Mālama ka hānau hānau i kāu trimester ʻelua

ʻO Trimester he 3 mau mahina. ʻO kahi hāpai maʻamau ma kahi o 10 mau mahina a he 3 trimesters.

Hiki i kāu mea mālama olakino ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i kou hāpai ʻana i nā pule, ma mua o nā mahina a i ʻole nā ​​trimesters. Hoʻomaka ka lua o ka trimester ma ka pule 14 a hala ma ka pule 28.

I ka lua o ka trimester, e kipa prenatal ʻoe i kēlā me kēia mahina. Wikiwiki paha nā kipa, akā nui nō naʻe. Maikaʻi ke lawe pū mai me kāu hoa hana a kaʻi hana paha.

ʻO nā kipa i kēia trimester kahi manawa maikaʻi e kamaʻilio e pili ana.

• ʻO nā ʻōuli maʻamau i ka wā hāpai, e like me ka luhi, heartburn, varicose veins, a me nā pilikia maʻamau
• Ka hana ʻana me ka ʻeha o ke kua a me nā ʻeha ʻē aʻe a i ka wā hāpai

I kāu mau kipa ʻana, e hāʻawi kāu mea:

• Kaupaona iā ʻoe.
• E ana i kou ʻōpū e ʻike inā e ulu ana kāu pēpē e like me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia.
• E hōʻoia i kou kaomi koko.
• I kekahi manawa lawe i kahi mimi e hoʻāʻo no ke kō a me ka protein i loko o kāu mimi. Inā loaʻa kekahi o kēia mau mea, hiki ke manaʻo ia loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes a me ke kahe koko kiʻekiʻe ma muli o ka hāpai ʻana.
• E hōʻoia e hana ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau āpau.

I ka hopena o kēlā me kēia kipa, e haʻi aku kāu mea lawelawe iā ʻoe i nā mea e loli ai i mua o kāu kipa hou ʻana. E haʻi i kāu mea lawelawe inā he pilikia paha kāu. He maikaʻi ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā pilikia a i ʻole nā ​​hopohopo, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e manaʻo he mea nui a pili paha i kou hāpai ʻana.

Ke hoʻāʻo ʻana ʻo Hemoglobin. Ana i ka nui o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula i kou koko. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi loa o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula hiki ke manaʻo he anemia kou. He pilikia maʻamau kēia i ka hāpai ʻana, ʻoiai maʻalahi e hoʻoponopono.

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo hoʻomanawanui ʻana o Glucose. Nānā no nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi kō e hiki ke hoʻomaka i ka wā hāpai. I kēia ho'āʻo, e hāʻawi kāu kauka iā ʻoe i kahi wai momona. I hoʻokahi hola ma hope, e huki ʻia kou koko e nānā i kāu pae kō kō. Inā ʻaʻole maʻamau kāu mau hopena, e loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻomanawanui glucose lōʻihi.

Nānā Antibody. Hana ʻia inā Rh-maikaʻi ʻole ka makuahine. Inā Rh-maikaʻi ʻole ʻoe, pono ʻoe i kahi injection i kapa ʻia ʻo RhoGAM ma kahi o 28 mau pule hānau.

Pono ʻoe e loaʻa i kahi ultrasound ma kahi o 20 mau pule i kou hāpai ʻana. ʻO kahi ultrasound kahi hana maʻalahi, ʻeha ʻole. E kau ʻia kahi koʻokoʻo e hoʻohana ana i nā nalu kani i kou ʻōpū. E hoʻokuʻu nā nalu kani i kāu kauka a i ʻole wahine pale keiki e ʻike i ka pēpē.

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia ultrasound e nānā i ka anatomy o ka pēpē. E ʻike ʻia ka naʻau, nā puʻupaʻa, nā lālā, a me nā hanana ʻē aʻe.

Hiki i ka Ultrasound ke ʻike i nā kīnā o ke fetal a i ʻole nā ​​kīnā hānau ma kahi o ka hapalua o ka manawa. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e hoʻoholo i ka moekolohe o ka pēpē. Ma mua o kēia kaʻina hana, e noʻonoʻo inā makemake ʻoe e ʻike i kēia ʻike, a haʻi i ka mea hāʻawi ultrasound i kāu mau makemake ma mua o ka manawa.

