Mālama ka hānau hānau i kāu trimester mua

ʻO ke kumu ʻo Trimester "3 mau mahina." ʻO kahi hāpai maʻamau e mau ana ma 10 mau mahina a he 3 mau trimesters.

Hoʻomaka ka trimester mua ke hāpai ʻia kāu pēpē. Hoʻomau ia i ka pule 14 o kou hāpai ʻana. Hiki i kāu mea mālama olakino ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i kou hāpai ʻana i nā pule, ma mua o nā mahina a me nā trimesters.

Pono ʻoe e hoʻonohonoho i kāu huakaʻi prenatal mua ma hope koke o kou aʻo ʻana ua hāpai ʻoe. ʻO kāu kauka a palekeiki paha:

• Kaha i kou koko
• Hana i kahi hōʻike pelvic piha
• Hana i kahi Pap smear a me nā moʻomeheu e nānā i nā maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia

E hoʻolohe kāu kauka a palima paha i ka puʻuwai puʻuwai o kāu pēpē, akā ʻaʻole paha hiki ke lohe. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻaʻole hiki ke lohe ʻia ka puʻuwai puʻuwai a ʻike ʻia paha ma ka ultrasound a hiki i ka 6 a 7 mau pule.

I kēia kipa mua ʻana, e nīnau kāu kauka a i ʻole ka palekeiki iā ʻoe e pili ana i:

• ʻO kou olakino holoʻokoʻa
• ʻO nā pilikia olakino āu
• Nā hāpai hāpai i hala
• Nā lāʻau, nā mea kanu, a i ʻole nā ​​huaora āu e lawe ai
• Inā hoʻoikaika paha ʻoe
• E puhi paha ʻoe a inu paha i ka ʻalekohola
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe a i ʻole kāu pakanā nā maʻi a me nā pilikia olakino e holo i kou ʻohana

E kipa nui ʻoe e kamaʻilio e pili ana i kahi hoʻolālā hānau. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kūkākūkā pū me ke kauka a i ʻole ka palekeiki i kāu kipa mua.

ʻO ka kipa mua kahi manawa maikaʻi e kamaʻilio pū ai:

• ʻO ka ʻai olakino, hoʻoikaika kino, a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka nohona ke hāpai ʻoe
• ʻO nā ʻōuli maʻamau i ka wā hāpai e like me ka luhi, puʻuwai, a me nā veins varicose
• Pehea e mālama ai i ka maʻi kakahiaka
• He aha e hana ai e pili ana i ke kahe o ka maʻi i ka wā hāpai mua
• He aha ka mea e kali ai i kēlā me kēia kipa

Hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i nā huaora prenatal me ka hao inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e lawe mua iā lākou.

I kāu trimester mua, e kipa prenatal ʻoe i kēlā me kēia mahina. Wikiwiki paha nā kipa, akā nui nō naʻe. Maikaʻi ke lawe pū mai me kāu hoa hana a kaʻi hana paha.

I kāu mau kipa ʻana, ʻo kāu kauka a i ʻole palekeiki paha:

• Kaupaona iā ʻoe.
• E hōʻoia i kou kaomi koko.
• E hōʻoia i kani naʻau fetal.
• Lawe i kahi mimi e hoʻāʻo no ke kō a me ka protein i loko o kāu mimi. Inā loaʻa kekahi o kēia mau mea, hiki ke manaʻo ia loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes a me ke koko kiʻekiʻe i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hāpai ʻana.

I ka pau ʻana o kēlā me kēia kipa, e haʻi aku kāu kauka a i ʻole kau paleke iā ʻoe i nā mea e hoʻololi ai e manaʻo ai ma mua o kāu kipa hou ʻana. E haʻi i kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi pilikia a hopohopo paha. He maikaʻi ke kamaʻilio e pili ana iā lākou inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e manaʻo he mea nui a pili paha i kāu hāpai ʻana.

I kāu kipa mua, e huki ke kauka a i ʻole ka palekeiki i ke koko no kahi hui o nā hoʻokolohua i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka panen prenatal. Hana ʻia kēia mau ho'āʻo e loaʻa nā pilikia a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi i ka wanaʻao.

