Ehrlichiosis

ʻO Ehrlichiosis kahi maʻi bacteria i hoʻoili ʻia e ka nahu o kahi kik.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Ehrlichiosis e nā hua bacteria i pili i ka ʻohana i kapa ʻia ʻo rickettsiae. Hoʻokumu ʻo bacteria bacteria i kekahi mau maʻi koʻikoʻi ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, e laʻa me ka maʻi wela ʻo Rocky Mountain a me ka typhus. Hoʻolahalaha ʻia kēia mau maʻi āpau i nā kānaka e kahi tick, flea, a mite bite paha.

Ua wehewehe mua nā ʻepekema i ka ehrlichiosis i ka makahiki 1990. Aia ʻelua ʻano maʻi i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

• Hoʻokumu ʻia ka ehrlichiosis monocytic kanaka (HME) e ka bacteria bacteria Ehrlichia chaffeensis.
• Kāhea ʻia ka granulosittic ehrlichiosis (HGE) i kapa ʻia ka granulosittic anaplasmosis (HGA). Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e ka bacteria bacteria i kapa ʻia Anaplasma phagocytophilum.

Hiki ke hāpai ʻia ʻo bacteria Ehrlichia e ka:

• ʻ doglio ʻīlio ʻAmelika
• ʻ ticklio dia (ʻIxodes scapularis), kahi e hiki ai ke hōʻeha i ka maʻi Lyme
• Lika hōkū Lone

Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻike ʻia ka HME ma ka hema hema o nā mokuʻāina a me ka Hikina Hema. Loaʻa ʻo HGE ma ka Hikina ʻĀkau a ma luna o Midwest.

ʻO nā kumu pilikia no ehrlichiosis e komo pū ana:

• Noho kokoke i kahi me ka nui o nā ticks
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi pipi e lawe mai paha i kahi tick i ka home
• Ke hele wāwae a pāʻani paha i nā mauʻu kiʻekiʻe

ʻO ka manawa incubation ma waena o ka nahu tick a ke hana ʻia nā ʻōuli ma kahi o 7 a 14 mau lā.

ʻIke paha nā ʻōuli e like me ka maʻi palū (influenza), a e hoʻopili pū paha me:

• Fiva a me nā anuanu
• ʻEha poʻo
• ʻEha ka ʻili
• Nusea

Nā hōʻailona kūpono ʻē aʻe:

• Pohā
• ʻO nā wahi pinhead e like me ke kahe o ke kahe ʻana i ka ʻili (petechial rash)
• Pākuʻi ʻulaʻula pālahalaha (maculopapular rash), kahi mea maʻamau ʻole
• ʻO ka manaʻo maʻi maʻamau (malaise)

ʻIke ʻia kahi ʻōpala ma lalo o ka hapakolu o nā hihia. I kekahi manawa, kuhihewa paha ka maʻi no ka ʻike ʻia ʻo Rocky Mountain i ke kuni, inā aia ka ʻōhū. Mālie pinepine nā ʻōuli, akā maʻi ka poʻe i kekahi manawa e ʻike i kahi mea lawelawe olakino.

E hana ka mea hāʻawi i kahi hoʻokolohua kino a nānā i kāu mau hōʻailona koʻikoʻi, e like me:

• Kaomi koko
• Umi puʻuwai
• Mahana

ʻO nā hōʻike ʻē aʻe kekahi:

• Helu piha koko (CBC)
• Nānā Granulocyte
• Hōʻaʻo antibody fluorescent ʻole
• ʻO ka hopena Polymerase chain (PCR) e hoʻāʻo ana i kahi laʻana koko

Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau Antibiotics (tetracycline a i ʻole doxycycline) e mālama ai i ka maʻi. ʻAʻole pono nā keiki e lawe i ka tetracycline e ka waha a hiki i ka ulu ʻana o ko lākou mau niho mau, no ka mea hiki ke hoʻololi mau i ke kala o nā niho ulu. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Doxycycline no 2 mau pule a i ʻole ʻoi aku ka emi o ka niho o ke keiki. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Rifampin i ka poʻe hiki ʻole ke hoʻomanawanui i ka doxycycline.

