Botulism

ʻO ka Botulism kahi maʻi laha ʻole akā koʻikoʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ʻO Clostridium botulinum koʻohune. Komo ka bacteria i loko o ke kino ma o nā ʻeha, a i ʻole ma ka ʻai ʻana iā lākou mai nā meaʻai kūpono ʻole i mālama ʻia a mālama ʻia paha.

ʻO Clostridium botulinum loaʻa i ka lepo a me ka wai i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole ʻia a puni ka honua. Hoʻopuka ia i nā spores e ola i ka mālama kūpono ʻole ʻia a i ʻole nā ​​meaʻai i kēpau, kahi e hana ai lākou i kahi lāʻau make.Ke ʻai ʻia, hiki i nā mea liʻiliʻi o kēia toxin ke alakaʻi i ka lāʻau make loa. ʻO nā meaʻai i hiki ke hoʻowahāwahā ʻia nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia i ka home, hoʻōla ʻia ka puaʻa a me ka ham, puhi ʻia a iʻa maka paha, a me ka meli a i ʻole syrup kānana, kuke i hoʻomoʻa ʻia i moa ʻia, ka wai kāloti, a me kālika ʻokiʻoki ʻia i ka aila.

Kū ka botulism pēpē i ka wā e ʻai ai ka pēpē i nā spores a ulu ka bacteria i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka pēpē. ʻO ke kumu maʻamau o ka botulism pēpē e ʻai ana i ka meli a i ʻole syrup syrup a i ʻole ke hoʻohana ʻana i nā pacifiers i uhi ʻia me ka meli i hoʻohaumia ʻia.

ʻO Clostridium botulinum hiki ke loaʻa maʻamau i ka pahu o kekahi mau pēpē. Hoʻonui ka pēpē i ka botulism ke ulu ka bacteria i loko o ko lākou ʻōpū.

Hiki i ka Botulism ke komo i loko o ka maʻi koʻohune i nā ʻeha hāmama a hana i nā mea make ma laila.

Ma kahi o 110 mau hihia botulism e hana ʻia ma United States i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hihia i loko o nā pēpē.

Hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā ʻōuli ma ke ʻano he 8 a 36 mau hola ma hope o kou ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai i hoʻohaumia ʻia me ka mea make. ʻAʻohe fiva me kēia maʻi.

I nā mākua, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻōuli:

• Pākuʻi ʻōpū
• Hoʻopilikia i ka hanu ʻana e hiki ai i ka hanu maikaʻi ʻole
• Pilikia i ka ale ʻana a me ka ʻōlelo ʻana
• Hōʻike pālua
• Nusea
• ʻO ka luaʻi
• Ka nāwaliwali me ka maʻi lōlō (like i nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ke kino)

Pākuʻi ʻia paha nā ʻōuli ma nā pēpē:

• Konipōpō
• Drooling
• Hānai hānai maikaʻi ʻole a me ka omo waiwaliwali
• Hoʻopilikia hanu
• Uē nāwaliwali
• Nāwaliwali, nalo o ke kani o nā mākala

E hana ka mea mālama ola i kahi hoʻokolohua kino. Aia paha he hōʻailona o:

• Loaʻa ʻole a hoʻemi ʻia paha nā reflexes tendon hohonu
• Loaʻa ʻole a hōʻemi ʻia hoʻi ka ref ref gag
• E hāʻule ana ka ʻōmaka
• ʻO ka nalowale o ka hana muscle, e hoʻomaka ana ma ka piko o ke kino a neʻe i lalo
• ʻŌpū palalā
• Ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻōlelo
• Koi ka mimi me ka hiki ʻole ke mimino
• ʻIke makapō
• ʻAʻohe kuni

Hiki ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua koko e ʻike i ka toxin. E kauoha ʻia kahi moʻomeheu noho. Hiki ke hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua lab ma luna o ka meaʻai i manaʻo ʻia e hōʻoia i ka botulism.

Pono ʻoe i ka lāʻau e hakakā ai i ka toxin i hana ʻia e nā bacteria. Kapa ʻia ka lāʻau ʻo botulinus antitoxin.

E noho ʻoe i ka haukapila inā he pilikia hanu kāu. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi paipu ma o ka ihu a waha paha i loko o ka puka makani e hāʻawi i kahi ala no ka oxygen. Pono ʻoe i kahi mīkini hanu.

Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia nā poʻe i pilikia i ka ale ʻana i nā wai ma o kahi aa (e IV). E hoʻokomo ʻia kahi paipu hānai.

Pono nā mea hoʻolako e haʻi i nā luna olakino mokuʻāina a i ʻole nā ​​US Centres for Disease Control and Prevention e pili ana i ka poʻe me ka botulism, no laila e hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā meaʻai haumia mai nā hale kūʻai.

Hāʻawi ʻia kekahi poʻe i nā lāʻau antibiotic, akā ʻaʻole kōkua mau paha lākou.

ʻO ka mālama koke ʻana e hōʻemi nui i ka makaʻu no ka make.

ʻO nā pilikia olakino i hopena ʻia mai ka botulism pū me:

• ʻO ka pulumonia hanu a me ka maʻi
• Ka nawaliwali lōʻihi
• Nā pilikia ʻōnaehana hopohopo a hiki i ka 1 makahiki
• Hoʻopilikia hanu

E hele i ka lumi pilikia a kāhea paha i ka helu pilikia kūloko (e like me 911) inā manaʻo ʻoe he botulism.

ʻAʻole loa e hāʻawi i ka meli a me ka syrup kānana paha i nā pēpē i ʻoi aku ma mua o 1 mau makahiki - ʻaʻole nō he ʻono iki ma ka pacifier.

Pale aku i ka botulism pēpē e ka hānai ʻana wale nō, inā hiki.

E hoʻolei mau i nā kini ʻōpuʻu a i ʻole nā ​​meaʻai mālama pilau. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā meaʻai i loko o ka home ma ka kaomi e hoʻomoʻa ai iā lākou ma 250 ° F (121 ° C) no 30 mau minuke e hōʻemi paha i ka makaʻi no ka botulism. E kipa aku i nā Centers for Disease Control a me Prevent pūnaewele no ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ka pale ʻana i ka ʻohana ʻona ma www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/communication/home-canning-and-botulism.html.

E mālama i nā ʻuala i hoʻomoʻa ʻia i ka hao i wela a i ʻole i loko o ka pahu hau, ʻaʻole ma ka mahana wela. ʻO nāʻaila me kālika a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe e pono pū kekahi me ka hau e like me ka wai kāloti. E hōʻoia e hoʻonohonoho i ka wela o ka pahu hau ma 50 ° F (10 ° C) a i ʻole lalo.

Botulism pēpē

• ʻO bacteria

Birch TB, Bleck TP. Botulism (ʻO Clostridium botulinum). I: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, hua pā. ʻO Mandell, Douglas, a me Bennett's Principle a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi kūpilikiʻi. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 245.

Norton LE, Schleiss MR. Botulism (ʻO Clostridium botulinum). I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 237.