Ka holomua ʻole ʻana

ʻO ka holomua ʻole e pili ana i nā keiki nona ke kaupaona o kēia manawa a i ʻole ka helu o ka loaʻa kālā i ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā keiki ʻē aʻe o ka like a me ka wahine.

ʻO ka holomua ʻole e ulu ʻia e nā pilikia olakino a i ʻole nā ​​kumu i ke kaiapuni o ke keiki, e like me ka hōʻino a mālama ʻole paha.

Nui nā kumu lāʻau o ka holomua ʻole. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• Nā pilikia me nā gen, e like me Down Syndrome
• Nā pilikia ʻōpū
• Nā pilikia Hormone
• Poino i ka lolo a i ʻole ke kikowaena pūnaewele, kahi e kumu ai i ka hānai ʻana i nā pilikia i loko o kahi pēpē
• Nā pilikia puʻuwai a i ʻole māmā, hiki ke hoʻopili i ka neʻe ʻana o ka momona i loko o ke kino
• Anemia a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi koko ʻē aʻe
• Nā pilikia Gastrointestinal e paʻakikī e lawe i nā mea momona a i ʻole ke kumu o ka nele o nā enzyme digestive
• Nā maʻi maʻi wā lōʻihi (mau)
• Nā pilikia Metabolism
• Nā pilikia i ka wā hāpai a i ʻole ke kaumaha o ka hānau hānau

Nā kumu i ke kaiapuni o ke keiki e:

• Lilo i ka pilina paʻa ma waena o ka makua a me ke keiki
• Hune
• Nā pilikia me ka pilina kahu keiki
• ʻAʻole maopopo i nā mākua ka pono o ka papaʻai pono no kā lākou keiki
• Hōʻike i nā maʻi, parasites, a i nā toxins paha
• Nā ʻano ʻai maikaʻi ʻole, e like me ka ʻai ʻana i mua o ke kīwī a me ka loaʻa ʻole o nā manawa pāʻina

I nā manawa he nui, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoholo i ke kumu.

ʻAʻole ulu a ulu a maʻamau nā keiki i kūleʻa ʻole ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā keiki o ka makahiki like. Me he mea lā ua ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi a pōkole paha. ʻAʻole paha i nā ʻōpio nā loli maʻamau i kū i ka wā ʻōpio.

ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka holomua ʻole e komo pū:

• ʻAʻole kūlike ke kiʻekiʻe, ke kaupaona, a me ke anapuni poʻo
• ʻOi ke kaumaha ma mua o ke kolu o ka pākēneka o nā pakuhi ulu ulu maʻamau a i ʻole 20% ma lalo o ke kaupaona kūpono no ko lākou kiʻekiʻe
• Ua lohi a kū paha ka ulu ʻana

Hiki ke hoʻolohi a lohi paha i ka mea aʻe i nā keiki i kūleʻa ʻole:

• Nā mākau kino, e like me ka ʻōwili ʻana, noho, kū a me ka hele wāwae
• Nā mākau noʻonoʻo a me ka pilikanaka
• Nā ʻano moekolohe lua (lohi i nā ʻōpio)

ʻO nā pēpē i loaʻa ʻole ke kaumaha a hoʻomōhala ʻole paha i ka hoihoi i ka hānai ʻana a i ʻole he pilikia i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nui kūpono o ka meaʻai. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻai hānai maikaʻi ʻole.

Nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻia i loko o kahi keiki i holomua ʻole me ka:

• Konipōpō
• Uē nui loa
• Ka nui o ka hiamoe (lethargy)
• Huhū

E hana ka mea mālama ola i kahi hoʻokolohua kino a nānā i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke keiki, kaupaona, a me ke ʻano o ke kino. E nīnau ʻia nā mākua e pili ana i ka moʻolelo olakino a me ka mōʻaukala o ke keiki.

ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua kūikawā i kapa ʻia ʻo Denver Developmental Screening Test e hoʻohana ʻia e hōʻike i kekahi lohi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana. ʻO kahi pakuhi ulu e hōʻike ana i nā ʻano ulu a pau mai ka wā hānau mai.

E hana ʻia paha kēia mau hoʻāʻo:

• Helu piha koko (CBC)
• Koena uila
• Hemoglobin electrophoresis e nānā ai i nā kūlana e like me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi
• Nā aʻo Hormone, me nā hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka hana thyroid
• X-ray e hoʻoholo ai i ka makahiki o ka iwi
• Urinalysis

Pili ka mālama ʻana i ke kumu o ka lohi o ka ulu ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana. Hiki ke kōkua i ka ulu lohi ma muli o nā pilikia kūpono i ka hōʻike ʻana i nā mākua pehea e hāʻawi ai i kahi papaʻai kaulike maikaʻi.

Mai hāʻawi i kāu keiki i nā mea hoʻopihapihaʻai e like me Boost a i ʻole e hōʻoia ʻole me ke kamaʻilio mua ʻole ʻana i kāu mea hāʻawi.

Pili nā mālama ʻē aʻe i ke koʻikoʻi o ke ʻano. E ʻōlelo paha ka mea aʻe:

• E hoʻonui i ka nui o nā calorie a me ka nui o ka wai i loaʻa i ke pēpē
• Pololei i nā wikamina a me nā minela hemahema
• E ʻike a mālama i nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe

Pono paha ke keiki e noho i ka haukapila no kekahi manawa iki.

Hoʻopili pū kekahi i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pilina ʻohana a me nā kūlana noho.

Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka ulu ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala maʻamau inā ʻaʻole holomua kahi keiki no kahi manawa lōʻihi.

Hiki ke hoʻomau i ka ulu maʻamau a me ka ulu ʻana inā ʻaʻole holomua ke keiki no kahi manawa pōkole, a hoʻoholo ʻia ke kumu a mālama ʻia.

Hiki ke hana i ka noʻonoʻo paʻa, ka manaʻo, a i ʻole ke hoʻopaneʻe kino.

Kāhea i kahi manawa me kāu mea hāʻawi inā ʻaʻole e ulu maʻamau kāu keiki.

Hiki i nā loiloi maʻamau ke kōkua e ʻike i ka holomua ʻole o nā keiki.

Holo ka ulu ʻana; FTT; Maʻi hānai; ʻAi hānai maikaʻi ʻole

• Kaʻai hānai komo - keiki - mālama ʻana i nā pilikia
• Tube hānai Gastrostomy - bolus
• Paipu hānai Jejunostomy

Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM. Ka holomua ʻole ʻana. I: Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM, hua. Nā Pono Nui o Pediatrics. 8th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 21.

ʻO Turay F, Rudolph JA. ʻO ka meaʻai a me ka gastroenterology. I: Zitelli BJ, McIntire SC, Nowalk AJ, eds. ʻO Zitelli lāua ʻo Davis 'Atlas o ka Pediatric Physical Diagnosis. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 11.