Pehea e hoʻoilina ai ʻo Sickle Cell Anemia?

Anter

• He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o kahi moʻokūʻauhau mana a recessive?
• ʻO ka anemia maʻi anemia autosomal a i ʻole ka pili wahine?
• Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke haʻi inā e hāʻawi wau i ka ʻāpana i kaʻu keiki?
• Pehea wau e ʻike ai inā he lawe wau?
• Ke laina lalo

He aha ka maʻi anemia o ka cell sickle?

ʻO ke anemia o ka cell Sickle kahi ʻano genetiko i kū mai ka wā hānau. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻano moʻomeheu e nā ʻāpana i hoʻololi ʻia a i ʻole hoʻololi ʻia mai kou makuahine, makua kāne, a i ʻole nā ​​mākua ʻelua.

ʻO nā kānaka me ka anemia ʻūmū sickle, he mau ʻulaʻula koko e like me ka crescent a i ʻole ka ʻino. ʻO kēia ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka moʻokūʻauhau hemoglobin. ʻO Hemoglobin ka mole ma nā hunaola ʻulaʻula e ʻae iā lākou e hāʻawi i ka oxygen i nā aʻa i loko o kou kino.

Hiki i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula ke ʻano maʻi ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia like ʻole. Ma muli o ko lākou ʻano kīnā ʻole, hiki iā lākou ke paʻa i loko o nā kīʻaha koko, e alakaʻi ai i nā ʻōuli ʻeha. Hoʻohui ʻia, make koke nā hunaʻi maʻi ʻoi aku ma mua o nā kahe koko ʻulaʻula maʻamau, i hiki ke alakaʻi i ka anemia.

ʻO kekahi, ʻaʻole naʻe nā mea āpau, hiki ke hoʻoilina ʻia nā kūlana kūʻauhau mai hoʻokahi a i ʻole ʻelua mau mākua. ʻO ka anemia sickle cell kekahi o kēia mau ʻano. ʻO kāna kumu hoʻoilina he recessive autosomal. He aha ke ʻano o kēia mau ʻōlelo? Pehea e hāʻawi pololei ai i ka anemia o ka maʻi maʻi mai ka makua a ke keiki? E heluhelu e ʻike hou aʻe.

He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o kahi moʻokūʻauhau mana a recessive?

Hoʻohana nā Geneticists i nā huaʻōlelo koʻikoʻi a recessive e wehewehe i ka likelihood o kekahi ʻano i hoʻoili ʻia i ka hanauna e hiki mai ana.

ʻElua kope āu o kēlā me kēia o kou gen - hoʻokahi mai kou makuahine a ʻo kekahi mai kou makuakāne mai. Kāhea ʻia kēlā me kēia kope o ka ʻāpana he allele. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i kahi ʻāpana nui mai kēlā me kēia mākua, kahi ʻelele recessive mai kēlā me kēia makua, a i ʻole kekahi o kēlā me kēia.

Hoʻokahuli nā ʻalike Dominant i nā alela resesive, no laila ko lākou inoa. ʻO kahi laʻana, inā hoʻoilina ʻoe i kahi allele recessive mai kou makuakāne a me kahi mea nui mai kou makuahine, e hōʻike maʻamau ʻoe i ke ʻano e pili ana i ka ʻāpana nui.

Loaʻa ke ʻano anemia o ka cell sickle i kahi allele recessive o ka gen hemoglobin. ʻO kēia ka mea pono iā ʻoe ʻelua kope o ka alele resessive - hoʻokahi mai kou makuahine a hoʻokahi mai kou makuakāne - i loaʻa i kēia ʻano.

ʻO ka poʻe i hoʻokahi a me ke kope recessive ʻē aʻe o ka allele ʻaʻole e loaʻa iā lākou ka maʻi anemia maʻi maʻi.

ʻO ka anemia maʻi anemia autosomal a i ʻole ka pili wahine?

ʻO Autosomal a me ka pili wahine e pili ana i ka chromosome e pili ana ka allele.

Loaʻa i loko o kēlā me kēia cell o kou kino he 23 mau chromosome. Ma loko o kēlā me kēia pālua, hoʻoilina ʻia kahi chromosome mai kou makuahine a ʻo kekahi mai kou makuakāne mai.

ʻO nā hui 22 mua o nā chromosome i kapa ʻia he autosome a like ia ma waena o nā kāne a me nā wahine.

Kāhea ʻia nā lua chromosome hope loa. Kūlike kēia mau chromosome ma waena o nā kāne. Inā he wahine ʻoe, ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi X chromosome mai kou makuahine a me kahi X chromosome mai kou makuakāne mai. Inā he kāne ʻoe, ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi X chromosome mai kou makuahine a me kahi chromosome Y mai kou makuakāne mai.

Pili ʻia kekahi mau ʻano kūlohelohe, pili ke ʻano o ka allele ma ka chromosome wahine a X a Y paha. ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe he autosomal, ʻo ia hoʻi aia ke alele ma kekahi o nā autosome.

ʻO ka allle sickle anemia allele he autosomal, ʻo ia hoʻi hiki ke loaʻa ma kekahi o nā 22 pai pālua o nā chromosome, akā ʻaʻole ma ka chromosome X a Y paha.

Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke haʻi inā e hāʻawi wau i ka ʻāpana i kaʻu keiki?

I mea e loaʻa ai ka maʻi anemia o ka cell sickle, pono ʻoe i ʻelua kope o ka allele cell sickle cell. Akā, pehea e pili ana i kēlā me hoʻokahi kope wale nō? ʻIke ʻia kēia poʻe he mau hāpai. ʻLelo ʻia lākou i ke ʻano o ka cell sickle, akā ʻaʻole ka anemia maʻi sickle.

Loaʻa i nā mea lawe kaʻa hoʻokahi alele mana nui a me nā alele recessive hoʻokahi. E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻo ka alele mana ka mea i hoʻokahuli i ka recessive, no laila ʻaʻohe o nā ʻōuli i nā ʻōuli o ke ʻano. Akā hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoili i ka allele recessive i kā lākou keiki.

Eia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona e hoʻohālikelike pehea e hiki ai kēia:

• Nānā 1. ʻAʻohe o ka makua i ka ʻeleu cellle sickle recessive. ʻAʻole e loaʻa i kekahi o kā lākou keiki i ka anemia maʻi maʻi maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​mea lawe i ka ʻeleu recessive.
• Manaʻo 2. ʻO kekahi makua he mea lawe ʻoiai ʻaʻole ka makua ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻohe o kā lākou keiki e loaʻa i ka anemia maʻi maʻi. Akā aia he 50 pākēneka manawa kūpono e lawe nā keiki.
• Manaʻo 3. Hāpai nā mākua ʻelua. Aia kahi 25 pakeneka kūpono e loaʻa i kā lākou keiki i ʻelua mau alela resessive, e hoʻoulu ana i ka anemia maʻi maʻi. Aia kekahi 50 pakeneka kūpono e lilo lākou i mea lawe. ʻO ka mea hope loa, aia nō hoʻi he 25 pākēneka hiki ke lawe ʻole kā lākou poʻe keiki i ka allele āpau.
• Nānā 4. ʻAʻole lawe hoʻokahi makua, akā ʻo ka maʻi maʻi maʻi anemia. ʻAʻole e loaʻa i kekahi o kā lākou keiki i ka anemia maʻi maʻi, akā e lawe lākou āpau.
• Nānā 5. ʻO kekahi makua he hāpai a ʻo ka maʻi maʻi maʻi anemia. Aia he 50 pākēneka manawa kūpono e loaʻa nā keiki i ka maʻi anemia maʻi maʻi a me ka 50 pākēneka hiki ke lawe lākou.
• Nānā 6. Loaʻa i nā mākua nā maʻi maʻi anemia ʻelua. Loaʻa i kā lākou poʻe keiki a pau ka maʻi anemia maʻi maʻi.

Pehea wau e ʻike ai inā he lawe wau?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi anemia cell sickle, akā ʻaʻohe āu iā ʻoe iho, he lawe paha ʻoe. Inā maopopo iā ʻoe nā ʻē aʻe i kou ʻohana, a i ʻole ʻaʻole maopopo iā ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mōʻaukala ʻohana, hiki i kahi hoʻāʻo maʻalahi ke kōkua inā hoʻoholo inā lawe ʻoe i ka allle cell allle.

Lawe kahi kauka i kahi laʻana koko liʻiliʻi, maʻamau mai ka manamana lima, a hoʻouna iā ia i kahi hale hana no ka loiloi. Ke mākaukau nā hopena, e hele pū kekahi aʻoaʻo aʻoaʻo pū me ʻoe me ʻoe e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i kou pilikia o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka allele i kāu poʻe keiki.

Inā ʻoe e halihali i ka allele recessive, he mea pono e lawe pū kāu hoa i ka hōʻike. Ke hoʻohana nei i nā hopena o kāu mau hoʻāʻo ʻelua, hiki i ke kākāʻōlelo kōkua ke kōkua iā ʻoe ʻelua e hoʻomaopopo i ka hopena a i ʻole ka hopena o ka anemia maʻi maʻi i nā keiki e hiki mai ana.

Ke laina lalo

ʻO ke anemia cell sickle kahi ʻano moʻokalaleo i loaʻa kahi ʻano hoʻoilina hoʻoilina autosomal. ʻO kēia ka manaʻo ʻaʻole pili ka ʻano i nā chromosome wahine. Pono e loaʻa i kekahi i ʻelua kope o kahi alele resessive i mea e loaʻa ai ke ʻano. ʻO nā kānaka i loaʻa hoʻokahi a me nā ʻeleu recessive āpau i kapa ʻia he poʻe lawe.

Nui a ʻokoʻa nā hanana hoʻoilina no ka anemia maʻi pahū, e kaukaʻi ʻia i nā genetics o nā mākua ʻelua. Inā hopohopo ʻoe hiki i kāu a i ʻole kāu pakanā ke hoʻoili i ka allele a i ʻole ke ʻano i kāu mau keiki, hiki i kahi hoʻokolohua kūlohelohe maʻalahi ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻokele i nā hanana kūpono āpau.