ʻ .pala hoʻomaʻemaʻe lepo

Loaʻa i nā mea holoi hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā kemika weliweli e hiki ke hoʻopōʻino i kou olakino inā ʻoe e ale iā lākou, hanu iā lākou i (inhale), a i ʻole inā pili lākou me kou ʻili a me kou mau maka.

Kūkākūkā kēia ʻatikala i ka lāʻau make mai ka ale ʻana a i ka hanu ʻana i ka mea holoi holoi.

ʻO kēia ʻatikala no ka ʻike wale nō. Mai hoʻohana ia mea e mālama a mālama i kahi lāʻau make maoli. Inā loaʻa ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi mea āu e launa pū ai, e kāhea i kāu helu pilikia kūloko (e like me 911), a i ʻole hiki ke kiʻi pololei ʻia i kahi kikowaena lāʻau make kūloko ma ke kāhea ʻana i ka laina laina kōkua Poison Help free (1-800-222-1222) mai nā wahi a ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

Sodium hydroxide

Loaʻa kēia lāʻau ʻona ma:

• ʻO kekahi mea holoi holoi
• ʻO kekahi huahana aquarium

Kahakaha: ʻAʻole paha piha kēia papa inoa.

ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka hoʻowahāwahā wai hoʻowahāwahā e hoʻopili ʻia:

• Paʻi ʻōpū (koʻikoʻi)
• Hoʻopilikia i ka hanu ʻana ma muli o ka pehu o ka puʻu
• ʻO nā wela o ka waha a me ka puʻu
• ʻEha ʻeha
• Hāneʻe
• Pohā
• Drooling
• Ka nalowale o ka ʻike inā pili ka lāʻau make i nā maka
• ʻEha waha (koʻikoʻi)
• Ka hāʻule wikiwiki ʻana o ke koko (haʻalulu)
• ʻEha ʻeha (ʻeha)
• ʻO nā wela nui a me nā hōʻino kino
• ʻO ka luaʻi, he koko pinepine

ʻO nā ʻōuli mai ka loaʻa ʻana o ka sodium hydroxide ma ka ʻili a i ʻole i nā maka me:

• Hoʻā ʻana
• ʻEha nui
• Lilo hihio

E ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau. Mai hoʻolei i kahi kanaka ke ʻole ke haʻi ʻia e Poison Control a i ʻole kahi ʻoihana mālama ola.

Inā ua ale ʻia ka kemikū, e hāʻawi koke i ka wai i ka mea a i ʻole ka waiū, ke ʻole ke aʻo ʻia e kahi mea mālama ola. MAI hāʻawi i ka wai a i ʻole ka waiū inā loaʻa ke kanaka i nā ʻōuli (e like me ka luaʻi, ka haunaele, a i ʻole ka pae o ka makaʻala i hōʻemi ʻia) e paʻakikī e ale.

Inā ma ka ʻili a i ʻole i nā maka ka kemika, e holoi me ka liʻiliʻi o 2 litre (1.8 liters) no 15 mau minuke.

MAI hāʻawi i ka vīnega a i ʻole ka wai lemon, no ka mea he kumu kēia e ʻoi aku ai ka wela i ka wela.

Kōkua ka ʻikepili aʻe no ke kōkua pilikia:

• ʻO ka makahiki o ke kanaka, kaupaona, a me ke kūlana
• Ka inoa o ka huahana (nā mea hoʻohui a me nā ikaika, inā ʻike ʻia)
• Ka manawa i ale ʻia
• Ua ale ʻia ka nui

Eia naʻe, mai hoʻopanee i ke kāhea ʻana i ke kōkua inā ʻaʻole loaʻa koke kēia ʻike.

Hiki ke kiʻi pololei ʻia i kāu kikowaena lāʻau make ma ke kāhea ʻana i ka laina laina kōkua Poison Help manuahi (1-800-222-1222) mai nā wahi a pau o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. E hoʻokuʻu kēia lālani lāhui iā ʻoe e kamaʻilio me nā loea i ka lāʻau make. E hāʻawi lākou iā ʻoe i nā ʻōkuhi ʻē aʻe.

He lawelawe manuahi kēia a pilikino. Hoʻohana nā kikowaena ʻona āpau i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i kēia helu aupuni. E kāhea ʻoe inā he nīnau kāu e pili ana i ka lāʻau make a i ʻole ka pale ʻana i ka lāʻau make. ʻAʻole pono ia e pilikia. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kāhea no nā kumu, 24 mau hola i ka lā, 7 mau lā o ka pule.

E ana a mālama ka mea hāʻawi i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ke kanaka, e like me ka mahana, ka pālū, ka hanu hanu, a me ke kahe o ke koko. E mālama ʻia nā ʻōuli ma ke kūpono. E loaʻa paha i ke kanaka:

• Kākoʻo Airway, e like me ka oxygen, paipu hanu ma o ka waha (intubation), a me ka mīkini hanu (ventilator)
• Nā hoʻāʻo ʻana o ke koko a me ka mimi
• ʻO ka pahu paʻi kiʻi i lalo o ka ʻāʻī (endoscopy) e ʻike ai i ke ahi i ka paipu meaʻai (esophagus) a me ka ʻōpū
• Pākuʻi x-ray
• EKG (electrocardiogram, a i ʻole ka huli puʻuwai)
• Nā Fluids ma o kahi aa (intravenous a i ʻole IV)
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama ai i nā ʻōuli

Hana ʻia nā lanahu, hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i nā ʻano ʻona ʻē aʻe i kahi lāʻau maikaʻi (adsorb) sodium hydroxide.

No ka hōʻike ʻana i ka ʻili, hiki i ka mālama ʻana ke:

• ʻO ka wehe ʻana o ka ʻili i puhi ʻia (debridement)
• Hoʻololi i kahi haukapila e loea i ka mālama ʻana i ka wela
• Holoi i ka ʻili (hawai), hiki paha i kēlā me kēia mau hola no nā lā he nui

Aia ka maikaʻi o ke kanaka ma muli o ka nui o nā lāʻau make i ale ʻia a me ka wikiwiki i loaʻa ai ka lāʻau. ʻO ka wikiwiki o ke kōkua olakino o kekahi kanaka, ʻo ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka manawa kūpono no ke ola ʻana.

ʻO ka ale ʻana i kēia ʻano lāʻau make hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena koʻikoʻi ma nā wahi he nui o ke kino. Kū mau ka ʻino i ka esophagus a me ka ʻōpū i mau pule ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka sodium hydroxide. Hiki ke make i kekahi mau mahina ma hope mai nā pilikia hou aʻe. ʻO nā puka (perforations) i ka esophagus a me ka ʻōpū ke kumu i nā maʻi ʻino i loko o nā wahi o ka umauma a me ka ʻōpū, a hiki i ka make. Pono paha ke kaha ʻana inā ua kāhiko ka kemika i ka esophagus, ʻōpū, a i ʻole ka ʻōpū.

ʻO Hoyte C. Caustics. I: Nā paia RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Nā Manaʻo Manaʻo a me ka hana lapaʻau. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 148.

Kostic MA. Poisoning. I: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St. Geme JW, Schor NF, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 20 ouk. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 63.

ʻO Thomas SHL. Poisoning. I: Ralston SH, Penman ID, Strachan MWJ, Hobson RP, eds. Nā Kumuhana a Davidson a me ka hana o ka lāʻau. 23rd Ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 7.