Histoplasmosis

ʻO Histoplasmosis kahi maʻi i loaʻa mai ka hanu ʻana i nā spores o ka fungus Histoplasma capsulatum.

Kū ka Histoplasmosis ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, he mea maʻamau ia ma ka hikina hikina, waena o ʻAkelanika, a me nā mokuʻāina waena, ʻo ia hoʻi ma nā awāwa ʻo Misisipi a me Ohio.

Piʻi ka fungus Histoplasma ma ke ʻano he puna i ka lepo. E maʻi paha ʻoe ke hanu ʻoe i nā spore i hana ʻia e ka fungus. ʻO ka lepo i loaʻa ka lepo manu a i ʻole ʻōpeʻapeʻa paha e ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia fungus. ʻOi aku ka hoʻoweliweli ma hope o ka wāwahi ʻia ʻana o kahi hale kahiko, a i ʻole nā ​​ana.

Hiki i kēia maʻi ke loaʻa i nā poʻe me kahi ʻōnaehana pale ola olakino. Akā, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ʻōnaehana nāwaliwali e hoʻonui ai i ka makaʻu o ke kiʻi ʻana a hoʻoulu hou ʻana paha i kēia maʻi. He ʻōpio a ʻōpio paha ka poʻe, a ʻo ka poʻe me ka maʻi HIV / AIDS, maʻi ʻaʻai, a i ʻole ke neʻe ʻana o nā meaola i loaʻa nā ʻōuli koʻikoʻi loa.

ʻO ka poʻe me ka maʻi maʻi wā lōʻihi (mau) (e like me empysema a me bronchiectasis) ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia no ka maʻi ʻoi aku ka nui.

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe ʻaʻohe ʻōuli, a i ʻole he maʻi akahai, like flu.

Inā kū nā ʻōuli, pili pū paha lākou:

• Fiva a me nā anuanu
• ʻO ka ʻeha a me ka ʻeha o ka umauma e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ke hanu ʻia
• ʻEha hui
• ʻEha nā waha
• ʻO nā puʻupuʻu ʻulaʻula, ʻo ka pinepine ma nā wāwae lalo

ʻEleu paha ka maʻi no kekahi manawa pōkole, a laila hele aku nā ʻōuli. I kekahi manawa, lilo ka maʻi ʻaʻa i maʻi mau. ʻO nā hōʻailona me:

• Ka ʻeha o ka umauma a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka hanu
• Cough, ʻūʻū paha i ke koko
• Fiva a sweating

I kahi poʻe liʻiliʻi, ʻoi aku i kēlā me nā ʻōnaehana nawaliwali nāwaliwali, hohola ka histoplasmosis i loko o ke kino. Kapa ʻia kēia mea he histoplasmosis. I ka pane ʻana i ka maʻi hōʻeha a me ka ʻōhū (ka pehu). Pākuʻi ʻia paha nā ʻōuli:

• ʻO ka ʻeha o ka umauma mai ka mumū o ka ʻeke e like me ka uhi ʻana a puni ka puʻuwai (pericarditis)
• ʻĀʻī a me ka ʻāʻī ʻoʻoleʻa mai ka pehu ʻana o nā membrane e uhi ana i ka lolo a me ka iwi maha (meningitis)
• Wela wela

ʻIke ʻia ka Histoplasmosis e:

• ʻO Biopsy o ka akemāmā, ʻili, ate, a i ʻole ka iwi iwi
• ʻO nā hoʻokolohua koko a mimi paha e ʻike i nā proteins histoplasmosis a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻino
• Nā moʻomeheu o ke koko, mimi a i ʻole sputum (hāʻawi kēia hōʻike i ka ʻike akāka loa o ka histoplasmosis, akā hiki i nā hopena ke lawe i 6 mau pule)

I mea e kōkua ai i ke kuhi ʻana i kēia ʻano, hana paha kāu mea mālama ola i:

• ʻO Bronchoscopy (hoʻāʻo e hoʻohana i kahi ākea e ʻike ʻia i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ke alaloa ākea e nānā ai i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi)
• Scanner CT pahu
• Pākuʻi x-ray
• Spinal tap e nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi i loko o ka wai cerebrospinal (CSF)

I nā kānaka olakino ʻē aʻe, hele maʻamau kēia maʻi me ka ʻole o ka lāʻau.

Inā maʻi ʻoe i ʻoi aku ma mua o 1 mahina a i ʻole he pilikia i ka hanu ʻana, hiki i kāu mea hāʻawi ke kuhikuhi i ka lāʻau. ʻO ka lapaʻau nui no ka histoplasmosis nā lāʻau antifungal.

• Pono paha e hāʻawi ʻia nā Antifungals ma o kahi aa koko, kaukaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano a i ʻole ke kahua o ka maʻi.
• Hiki i kekahi o kēia mau lāʻau ke loaʻa nā hopena.
• Pono paha ka mālama wā lōʻihi me nā lāʻau antifungal a i 1 a 2 mau makahiki.

Aia ka nānā i ka nui o ka maʻi, a me kou olakino olakino. E ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kekahi poʻe me ka ʻole o ka lāʻau. E hele maʻamau kahi maʻi maʻi me ka lāʻau antifungal. Akā, hiki i ka maʻi ke waiho i ka scarring i loko o ka māmā.

ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka make no ka poʻe me ka histoplasmosis dissemined dissemined i loaʻa i kahi ʻōnaehana nāwaliwali.

Hiki i ka scarring i ka umauma pahu ke hoʻokau i ka:

• ʻO nā kīʻaha koko nui e lawe ana i ke koko a i ka puʻuwai
• Puʻuwai
• ʻO Esophagus (paipu meaʻai)
• Lymph aka wahi

Hiki i nā lymph node i hoʻonui ʻia i ka umauma ke kaomi ma nā ʻāpana o ke kino e like me ka esophagus a me nā kīʻaha koko o nā akemāmā.

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā noho ʻoe i kahi kahi maʻamau ka histoplasmosis a hoʻomohala ʻoe:

• Nā hōʻailona like Flu
• ʻEha ʻeha
• Cough
• Pokole o ka hanu

ʻOiai he nui nā maʻi ʻē aʻe i loaʻa nā ʻano like, pono ʻoe e hoʻāʻo no ka histoplasmosis.

Pale aku paha ʻo Histoplasmosis i ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻana i ka lepo i nā hale moa, nā ana ʻōpeʻapeʻa, a me nā wahi ʻino nui aʻe. E ʻaahu i nā pale huna a me nā pono hana pale ʻē aʻe inā ʻoe e hana a i ʻole hele i loko o kēia mau wahi.

Maʻi maʻi Fungal - histoplasmosis; Ke Awāwa ʻo ʻAilā Wika; Fibrosing mediastinitis

• Lungs
• Histoplasmosis huikau
• Hōʻike histoplasmosis
• Histoplasmosis, hoʻolaha ʻia i ka mea maʻi HIV

ʻO Deepe GS. Histoplasma capsulatum (histoplasmosis). I: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, hua pā. ʻO Mandell, Douglas, a me Bennett's Principal a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi kūpikipiki, Hoʻopuka Hou. 8th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: chap 265.

Kauffman CA. Histoplasmosis. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 25th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 332.