin liʻiliʻi. E waiho ʻia nā IUD ma kahi no 3 a 10 mau makahiki, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka hāmeʻa i hoʻohana ʻia.
• Hiki ke kau ʻia nā IUD ma kahi o nā manawa.
• Palekana nā IUD a holo pono. Ma mua o 1 o 100 mau wahine i kēlā me kēia makahiki e hāpai e hoʻohana ana i kahi IUD.
• ʻO nā IUD e hoʻokuʻu i ka progestin no ka mālama ʻana i ke kahe o ka menstrual kaumaha a hoʻoliʻiliʻi i nā cramp. Hoʻokumu pū paha lākou i nā wā e pau loa.
  

NA MEA MAU O KE KANAWAI HANAU

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia mau hana no nā kāne, wahine, a me nā kāne a manaʻo lākou ʻaʻole makemake lākou e hānau keiki i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Hoʻopili lākou i ka vasectomy a me ka ligation tubal. Hiki ke hoʻohuli i kēia mau kaʻina hana i kekahi manawa inā makemake ʻia kahi hāpai i kekahi manawa hope. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe ka pae kūleʻa o ka hoʻohuli.

Nā Kaʻina Mana Mana hānau ʻaʻole hana maikaʻi loa

• ʻO ka haʻalele ʻana i ka peni mai ka ʻōpala ma mua o ka ejaculation hiki ke hopena i ka hāpai ʻana. Pakele pinepine kekahi mau mani ma mua o ka huki piha ʻana. Hiki ke lawa i mea e hāpai ai i kahi hāpai.
• ʻAʻole paha e holo ka moe ʻana ma hope koke iho o ka moekolohe. Hiki i ka sperm ke hala i ka cervix ma waena o 90 kekona. ʻAʻole i paipai ʻia ʻo Douching no ka mea hiki ke kumu i nā maʻi i loko o ka kōpū a me nā paipu.
• Hānai hānai: ʻoiai ʻo nā kaʻao, nā wahine e hānai ana i ka waiū hiki ke hāpai.

Pāʻālua; Ka hoʻolālā ʻohana a me ka pale keiki ʻana; ʻO Coitus interruptus

• ʻO ka pāpale o ka ʻōpū
• ʻO ka diaphragm
• ʻO ka pale pale wahine
• Hāmeʻa Intrauterine
• ʻO ka ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao ʻike o ka ʻōnaehana hānau wahine
• ʻO ka pale pale kāne kāne
• Nā mea hana lāʻau Hormone-based contraceptives
• ʻAlpuʻu tubal
• Kīwī poepoe
• Nā ʻano papahā o ka kaohi hānau - moʻo
• Ma mua a ma hope o ka vasectomy
• ʻO Tubigation ligation - Pūnaewele
• Pila pale hānau - moʻo

Ke KulanuiʻAmelika o nā Obstetricians a me nā Gynecologists. ʻO ka Bulletin Hoʻolālā ACOG Helu 206: Hoʻohana o ka contraceptive hormonal i nā wahine me nā ʻano olakino coexisting. ʻO Obstet Gynecol. 2019; 133 (2): 396-399. PMID: 30681537 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30681537/.

Komite no ka mālama olakino ʻōpio. Manaʻo Kōmike No 699: hāpai keiki ʻōpio, ka mea pale keiki, a me ka hana moekolohe. ʻO Obstet Gynecol. 2017; 129 (5): e142-e149. PMID: 28426620 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28426620/.

Curtis KM, Jatlaoui TC, Tepper NK, et al. Ua koho ʻo US i nā ʻōlelo aʻo hana no ka hana pale, 2016. ʻO MMWR Rekua Rep. 2016; 65 (4): 1-66. PMID: 27467319 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27467319/.

Harper DM, Wilfling LE, Blanner CF. Pāʻālua. I: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, eds. Puke aʻo o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻohana. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 26.

Jatlaoui TC, Ermias Y, Zapata LB. Pāʻālua. I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 143.

Rivlin K, Westhoff C. Hoʻolālā ʻohana. I: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, eds. Gynecology Comprehensive. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 13.