Hōʻole hōʻike

Kūpono ʻole ka testicular ke hiki ʻole i nā testicle ke hana i ka sperm a i ʻole nā ​​kāne kāne, e like me ka testosterone.

ʻAʻole maʻamau ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka testicular. Nā kumu i komo:

• ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau, e like me nā glucocorticoids, ketoconazole, chemotherapy, a me nā lāʻau ʻeha opioid
• Nā maʻi e hoʻopili i ka testicle, me hemochromatosis, mumps, orchitis, testicular cancer, testicular torsion, a me varicocele.
• Ka hōʻeha a i ʻole trauma i nā testicle
• Ka momona
• Nā maʻi genetic, e like me Klinefelter Syndrome a i ʻole Prader-Willi Syndrome
• Nā maʻi ʻē aʻe, e like me cystic fibrosis

Hiki i ka mea aʻe ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ka holomua testicular:

• Nā hana e kū ai ka ʻeha mau o ka pae haʻahaʻa i ka scrotum, e like me ka holo kaʻa mokokaikala a kaʻa paikikala paha
• Hoʻohana pinepine a koʻikoʻi o ka wānana
• Nā testicle ʻole i hōʻike ʻole ʻia i ka wā hānau

Kaukaʻi ʻia nā ʻōuli i ka makahiki ke ulu a kū ʻole ka testicular, ma mua a ma hope paha o ka ʻōpio.

Pākuʻi ʻia paha nā ʻōuli:

• Hoʻoemi i ke kiʻekiʻe
• Nā umauma nui (gynecomastia)
• Hoʻoipo
• Lilo o ka nui o nā mākala
• Ka nele o ka sex drive (libido)
• Lilo o ka armpit a me ka lauoho pubic
• Hoʻolālā mālie a nele ʻole paha o nā ʻano moekolohe kāne ʻelua (ulu lauoho, hoʻonui scrotum, hoʻonui ʻana i ka penis, hoʻololi leo)

Hoʻomaopopo paha nā kāne ʻaʻole pono lākou e kahi i kahi pinepine.

E hōʻike paha kahi hōʻike kino:

• Nā genital ʻole i nānā pono ʻole i ke kāne a wahine paha (ʻike mau ʻia i ka wā kamaliʻi)
• ʻO nā testicle liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi
• Tumor a i ʻole kahi nuipaʻa kūpono ʻole i ka testicle a i ʻole ka scrotum

Hōʻike nā hōʻike ʻē aʻe i ka haʻahaʻa o ka mineral iwi a me nā haki. Hōʻike paha nā hoʻokolohua koko i kahi pae haʻahaʻa o testosterone a me nā kiʻekiʻe o prolactin, FSH, a me LH (e hoʻoholo inā he pilikia a he lua paha ka pilikia.

Inā momona kou hopohopo, hiki i kāu mea mālama ola ke kauoha i kahi kānana semen e nānā i ka helu o ka sperm olakino āu e hana nei.

I kekahi manawa, e kauoha ʻia kahi ultrasound o nā hōʻike.

He paʻakikī paha ka hōʻike ʻana o ka testosterone a me ka pae testosterone haʻahaʻa i nā kāne makua no ka mea ʻo ka pae testosterone e emi mālie me ka makahiki.

Hiki i nā mea hoʻohui hormonone kāne ke mālama i kekahi ʻano o ka holomua testicular. Kapa ʻia kēia lapaʻau he testosterone replacement therapy (TRT). Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ʻo TRT ma ke ʻano he gel, patch, injection, a implant paha.

ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka lāʻau a hana paha i kumu i ka pilikia e hoʻihoʻi i ka hana testicle i ka maʻamau.

ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻia nā ʻano nui o ke kūleʻa testicular. Hiki i TRT ke kōkua i ka hoʻohuli i nā ʻōuli, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia e hoʻihoʻi i ka momona.

ʻO nā kāne e loaʻa ana i ka chemotherapy hiki iā lākou ke kumu o ka hemahema testicular pono e kūkākūkā i nā aniani sperm ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau.

ʻO ke kūleʻa testicular e hoʻomaka ma mua o ka wā ʻōpio e hōʻoki i ka ulu kino maʻamau. Hiki iā ia ke pale aku i nā ʻano kāne makua (e like me ka leo hohonu a me ka ʻumiʻumi) mai ka hoʻomohala ʻana. Hiki ke mālama ʻia kēia me TRT.

Pono e kiaʻi pono ʻia nā kāne ma TRT e ke kauka. Hiki iā TRT ke hana i kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻonui prostate, alakaʻi i ka paʻakikī i ka mimiki
• Huʻi koko
• Hoʻololi i ka hiamoe a me ke ʻano

Kāhea i kahi manawa me kāu mea hāʻawi inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻōuli o ka holomua testicular.

Kāhea pū kekahi i kāu mea hāʻawi inā aia ʻoe ma TRT a manaʻo ʻoe ke loaʻa nei nā hopena i ka maʻi.

Hōʻalo i nā hana ʻoi aku ka pilikia inā hiki.

ʻO ka hypogonadism mua - kāne kāne

• Anatomia testicular
• Anatomia hānau kāne

Allan CA, McLachlan RI. Nā maʻi maʻi Androgen. I: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, eds. Endocrinology: Makua a Pediatric. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 139.

Morgentaler A, Zitzmann M, Traish AM, a me al. Nā manaʻo nui e pili ana i ka hemahema o ka testosterone a me ka mālama ʻana: nā ʻōlelo ʻae a ka poʻe loea kūwaho. ʻO Mayo Clin Proc. 2016; 91 (7): 881-896. PMID: 27313122 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27313122.

ʻO ka pūnaewele US Food and Drug Administration. Ka kamaʻilio palekana palekana ʻana o ka lāʻau FDA: ua akahele ʻo FDA e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana testosterone no testosterone haʻahaʻa ma muli o ka ʻelemakule pono i kahi loli lepili e hoʻomaopopo ai i ka nui o ka makaʻu o ka puʻuwai a me ka hahau ʻana me ka hoʻohana. www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm436259.htm. Hoʻohou i Pepeluali 26, 2018. Loaʻa iā Mei 20, 2019.