Nā pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona

Anter

• Pehea e hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolone
• Hoʻonohonoho kūlana kanesa
• Kahua 0
• Kahua 1
• Kahua 2
• Kahua 3
• Kahua 4
• Papa haʻahaʻa me ka papa kiʻekiʻe
• Nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona
• Nā hoʻāʻo e hoʻoholo ai i ke kahua maʻi ʻaʻai kolona
• Pehea e mālama ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona i kēlā me kēia pae
• ʻO ka lawe lawe ʻana

Pehea e hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolone

Inā ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona (ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka maʻi ʻaʻa kala), ʻo kekahi o nā mea mua a kāu kauka e makemake ai e hoʻoholo i ke kahua o kāu maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻO ke kahua e pili ana i ka nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai a me ka lōʻihi o kona laha ʻana. Pono ke kanulau kolone e hoʻoholo i ke ʻano lapaʻau maikaʻi loa.

Hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai Kolona ma kahi ʻōnaehana i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke Kōmike Hui Hui ʻAmelika no ka maʻi ʻaʻa i kapa ʻia ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho TNM.

Manaʻo ka ʻōnaehana i kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka tumoma mua (T). ʻO ka tumo mua e pili ana i ka nui o ka tumo kumu a inā ua ulu ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka paia o ke kolona a i pālahalaha ʻia i nā wahi kokoke.
• Nā pūnana lymph āpana (N). Nānā nā lymph node āpau inā paha ua hoʻolaha ʻia nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i nā pūnana lymph kokoke.
• ʻO nā metastases mamao (M): ʻO nā metastases mamao e pili ana inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai ke kolona i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, e like me nā akemāmā a i ʻole ke ake.

Hoʻonohonoho kūlana kanesa

Ma loko o kēlā me kēia mahele, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka maʻi a hāʻawi ʻia i helu a i ʻole kahi leka e hōʻike i ka nui o ka maʻi. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia mau hana i ke ʻano o ke kolona, ​​a me ka nui o ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o nā papa o ka pā kolone.

ʻO nā pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona penei:

Kahua 0

ʻO kēia ka pae mua loa o ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona a ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole ia i ulu ma ʻō aku o ka mucosa, a i ʻole ka papa o loko o ke kolona.

Kahua 1

Hōʻike ka maʻi maʻi kolone pae i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka ʻāpana o ke kolona, ​​i kapa ʻia ka mucosa, i ka papa aʻe o ke kolona, ​​i kapa ʻia ʻo submucosa. ʻAʻole ia i hohola i nā lymph node.

Kahua 2

I ke kahua maʻi ʻaʻai kolani 2, ʻoi aku ka holomua o ka maʻi ma mua o ka pae 1 a ua ulu aʻe ma ʻō aku o ka mucosa a me ka submucosa o ke kolona.

Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolamu pae ma ke ʻano he pae 2A, 2B, a i ʻole 2C:

• 2A kahua. ʻAʻole i pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā lymph node a i ʻole nā ​​mea kokoke. Ua hōʻea i nā papa o waho o ke kolona akā ʻaʻole ia i ulu nui i loko.
• Pae 2B. ʻAʻole i pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā lymph node, akā ua ulu ʻoiai ka papa o waho o ke kolona a me ka visceral peritoneum. ʻO kēia ka membrane e paʻa ana i nā ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū ma kahi.
• Kahua 2C. ʻAʻole i loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā lymph node kokoke, akā ma ka hoʻohui o ka ulu ʻana ma o ka papa waho o ke kolona, ​​ua ulu aʻe ia i nā meaola a i ʻole nā ​​hale kū kokoke.

Kahua 3

Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolamu pae ma ke ʻano he pae 3A, 3B, a me 3C:

• 3A kahua. Ua ulu ka tumo a i ʻole ma o nā papa muscular o ke kolona a loaʻa i nā lymph node kokoke. ʻAʻole ia i pālahalaha i nā aka mamao a i ʻole nā ​​ʻokena.
• Pae 3B. Ua ulu ka tumo ma o nā papa o waho loa o ke kolona a komo i loko o ka visceral peritoneum a i ʻole komo i nā mea ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā ​​kūkulu, a loaʻa i 1 a 3 mau lymph node. A i ʻole ʻaʻole ka tumo ma o nā papa o waho o ka pā kolone akā loaʻa ia ma 4 a ʻoi paha nā kiko lymph kokoke.
• Pae 3C. Ua ulu ka tumo ma ʻō aku o ka papa muscular a loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma 4 a ʻoi paha o nā lymph node kokoke, akā ʻaʻole naʻe nā pūnaewele mamao.

Kahua 4

Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolone pae i ʻelua mau ʻāpana, pae 4A a me 4B:

• 4A kahua. Kuhi kēia pae i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻokahi pūnaewele mamao loa, e like me ke ake a me nā akemāmā.
• Pae 4B. Kuhi kēia pae holomua loa o ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona i ka maʻi ʻana i laha ʻia i ʻelua a ʻoi paha mau pūnaewele mamao aku, e like me nā akemāmā a me ke ake.

Papa haʻahaʻa me ka papa kiʻekiʻe

Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ʻo ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona ma ke ʻano he kūlana haʻahaʻa a pae kiʻekiʻe paha.

