Nā maʻi hōʻeha

ʻO nā maʻi heʻe he hui ia o nā kūlana kahi pilikia i ke kaʻina o ke kō ʻana o ke kino. Hiki i kēia mau maʻi ke alakaʻi i ke kahe kaumaha a hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ma hope o kahi ʻeha. Hiki ke hoʻomaka i ka hoʻokahe ʻana iā ia iho.

ʻO nā maʻi kahe koko pū kekahi:

• Loaʻa nā hemahema o ka platelet
• Nā hemahema o ka platelet Congenital
• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa intravascular coagulation (DIC)
• Ka nele Prothrombin
• Ka nele V factor V
• Ka nele o Factor VII
• Ka nele X Factor X
• ʻO ka hemahema Factor XI (hemophilia C)
• Maʻi ʻo Glanzmann
• Hemophilia A
• Hemophilia B
• Idiopathic thrombositopenic purpura (ITP)
• ʻO ka maʻi ʻo Von Willebrand (ʻano I, II, a me III)

ʻO ke kāpili koko maʻamau e pili ana i nā ʻāpana o ke koko, i kapa ʻia nā platelet, a me 20 mau protein plasma ʻokoʻa. ʻIke ʻia kēia mau mea ʻo ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko a i ʻole nā ​​kumu coagulation. Pili kēia mau mea me nā kemika ʻē aʻe e hana i kahi mea e hōʻoki i ke kahe ʻana i kapa ʻia ʻo fibrin.

Hiki i nā pilikia ke loaʻa inā haʻahaʻa a nalowale paha kekahi mau mea. Hiki i nā pilikia ke hele mai ke koko mai ka palu a i ke koʻikoʻi.

Aia kekahi mau maʻi koko i ka wā hānau a hoʻoili ʻia i waena o nā ʻohana (hoʻoilina). Hoʻolālā kekahi poʻe mai:

• Nā maʻi, e like me ka hemahema o ka huaʻai K a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi ʻeha nui
• Nā hana, e like me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau e hōʻoki i nā kahe o ke koko (anticoagulants) a i ʻole ka hoʻohana lōʻihi ʻana o nā lāʻau ʻaloʻalo.

Hiki i nā maʻi hōʻeha ke loaʻa mai kahi pilikia me ka helu a i ʻole ka hana o nā hunaola koko e hāpai ai i ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko (platelet). Hiki ke hoʻoilina ʻia a hoʻomohala paha kēia mau maʻi ma hope (loaʻa). ʻO nā hopena o kekahi mau lāʻau e alakaʻi pinepine ai i nā ʻano i loaʻa.

Pākuʻi ʻia paha nā ʻōuli i kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ke kahe ʻana i nā hono a i ʻole nā ​​mākala
• Māmā maʻalahi
• Kahe nui ke koko
• Kahe nui ka haehae
• Nā Nosebleeds e kū mālie ʻole
• ʻO ke kahe nui loa me nā kaʻina hana
• Kahe ʻana ke kaula uila ma hope o ka hānau ʻana

Pili nā pilikia e pili ana i ka maʻi kahe kikoʻī, a pehea ka nui.

ʻO nā hoʻāʻo e hana ʻia ana paha:

• Helu piha koko (CBC)
• Wā thromboplastin manawa (PTT)
• Hōʻike hōʻuluʻulu platelet
• Ka manawa Prothrombin (PT)
• Hoʻohui hoʻohuihui, kahi hōʻike PTT kūikawā e hōʻoia i ka hemahema o ke kumu

Pili ka mālama ʻana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi. Pākuʻi ʻia paha:

• Hoʻololi mea ololi
• Hoʻololi hou i ka plasma
• Hoʻohui pāpale
• Nā lapaʻau ʻē aʻe

E ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i nā maʻi kahe ma o kēia mau pūʻulu.

• National Hemophilia Foundation: Nā Mea Kūpono ʻē aʻe - www.hemophilia.org/Bleeding-Disorder/Types-of-Bleeding-Disorders/Other-Factor-Deficiencies
• National Hemophilia Foundation: Lanakila no nā Wahine me nā maʻi koko - www.hemophilia.org/Comunity-Resource/Women-with-Bleeding-Disorders/Victory-for-Women-with-Blood-Disorders
• ʻOihana ʻoihana olakino a me nā lawelawe kanaka - USwomenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/bleeding-disorder

Loaʻa ka hopena i ka maʻi. Hiki ke mālama ʻia ka hapa nui o nā maʻi kolo mua. Ke loaʻa ka maʻi ma muli o nā maʻi, e like me DIC, pili ka hopena i ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi.

Komo pū nā pilikia:

• Kahe i ka lolo
• Kahe nui ke kahe (maʻa mau mai ka gastrointestinal tract a i ʻole nā ​​ʻeha)

Hiki ke hana i nā pilikia ʻē aʻe, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka maʻi.

Kāhea i kāu kauka lawelawe inā ʻike ʻoe i ke kahe koko ʻole ʻana a koʻikoʻi paha.

Kū ka pale i ka maʻi kikoʻī.

ʻO Coagulopathy

ʻO Gailani D, Wheeler AP, Neff AT. Nā hemahema coagulation ololi. I: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Nā Kumumanaʻo a me ka Hoʻomeheu. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 137.

Halelu JE. Hemostasis a me ka coagulation koko. I: Hall JE, hoʻoponopono. ʻO Guyton a me Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology. 13th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 37.

ʻO Nichols WL. ʻO ka maʻi ʻo Von Willebrand a me nā hemorrhagic abnormalities o ka platelet a me ka vascular function. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 25th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 173.

ʻO Ragni MV. Nā maʻi hemorrhagic: deficiencies factor coagulation. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 25th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 174.