Hāʻawi ʻia nā wahine āpau i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka genetical i ka kānana no nā hānau hānau a me nā pilikia kūpuna, e like me Down Syndrome a i ʻole nā ​​hemahema o ka lolo a me ka iwi kolamu.

• Inā manaʻo kāu mea hoʻolako pono ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau hoʻāʻo, e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka mea e ʻoi loa no ʻoe.
• E nīnau e pili ana i ke ʻano o nā hopena iā ʻoe a me kāu pēpē.
• Hiki i ke kākā'ōlelo genetic ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i kāu hopena a me nā hopena o ka hoʻāʻo.
• Nui a hewahewa nā koho no ka hoʻāʻo genetic. Hāpai kekahi o kēia mau hoʻāʻo i kekahi makaʻu, ʻoiai ʻaʻole kekahi.

ʻO nā wahine i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka makaʻu no kēia mau pilikia e pili pū me:

• ʻO nā wahine i loaʻa i kahi pēpē me nā ʻano kūlohelohe o nā hānau keiki ma mua
• Nā makahiki 35 a ʻoi paha o nā makahiki
• Nā wahine me ka mōʻaukala ikaika o ka hānau hānau kīnā

Hāʻawi ʻia ka hapanui o nā hoʻokolohua kūlohelohe a kūkākūkā ʻia i ka trimester mua. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia kekahi mau hoʻāʻo i ka trimester ʻelua a i ʻole hana ʻia i kekahi ʻāpana i ka trimester ʻelua a me ka lua.

No ka hoʻāʻo pale quadruple, huki ʻia ke koko mai ka makuahine a hoʻouna ʻia i kahi lab.

• Hana ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ma waena o ka hebedoma 15 a me 22 o ka hāpai keiki. ʻOi loa ka pololei ke hana ʻia ma waena o nā pule he 16 a me ka 18.
• ʻAʻole hōʻike nā hopena i kahi pilikia a maʻi paha. Ma ka hakahaka, e kōkua lākou i ke kauka a i ʻole ka palekeiki paha e hoʻoholo inā pono hou ka hoʻokolohua.

Amniocentesis kahi hōʻike i hana ʻia ma waena o 14 a 20 mau pule.

• E hoʻokomo kāu mea hāʻawi a kahu paha i kahi nila ma o kou ʻōpū a i loko o ka ʻeke amniotic (ʻeke o ka wai e hoʻopuni ana i ka pēpē).
• E huki ʻia kahi wai liʻiliʻi a hoʻouna ʻia i kahi hale hana.

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā:

• Loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi hōʻailona a hōʻailona paha ʻaʻole maʻamau.
• Ke manaʻo nei ʻoe i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau hou, nā wikamina, a me nā mea kanu.
• He kahe kou.
• Ua hoʻonui ʻoe i ka hemo ʻana o ka iwi a i ʻole kahi hoʻokuʻu me ka pilau.
• He kuni ʻoe, haʻalulu, a ʻeha paha ke hele ʻoe i ka mimi.
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe ke kaulike a ʻeha paha i ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū.
• He mau nīnau a hopohopo paha kāu e pili ana i kou olakino a i ʻole kou hāpai ʻana.

Mālama hāpai hāpai - trimester ʻelua

ʻO Gregory KD, Ramos DE, Jauniaux ERM. Mālama mua ʻana a me ka mālama mua ʻana. I: Gabbe SG, Niebyl JR, Simpson JL, et al, eds. Nā Obstetrics: Nā Pregnancies Maʻamau a me nā pilikia. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 6.

ʻO Hobel CJ, ʻo Williams J. Antepartum mālama. I: Hacker NF, Gambone JC, Hobel CJ, eds. Hacker & Moore's Essentials of Obstetrics and Gynecology. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 7.

ʻO Smith RP. Mālama i ka prenatal maʻamau: ʻelua trimester. I: Smith RP, hoʻoponopono. ʻO Netter's Obstetrics a me Gynecology. ʻEkolu huaʻōlelo. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 199.

ʻO Williams DE, Pridjian G. Obstetrics. I: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, eds. Puke aʻo o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻohana. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 20.

• Mālama Pilikino