Ke nānā ka pathologist i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai ma lalo o ka microscope, hāʻawi lākou i kahi helu mai 1 a 4 e pili ana i ka nui o nā hunaola e like me nā hunaola olakino.

ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka papa, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hiʻohiʻona o nā hunaola. ʻOiai hiki ke loli, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ulu ʻana o nā maʻi ʻohe haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai kiʻekiʻe. Manaʻo ʻia ka wānana he ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona haʻahaʻa.

Nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona

I ka wā mua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolone, ʻaʻohe pinepine nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona. Ma nā wā ma hope, ʻokoʻa nā ʻōuli ma muli o ka nui o ka tumo a me kahi o kāu ʻōpū nui.

Hiki i kēia mau ʻōuli ke komo pū me:

• hoʻololi i nā ʻōpū o ke aloha
• ke koko i ka pahu a kahe paha kahe
• abdominal eha
• luhi
• lilo kaumaha maopopo ʻole

Nā hoʻāʻo e hoʻoholo ai i ke kahua maʻi ʻaʻai kolona

Loaʻa nā koho loiloi 4 no ka maʻi ʻaʻai kala:

• ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka immunochemical fecal (FIT) i kēlā me kēia makahiki
• Kūpono i kēlā me kēia 2 makahiki
• sigmoidoscopy
• kolonekia

Wahi a ka American College of Physicians, he kolonoscopy ke hōʻike maʻamau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolone. Eia nō naʻe, inā no kekahi kumu, ʻaʻole ʻoe he moho kūpono no ka kolonekia, hōʻike lākou i kahi hōʻike FIT a me kahi sigmoidoscopy.

Inā ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i kahi hoʻokolohua FIT a i ʻole kahi sigmoidoscopy e hoʻāʻo maikaʻi no ka maʻi ʻaʻai kala, e hōʻike ana kāu mea mālama ola i kahi kolonexopy e hōʻoia i kāu ʻike.

ʻO kahi kolonoscopy kahi hoʻāʻo loiloi kahi e hoʻohana ai ke kauka i kahi pūlima lōʻihi a ʻikiʻī me kahi kamele liʻiliʻi i hoʻopili ʻia e ʻike i ka loko o kāu kolone.

Inā loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolone, pono pinepine ʻia nā hōʻoia hou e hoʻoholo i ka nui o ka tumo a inā ua pāhola ia ma ʻō aku o ke kolona.

Hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua diagnostics me ke kiʻi ʻana o ka ʻōpū, ka ate, a me ka umauma me ka CT scans, X-ray, a me ka MRI scans.

Aia paha he mau hanana kahi e hiki ʻole ai ke hoʻoholo piha i ka pae o ka maʻi a hiki i ka manawa ma hope o ka hoʻokō ʻia ʻana o ke kīpē kolona. Ma hope o ke kahakaha ʻana, hiki i kahi pathologist ke nānā i ka tumo mua me nā pūnana lymph i hoʻoneʻe ʻia, kahi e kōkua ai e hoʻoholo i ke kahua o ka maʻi.

Pehea e mālama ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona i kēlā me kēia pae

ʻO ka lāʻau i koi ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona ma ka pae o ka maʻi. E noʻonoʻo, e noʻonoʻo pū ka mālama ʻana i ka papa o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, kou makahiki, a me kou olakino holoʻokoʻa.

Wahi a ka American Cancer Society, maʻamau i kēlā me kēia pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona me kēia mau mea:

• Kahua 0. ʻO ke ʻoki kino pinepine wale nō ka lapaʻau e pono ai no ke kanesa maʻi kolone pae.
• Kahua 1. Paipai ʻia ke ʻoki wale no ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolone pae. Hoʻololi paha ke ʻano i hoʻohana ʻia ma muli o ka wahi a me ka nui o ka tumo.
• Kahua 2. Paipai ʻia ke ʻoki ʻana e wehe i ka mahele maʻi ʻaʻai o ke kolona a me nā pūnana lymph kokoke. Hiki ke koi ʻia ʻo Chemotherapy i kekahi mau ʻano, e like me ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai a kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole inā aia nā hiʻohiʻona kiʻekiʻe loa.
• Kahua 3. Hoʻopili ka mālama ʻana i ke ʻoki e wehe i ka tumo a me nā lymph node a ukali ʻia e chemotherapy. I kekahi mau hanana, koi ʻia paha ka radiation therapy.
• Kahua 4. Hoʻopili paha ka mālama ʻana me ke kaha ʻana, chemotherapy, a me ka radiation radiation. I kekahi mau hanana, koi ʻia paha ka lāʻau i hoʻomākaukau ʻia a i ʻole immunotherapy.

ʻO ka lawe lawe ʻana

E hoʻopili ka pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona i kāu nānā. Loaʻa ka poʻe i ʻike ʻia me ka maʻi ʻaʻai 1 a me 2 i ka nui o ke ola.

Hoʻomanaʻo, ʻo ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona ʻaʻole wale ka mea e hoʻoholo ai i nā helu ola. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i nā kumu he nui e hoʻopili i kāu kuana, e like me ka maikaʻi o kāu pane ʻana i ka mālama ʻana, kou makahiki, kou papa maʻi ʻaʻai, a me kou olakino holoʻokoʻa i ka manawa o ke kuhi.