Ka nele o Alpha-1 antitrypsin

ʻO ka hemahema o Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) kahi ʻano i lawa ʻole ke kino o ka AAT, kahi protein e pale ai i nā akemāmā a me ke ake mai ka pohō. Hiki i ke ʻano ke alakaʻi i ka COPD a me nā maʻi ate (cirrhosis).

ʻO AAT kahi ʻano protein i kapa ʻia he protease inhibitor. Hana ʻia ʻo AAT i ke akepaʻa a hana ia e pale aku i nā akemāmā a me ke ake.

ʻO ka hemahema AAT ʻaʻole lawa o kēia protein i ke kino. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e kahi kīnā kīnā. ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau i waena o nā poʻe ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika ʻAkau o ka ʻohana ʻEulopa.

E ulu ka poʻe mākua me ka hemahema AAT koʻikoʻi i ka empysema, i kekahi manawa ma mua o 40 mau makahiki. Hiki i ka puhihihi ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu no ka emphysema a hana ma mua.

Pākuʻi ʻia paha nā ʻōuli i kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• Ka hanu ʻana o ka hanu me ka hana ʻole a me nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe o COPD
• Nā ʻōuli o ke kūleʻa o ke ake
• Lilo o ke kaupaona me ka hoʻāʻo ʻole
• ʻUhihi

Hiki i kahi hoʻokolohua kino ke hōʻike i kahi umauma e like me ka barela, kahea ʻana, a i ʻole nā ​​leo hanu hoʻemi. Hiki ke kōkua i nā hoʻokolohua aʻe me ka ʻike.

• Hōʻike koko AAT
• Nā ʻenekini koko arterial
• Pākuʻi x-ray
• CT scan o ka umauma
• Ke hoʻāʻo genetic
• Hōʻike ʻāpana puʻupuʻu

Kuhi paha kāu mea mālama ola iā ʻoe no kēia ʻano inā hoʻomohala ʻoe:

• COPD ma mua o ka makahiki 45
• COPD akā ʻaʻole ʻoe i puhipaka a i ʻole hōʻike ʻia i nā toxins
• COPD a loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi moʻolelo ʻohana o kēia ʻano
• ʻAʻole hiki ke loaʻa ka Cirrhosis a ʻaʻohe kumu ʻē aʻe
• ʻO Cirrhosis a loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi ate

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka hemahema AAT e pili ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka protein AAT nalowale. Hāʻawi ʻia ka protein ma o kahi aa i kēlā me kēia pule a i ʻole 4 mau pule. He mea maikaʻi wale nō kēia i ka pale ʻana i ka nui o ka hōʻino o ka māmā i ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻole o ka hopena. Kapa ʻia kēia kaʻina hana ʻo augmentation therapy.

Inā puhi ʻoe, pono ʻoe e haʻalele.

Hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau ʻē aʻe no COPD a me cirrhosis.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke kanu ʻōpū no ka maʻi ʻoi loa o ka maʻi, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi ate no ka cirrhosis nui.

ʻO kekahi poʻe me kēia hemahema ʻaʻole e hoʻomōhala i ka maʻi ate a me ka maʻi māmā. Inā haʻalele ʻoe i ka puhipaka, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolohi i ka holomua o ka maʻi maʻi.

Hiki i ka COPD a me ka cirrhosis ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.

Nā pilikia o ka hemahema AAT:

• ʻO Bronchiectasis (ʻino o nā ala nui)
• ʻO ka maʻi pulmonary obstructive maʻi (COPD)
• Hoka ʻole a maʻi ʻaʻai paha

Kāhea aku i kāu mea hāʻawi inā hoʻomohala ʻoe i nā ʻōuli o ka hemahema AAT.

Hemahema AAT; ʻO ka hemahema protease Alpha-1; COPD - hemahema alpha-1 antitrypsin; Cirrhosis - alpha-1 antitrypsin nele

• Lungs
• Anatomia akepau

Han MK, Lazaro SC. COPD: ka hōʻailona hōʻoia a me ka hoʻokele. I: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. ʻO Murray a me Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 44.

Hatipoglu U, Mea mālama JK. hemahema a1 -antitrypsin. ʻO Med Chest Med. 2016; 37 (3): 487-504. PMID: 27514595 www.pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27514595/.

ʻO Winnie GB, ʻo Boas SR. a1 -antitrypsin hemahema a me ka emphysema. I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 421.