Botulism: he aha ia, nā ʻōuli a me nā lāʻau

Anter

• Nā hōʻailona nui
• Nā kumu o ka botulism
• Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi
• Pehea e hōʻalo ai

He maʻi koʻikoʻi ʻo Botulism akā he maʻi laha ʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hana o botininum toxin i hana ʻia e ka bacteria ʻO Clostridium botulinum, kahi e loaʻa ai i ka lepo a mālama pono ʻole ʻia i nā meaʻai. Hiki i ka maʻi me kēia bacteria ke kumu i nā ʻōpū o ka gastrointestinal, e like me ka nausea, ka luaʻi a me ka diarrhea, a inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, hiki ke hopena i ka hōʻino ʻia o nā mākala.

Wahi a ke ala e komo ai ka toxin a me ka bacteria i ke kino, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka maʻi i:

• Botulism meaʻai, kahi e loaʻa ai i ka poʻe ka bacteria i ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai haumia a mālama kūpono ʻole ʻia paha;
• Botulism ʻeha, kahi ʻO Clostridium botulinum maʻi i ke kanaka ma o ka hoʻohaumia o nā ʻeha, ʻo ka nui loa o nā puʻupuʻu mau, nā māwae a i ʻole nā ​​ʻeha i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā nila i ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā mea hoʻohana lāʻau.
• Botulism ʻōpū, kahi e hoʻopaʻa ai ka bacteria iā ia iho i loko o ka ʻōpū a hoʻonui, me ka hana ʻana o ka toxin a me ka lawe ʻia ʻana e ke kino. ʻO kēia ʻano botulism ka mea maʻamau i nā poʻe i loaʻa i ke kīʻaha ʻōpū, loaʻa ka maʻi o Crohn a i hoʻohana paha i nā lāʻau ʻaloʻalo no ka manawa lōʻihi, kahi e hoʻololi ai i ka microbiota ʻōpū.

He mea nui e ʻike ʻia ka botulism e ke koko a me nā hoʻokolohua microbiological e hiki ai ke hoʻomaka i ka lapaʻau a pale i ka holomua o ka maʻi, a ʻo ia ka hopena o ke kīnā a i ʻole ka make.

Nā hōʻailona nui

Hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā ʻōuli Botulism ma waena o 4 a me 36 mau hola ma hope o ka komo ʻana o ka toxin i ke kino. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻopaʻi o ka toxin i ke koko, e ʻike koke ʻia nā ʻōuli, ʻo nā mea nui:

• Waha maloo;
• Hihio pālua;
• Haule o ka lihilihi luna;
• Ka paʻakikī e kia ana i ka hihiʻo ma nā mea kokoke;
• Nualea;
• Fiva;
• ʻO ka luaʻi;
• Pākuʻi;
• Pohā;
• Pilikia i ka ʻōlelo ʻana a me ka ale ʻana;
• Nāwaliwali holomua o nā mākala hanu;
• Nāwaliwali o nāʻiʻo o ka wāwae.

Ke holo nei ka maʻi, ʻoi aku ke koʻikoʻi a me ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻōuli, ma muli o ka nāwaliwali o nā mākia hanu, kahi e hopena ai i ka paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana, a he kumu ia e make ai ma muli o ka maʻi lōlō o nā mākala hanu.

I ke ʻano o ka botulism pēpē, i hōʻike ʻia e ke komo ʻana o nā koʻohune i loko o ke kino a me ka hana ʻana o nā toxins, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ke kiʻi maʻi mai ka paʻa liʻiliʻi a hiki i ka make koke. No laila, he mea nui e ʻike i ka botulism i nā ʻōuli mua e hiki ai ke hana i ka lāʻau. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka botulism pēpē.

Nā kumu o ka botulism

Hoʻokumu nui ʻia ʻo Botulism e ka ʻai ʻana o nā meaʻai i hoʻohaumia ʻia e nā bacteria a me kāna toxin. ʻO ke kumu nui o ka botulism pēpē ka ʻai ʻana o ka meli ma mua o ka makahiki mua o ka makahiki, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka pēpē kahi ʻōnaehana pale maikaʻi i hoʻomohala ʻia, maʻalahi ʻia i nā maʻi e nā koʻohune o ka manawa.

Mālama pū ʻia ka homemade i kahi nui o ka maʻi maʻi e ʻO Clostridium botulinum, no ka mea ke kū nei ka makū a me nā mea momona a me ka nele o ka oxygen e hiki ai i ka bacteria ke hoʻonui a hana i nā mea make i hiki ke pale aku i nā ʻōnaehana digestive o ke kino, e hopena ai i ka lāʻau make.

ʻO nā mea ʻai, nā iʻa, nā huaʻai a me nā mea ʻala ka mea nui o nā meaʻai. ʻO ka pīpī, nā mea hana waiū, ka puaʻa a me ka moa moa a me nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe hiki ke loaʻa i ka bacteria a i ʻole botulinum toxin. Eia pehea e pale ai i ka hoʻohaumia ʻai.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi

ʻO ke kuhi o ka botulism e hana ʻia e ke kauka e pili ana i ke kālailai ʻana i nā ʻōuli i hōʻike ʻia e ka mea maʻi, me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua koko a i ʻole nā ​​feces e hōʻike ana i ke kū ʻana o nā bacteria i ke kino. Ma hope o ke kuhi ʻana o ka maʻi, hoʻomaka ʻia ka lapaʻau a pono e lawe ʻia, ʻoi aku, ma kahi haukapila mai ka lawelawe ʻana o ka anti-botulinum serum e manaʻo ana e hoʻopau i nā hopena o ka toxin i loko o ke kino. Hoʻomaopopo pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka botulism.

Pehea e hōʻalo ai

ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e pale aku ai i ka botulism ma o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka meaʻai ma mua o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana a me ka ʻai ʻana, me ka nānā ʻana i nā kūlana mālama, ʻaʻole e waiho ana i ka meaʻai i kahi kaiāulu me kahi mahana ma luna o 15ºC, no ka laʻana. Hoʻohui ʻia, koi ʻia e hōʻalo i ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai i kēpau i loko o nā kini kēpau a i ʻole nā ​​aniani, a i ʻole he loli i ka ʻaʻala a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka meaʻai.