ʻAno make ʻole ʻo Ehrlichiosis. Me nā antibiotic, hoʻomaikaʻi ka poʻe ma waena o 24 a 48 mau hola. Lawe ʻia ka hoʻōla a 3 mau pule.

ʻAʻole mālama ʻia, hiki i kēia maʻi ke alakaʻi i:

• Koma
• Make (laha ʻole)
• Poino hakuʻala
• Poino o ka puʻu
• Nā mea ʻino ʻino ʻē aʻe
• Ka hopu ʻana

I nā hihia maʻamau, hiki i kahi nahu tick ke alakaʻi i nā maʻi ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi (co-maʻi). ʻO kēia no ka mea hiki i nā tikika ke hāpai i nā ʻano o nā meaola. ʻElua ʻano maʻi ʻino penei:

• Maʻi Lyme
• ʻO Babesiosis, kahi maʻi parasite e like me ka malaria

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā maʻi ʻoe ma hope o ka nahuʻu o nā kikiki a i ʻole inā ma kahi ʻoe e maʻa mau ai nā ticks. E haʻi pono i kāu mea hāʻawi e pili ana i ka hōʻike tick.

Hoʻolahalaha ʻia ʻo Ehrlichiosis e nā nahu tick. Pono e hana i nā ana e pale ai i nā nahu tick, me:

• E komo i nā pālule loloa a me nā pūlima lōʻihi ke hele ʻoe ma waena o ka palaki kaumaha, ka mauʻu kiʻekiʻe, a me nā wahi ulu lāʻau mānoanoa.
• Huki i kou mau kākini ma waho o ka palule e pale i nā ticks mai ke kolo ʻana i kou wāwae.
• E hoʻopaʻa i kou pālule i kou lole wāwae.
• E ʻaahu i nā lole ʻoniʻoni māmā i mea e ʻike maʻalahi ai nā kikiki.
• E kāpīpī i kou kapa me ka lāʻau ʻinoʻino.
• E hōʻoia pinepine i kou lole a me kou ʻili i ka ulu lāʻau.

Ma hope o ka hoʻi ʻana i ka home:

• Wehe i kou kapa. E nānā pono i nā ʻili āpau, me ke poʻo. Hiki i nā ticks ke piʻi wikiwiki i ka lōʻihi o ke kino.
• Nui a maʻalahi hoʻi kahi e loaʻa ai kekahi mau ticks. Hiki ke liʻiliʻi iki nā kikiki ʻē aʻe, no laila e nānā pono i nā kiko ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha ma ka ʻili.
• Inā hiki, e noi i kekahi e kōkua iā ʻoe e nānā i kou kino no nā tick.
• Pono ke kanaka makua e nānā pono i nā keiki.

Hōʻike nā noiʻi e pili pono i kahi tick i kou kino no 24 mau hola e hana i ka maʻi. Hiki i ka lawe mua ʻana ke pale i ka maʻi.

Inā nahu ʻia ʻoe e kahi tick, e kākau i lalo i ka lā a me ka manawa o ka nahu. Lawe mai i kēia ʻike, a me ka kelika (inā hiki), i kāu mea hāʻawi inā loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi.

Ehrlichiosis monosittic kanaka; HME; Ehrlichiosis granulositika kanaka; HGE; Anaplasmosis granulositika kanaka; HGA

• Ehrlichiosis
• Nā Antibodies

Dumler JS, Walker DH. Ehrlichia chaffeensis (ehrlichiosis monocytotropic kanaka), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (anaplasmosis granulocytotropic kanaka), a me nā anaplasmataceae ʻē aʻe. I: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, hua pā. ʻO Mandell, Douglas, a me Bennett's Principle a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi kūpilikiʻi. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 192.

ʻO Fournier PE, Raoult D. Nā maʻi Rickettsial. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 311.