Aia kēia panela o nā hoʻokolohua, akā ʻaʻole kau palena ʻia i:

• Heluhelu piha ke koko (CBC)
• ʻO ke kikokiko ʻana i ke koko (me ka papakaʻi Rh)
• ʻO Rubella viral antigen pale (hōʻike kēia i kou pale ʻana i ka maʻi Rubella)
• Paukū Hepatitis (hōʻike kēia inā maikaʻi ʻoe no ka maʻi hepatitis A, B, a me C)
• Hōʻike Syphilis
• Hōʻike HIV (hōʻike kēia hōʻike inā maikaʻi ʻoe no ka maʻi hoʻomaʻamaʻa e loaʻa ai iā AIDS)
• Pākuʻi fibrosis Cystic (hōʻike kēia hōʻike inā ʻoe he lawe no ka cystic fibrosis)
• ʻO kahi loiloi mimi a me ka moʻomeheu

ʻO kahi ultrasound kahi hana maʻalahi, ʻeha ʻole. E kau ʻia kahi koʻokoʻo e hoʻohana ana i nā nalu kani i kou ʻōpū. E hoʻokuʻu nā nalu kani i kāu kauka a i ʻole wahine pale keiki e ʻike i ka pēpē.

Pono ʻoe e hana i kahi ultrasound i ka trimester mua e kiʻi i kahi manaʻo o kāu lā kūpono.

Hāʻawi ʻia nā wahine āpau i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka genetical i ka kānana no nā hānau hānau a me nā pilikia kūpuna, e like me Down Syndrome a i ʻole nā ​​hemahema o ka lolo a me ka iwi kolamu.

• Inā manaʻo kāu kauka pono ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau hoʻāʻo, e kamaʻilio e pili ana i kahi o nā mea e pono ai nāu.
• E nīnau e pili ana i ke ʻano o nā hopena iā ʻoe a me kāu pēpē.
• Hiki i ke kākā'ōlelo genetic ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i kāu hopena a me nā hopena o ka hoʻāʻo.
• Nui nā koho i kēia manawa no ka hoʻāʻo genetic. Hāpai kekahi o kēia mau hoʻāʻo i kekahi mau makaʻi i kāu pēpē, ʻoiai ʻaʻole kekahi.

ʻO nā wahine i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka makaʻu no kēia mau pilikia genetika:

• ʻO nā wahine i loaʻa i kahi ʻōpū me nā pilikia kūlohelohe i nā hāpai mua
• Nā wahine, 35 a ʻoi paha makahiki
• Nā wahine me ka mōʻaukala ikaika o ka hānau hānau kīnā

I hoʻokahi hōʻike, hiki i kāu mea hāʻawi ke hoʻohana i kahi ultrasound e ana i ka hope o ka ʻāʻī o ka pēpē. Kapa ʻia kēia translucency nuchal.

• Hana ʻia kahi hōʻike koko.
• E haʻi like kēia mau ana 2 inā pilikia ka pēpē no ka loaʻa ʻana o Down Syndrome.
• Inā hana ʻia kahi hoʻokolohua i kapa ʻia ka quadruple i ka trimester ʻelua, ʻoi aku ka pololei o nā hopena o nā hōʻike ʻelua ma mua o ka hana ʻana i nā hōʻike ʻelua wale nō. Kapa ʻia kēia he loiloi hoʻohui ʻia.

ʻO kahi hōʻike ʻē aʻe, i kapa ʻia ʻo chorionic villus sampling (CVS), hiki ke ʻike iā Down syndrome a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e like me 10 mau pule i ka hāpai ʻana.

ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua hou loa, i kapa ʻia ka DNA cell cell testing, nānā i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o nā gen a kāu pēpē i kahi hāpana o ke koko mai ka makuahine. ʻOi aku ka hou o kēia hōʻike, akā hāʻawi i nā ʻōlelo hoʻohiki he nui no ka pololei me ka ʻole o nā pilikia o ka hāʻule ʻole.

Aia kekahi mau hoʻāʻo ʻē aʻe e hana ʻia paha i ka trimester ʻelua.

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā:

• Loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi nui o ka nausea a me ka luaʻi.
• He kahe kou a he cramping paha.
• Ua hoʻonui ʻoe i ka hoʻokuʻu a hoʻokuʻu paha me ka pilau.
• He kuni ʻoe, haʻalulu, a ʻeha paha ke hele ʻoe i ka mimi.
• He mau nīnau a hopohopo paha kāu e pili ana i kou olakino a i ʻole kou hāpai ʻana.

Mālama hāpai hāpai - trimester mua

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ʻO Hobel CJ, ʻo Williams J. Antepartum mālama. I: Hacker N, Gambone JC, Hobel CJ, eds. Hacker & Moore's Essentials of Obstetrics and Gynecology. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 7.

Magowan BA, Owen P, Thomson A. Ka mālama antenatal a me ka mālama hope ʻana. I: Magowan BA, Owen P, Thomson A, hua. ʻO nā Obstetrics Clinical a me nā Gynecology. ʻEhā ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 22.

ʻO Williams DE, Pridjian G. Obstetrics. I: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, eds. Puke aʻo o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻohana. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 20.

• Mālama Pilikino