ʻO ka hāhā naha (pneumothorax)

Hana ʻia kahi māmā hāʻule i ka wā e pakele ai ka ea mai ka lung. Hoʻopiha ka ea i ka hakahaka ma waho o ka akemāmā, ma waena o ka paia māmā a me ka umauma. Kau kēia buildup o ka ea i ke kaomi ma luna o ka māmā, no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻonui e like me ka maʻamau i ka wā e hanu ai.

ʻO ka inoa lapaʻau o kēia ʻano he pneumothorax.

Hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia ka pulupulu nahu e kahi ʻeha i ka akemāmā. Hiki i nā hōʻeha ke hoʻopili i kahi pū kī a pahi paha i ka umauma, haʻi haʻi, a i ʻole kekahi mau hana olakino.

I kekahi mau hihia, hoʻokumu ʻia kahi māmā hāʻule e nā ea lele (puhi) e haki, e hoʻouna ana i ka ea i ke ākea a puni ka akemāmā. Hiki i kēia ke hopena i nā loli kūpilikiʻi e like me ka luʻu scuba a i ʻole ke huakaʻi ʻana i kahi kiʻekiʻe.

ʻOi aku ka makaʻu o nā kānaka lōʻihi, nā lahilahi a me nā poʻe puhipaka no ka hāhā o hāhā.

Hiki i nā maʻi puʻupuʻu ke hoʻonui i ka manawa o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pulupulu i hāʻule. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• Asthma
• ʻO ka maʻi pulmonary obstructive maʻi (COPD)
• ʻO Cystic fibrosis
• Maʻi puʻu
• Mānā kohō

I kekahi mau hihia, ulu kahi hāneʻe hāʻule me ka ʻole o kekahi kumu. Kāhea ʻia kēia ʻo kahi māmā i hāʻule wale.

ʻO nā ʻōuli maʻamau o ka hanu hāpau e komo pū me:

• ʻO ka umauma ʻoi aku a ʻeha paha o ka poʻohiwi, i hana ʻino ʻia e ka hanu hohonu a i ʻole ka ʻū
• Pokole o ka hanu
• Nasal flaring (mai ka liʻiliʻi o ka hanu)

ʻO kahi pneumothorax nui aʻe ke kumu o nā hōʻailona ʻoi loa, e like me:

• ʻO kaʻula Bluish o kaʻili ma muli o ka nele o ka oxygen
• Pīkī pahu
• Lightheaded a kokoke maule ʻana
• Ka luhi maʻalahi
• Nā hanana hanu maʻamau a hoʻonui i ka hana o ka hanu
• Helu puʻuwai wikiwiki
• Pākuʻi a hāneʻe

E hoʻolohe ka mea mālama ola i kou hanu ʻana me kahi stethoscope. Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi puʻupuʻu hāneʻe, aia nā leo hoʻoliʻiliʻi i hoʻemi ʻia a i ʻole ʻaʻohe kani o ka hanu ma ka ʻaoʻao i hoʻopilikia ʻia. Loaʻa paha ʻoe i ke kahe haʻahaʻa.

ʻO nā hoʻokolohua i kauoha ʻia e komo pū:

• Pākuʻi x-ray
• ʻO nā kinoea Arterial a me nā hoʻokolohua koko ʻē aʻe
• CT scan inā kuhi ʻia nā ʻeha a i ʻole nā ​​kūlana ʻē aʻe
• Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Hele paha kahi pneumothorax liʻiliʻi ma kāna iho i ka manawa. Hiki wale nō iā ʻoe ke mālama i ka oxygen a hoʻomaha.

Hiki i ka mea hāʻawi ke hoʻohana i kahi nila kuʻuna e ʻae i ka ea e pakele mai kahi a puni o ka akuma e hiki ai iā ia ke hoʻonui ākea loa. ʻAe ʻia ʻoe e hoʻi i ka home inā ʻoe e noho kokoke i ka haukapila.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi pneumothorax nui, e hoʻokau ʻia kahi pahu umauma ma waena o nā iwi ʻaoʻao i loko o kahi ākea e pili ana i nā akemāmā e kōkua ai i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka ea a ʻae i ka lung e hoʻonui hou. E waiho ʻia ka pahu o ka umauma ma kahi no nā lā he nui a pono ʻoe e noho i ka haukapila. Inā hoʻohana ʻia kahi pahu umauma liʻiliʻi a wili flutter paha, hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hoʻi i ka home. Pono ʻoe e hoʻi i ka haukapila e hemo ai ka paipu a i ʻole ka pahu.

Pono kekahi mau kānaka me ka hanu hāneʻe i oxygen.

Pono paha ke ʻoki kino e mālama i ka hanu hāneʻe a i ʻole e pale aku i nā hanana e hiki mai ana. Hiki ke hoʻoponopono hou ʻia kahi i kū ai ka liʻi. I kekahi manawa, hoʻonoho ʻia kahi kemikal kūikawā i loko o ka wahi o ka hāhū nahu. Hoʻokumu kēia kemika i kahi scar e hana. Kapa ʻia kēia kaʻina hana ʻo pleurodesis.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi puʻupuʻu hāneʻe, e loaʻa paha iā ʻoe kekahi i ka wā e hiki mai ana inā ʻoe:

• Lōʻihi a lahilahi
• E hoʻomau i ka puhi
• Ua loaʻa i ʻelua mau hanana māmā i hāʻule i ka wā i hala

Maikaʻi kāu hana ʻana ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka hanu i hilinaʻi ʻia ma muli o ke kumu o ia.

Pākuʻi ʻia paha i kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• Ua hina kekahi hou i ka wā e hiki mai ana
• Pākuʻi, inā he ʻeha koʻikoʻi a maʻi paha, hoʻomāmā nui, a me ka wai i loko o ka māmā e ulu

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻōuli o ka hāhā nahā, ʻoi loa inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ma mua.

ʻAʻohe ala i ʻike ʻia e pale aku ai i kahi hanu hāneʻe. Hiki i ke kaʻina hana maʻamau ke hōʻemi i ka makaʻu o ka pneumothorax ke luʻu scuba. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i kou makaʻu me ka puhipaka ʻole.

Ka lewa a puni ka hū; Ka ea ma waho o ka akemāmā; Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo Pneumothorax i ka māmā; Pulupulu kūlohelohe

• Lungs
• Haki ʻaʻa - pahu x-ray
• Pneumothorax - umauma x-ray
• ʻŌnaehana hanu
• Hoʻokomo ʻana o ka pahu umauma - series
• Pneumothorax - moʻo

Byyny RL, ʻO Sholie LW. Luʻu Scuba a me ka disbarism. I: Nā paia RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Nā Manaʻo Manaʻo a me ka hana lapaʻau. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 135.

ʻO RW māmā, ʻo Lee YCG. ʻO Pneumothorax, chylothorax, hemothorax, a me fibrothorax. I: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. ʻO Murray a me Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 81.

Raja AS. Hōʻeha Thoracic. I: Nā paia RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Nā Manaʻo Manaʻo a me ka hana lapaʻau. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 38.