Atelectasis

ʻO ka Atelectasis ka hū ʻana o kahi ʻāpana a i ʻole, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka maʻamau, āpau āpau.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka Atelectasis e kahi paʻa o nā ala ʻea (bronchus a i ʻole bronchioles) a i ʻole kaomi ʻia ma waho o ka akemāmā.

ʻAʻole like ka Atelectasis me kekahi ʻano o ka lung hāhā i kapa ʻia ʻo pneumothorax, i ka wā e pakele ai ka ea mai ka akemāmā. Hoʻopiha ka ea i ka hakahaka ma waho o ka akemāmā, ma waena o ka paia māmā a me ka umauma.

Maʻamau ka Atelectasis ma hope o ke kaha ʻana a i ʻole i ka poʻe i a i ʻole i ka haukapila.

ʻO nā kumu pilikia no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā atelectasis:

• Anesthesia
• Hoʻohana o kahi paipu hanu
• Nā mea haole i ke alaloa (ʻo ka mea maʻamau i nā keiki)
• Maʻi maʻi
• Mucus i kuʻina i ke alaloa
• Kaomi ma ka māmā i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi buildup o ka wai ma waena o nā iwi ʻaoʻao a me nā akemāmā (i kapa ʻia he pleural effusion)
• Hoʻomaha hoʻomaha lōʻihi me nā hoʻololi iki i ke kūlana
• Ka hanu papau (hiki paha i ka hanu ʻeha a i ʻole nāwaliwali o nā mākala)
• ʻO nā tumors i ālai i kahi alaloa

Pākuʻi ʻia paha nā ʻōuli i kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• Pilikia hanu
• ʻEha ʻeha
• Cough

ʻAʻohe hōʻailona inā akahai ka atelectasis.

E hōʻoia inā he atelectasis kāu, e hana ʻia paha kēia mau hoʻokolohua e ʻike ai i nā ake māmā a me nā kahawai.

• ʻIke kino e auscultating (hoʻolohe ʻana a i ʻole ke kani ʻana (kaomi ʻana) i ka umauma
• ʻO Bronchoscopy
• Scanner CT a MRI paha
• Pākuʻi x-ray

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana e mālama i ke kumu kumu a hoʻonui hou i nā mea o ka lolo i hāʻule. Inā hoʻokau ka wai i ka māmā, e lawe ana i ka wai i ka māmā e hoʻonui.

Hoʻopili nā mālama i hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o kēia mau mea:

• Pāleʻa (percussion) ma ka umauma e hoʻokuʻu ai i nā plug o ka mucus i ke ala ākea.
• Nā hana hanu hohonu (me ke kōkua o nā mea hoʻoulu spirometry).
• Wehe a hōʻoluʻolu paha i nā kahakaha ma nā kahawai e bronchoscopy.
• Huli i ke kanaka no laila ʻo ke poʻo i lalo o ka umauma (i kapa ʻia ka hoʻoheheʻe postural). ʻAe kēia i ka mucus e kahe maʻalahi.
• E mālama i kahi tumo a i ʻole kahi ʻano ʻē aʻe.
• E hoʻohuli i ke kanaka e moe ma ka ʻaoʻao olakino, e ʻae ana i ka wahi o ka hāhā o ka hāhā e hoʻonui hou.
• E hoʻohana i nā lāʻau i inhaled e wehe i ke alaloa.
• E hoʻohana i nā hāmeʻa ʻē aʻe e kōkua i ka hoʻonui i ke kaomi maikaʻi i nā alaloa a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā wai.
• E hoʻoikaika kino inā hiki

I ke kanaka makua, ʻo atelectasis i kahi wahi liʻiliʻi o ka akemāmā ka mea maʻamau ʻole ke ola. Hiki i ke koena o ka māmā ke hana i ka wahi i hina, e lawe ana i ka nui o ka oxygen no ka hana o ke kino.

ʻO nā wahi nui o atelectasis he mea hoʻoweliweli paha i ke ola, pinepine i ka pēpē a i ʻole keiki liʻiliʻi, a i ʻole i kekahi mea i loaʻa i kahi maʻi a i ʻole maʻi.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa mālie ka māmā i hāʻule inā holoi ʻia ke kahakaha airway. Hiki ke hoʻomau i ka scarr a i ʻole nā ​​ʻino.

Aia ka nānā i ka maʻi kumu. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai nui, ʻoiai ʻo nā mea me nā atelectasis maʻalahi ma hope o ke kahakaha ʻana he hopena maikaʻi loa.

Hiki ke hoʻomohala koke ka maʻi pneumonia ma hope o atelectasis i ka ʻāpana i hoʻopili ʻia o ka akemāmā.

Kāhea koke aku i kāu kahu mālama ola inā hoʻomōhala ʻoe i nā ʻōuli o atelectasis.

E pale aku atelectasis:

• Paipai i ka neʻe a me ka hanu ʻana i loko o kēlā me kēia mea e moe ana no nā wā lōʻihi.
• E mālama i nā mea liʻiliʻi mai kahi e hiki ai i nā keiki ʻōpio.
• Mālama i ka hanu hohonu ma hope o ka anesthesia.

Holo hāhā hapa

• ʻO Bronchoscopy
• Lungs
• ʻŌnaehana hanu

ʻO Carlsen KH, Crowley S, Smevik B. Atelectasis. I: Wilmott RW, Deterding R, Li A, et al. Nā maʻi o Kendig o ke ala hanu i nā keiki. 9th ed.Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 70.

Nagji AS, Jolissaint JS, Lau CL. Atelectasis. I: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, eds. ʻO Conn's Current Therapy 2021. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: 850-850.

Rozenfeld RA. Atelectasis. I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 437.