Hōʻike PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen)

Anter

• He aha ka hōʻike PSA?
• Nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa e pili ana i ka hōʻike PSA
• No ke aha e pono ai kahi hōʻike PSA?
• Pehea wau e hoʻomākaukau ai no kahi hōʻike PSA?
• Pehea e alakaʻi ʻia ai kahi hōʻike PSA?
• He aha nā pilikia o kahi hōʻike PSA?
• He aha kaʻu e manaʻo ai ma hope o kahi hōʻike PSA?
• Q:
• A:

Hoʻopili mākou i nā huahana a mākou e manaʻo nei he pono no kā mākou poʻe heluhelu. Inā kūʻai ʻoe ma o nā loulou i kēia ʻaoʻao, loaʻa iā mākou kahi kōmike liʻiliʻi. Eia kā mākou hana.

He aha ka hōʻike PSA?

ʻO kahi antigen kikoʻī prostate (PSA) e ana i ka pae o PSA i ke koko o ke kāne. ʻO PSA kahi protein i hana ʻia e nā hunaola o kāu prostate, kahi gland liʻiliʻi ma lalo o kāu bladder. Hoʻopili ʻo PSA ma waena o kou kino holoʻokoʻa i nā pae haʻahaʻa i nā manawa āpau.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa kahi hōʻike PSA a hiki ke ʻike i nā pae kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka awelika o PSA. Hiki i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o PSA ke hoʻopili ʻia me ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate ma mua o ka ʻike ʻia o nā hōʻailona kino. Eia nō naʻe, manaʻo paha nā pae kiʻekiʻe o PSA he kūlana noncancerous kāu e hoʻonui nei i kāu pae PSA.

Wahi a ka, ʻo ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate ka maʻi ʻaʻai nui ma waena o nā kāne ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai non-melanoma.

ʻAʻole hāʻawi kahi hōʻike PSA wale nō i ka ʻike kūpono no kāu kauka e hana ai i kahi hōʻailona. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kāu kauka ke lawe i nā hopena o kahi hoʻokolohua PSA i ka wā e hoʻāʻo ana e hoʻoholo inā paha kāu mau hōʻailona a me nā hopena hōʻike e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole kahi ʻano ʻē aʻe.

Nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa e pili ana i ka hōʻike PSA

Kūpilikiʻi nā hoʻokolohua PSA ma muli o ka maopopo ʻole o nā kauka a me nā loea inā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka loaʻa mua ma mua o nā pilikia o ka misdiagnosis. ʻAʻole maopopo ia inā hoʻōla ola ka hōʻike loiloi.

Ma muli o ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻowalewale a hiki ke ʻike i ka hoʻonui ʻia o nā helu PSA ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻike paha ia i ka maʻi ʻaʻa liʻiliʻi e lilo i mea hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. ʻO ka mea like wale nō, koho ka hapa nui o nā kauka mālama mua a me nā urologist e kauoha i ka PSA ma ke ʻano he hōʻike loiloi i nā kāne ma mua o 50 mau makahiki.

Kapa ʻia kēia ʻo overdiagnosis. Hiki i nā kāne hou ke kū i nā pilikia a me nā pilikia o nā hopena ʻaoʻao mai ka mālama ʻana i kahi ulu liʻiliʻi ma mua o kā lākou inā e waiho ʻole ʻia kā lākou maʻi ʻaʻai.

Ke kānalua nei kēlā mau maʻi ʻalā liʻiliʻi e hana i nā hōʻailona nui a me nā pilikia no ka mea ʻo ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate, ma ka hapanui akā ʻaʻole nā ​​hihia āpau, kahi maʻi maʻi lohi loa.

ʻAʻole nō hoʻi he pae kikoʻī o PSA i manaʻo ʻia he maʻamau no nā kāne āpau. I ka wā ma mua, ua noʻonoʻo nā kauka i kahi pae PSA o 4.0 nanograms i kēlā me kēia milliliter a i ʻole haʻahaʻa e maʻamau, e hōʻike ana i ka.

Eia nō naʻe, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi hou i kekahi mau kāne me nā pae haʻahaʻa o PSA i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate a nui ʻole nā ​​kāne me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o PSA i loaʻa ʻole i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ka Prostatitis, nā maʻi maʻi urinary, kekahi mau lāʻau, a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe i hiki ke hoʻololi i kāu pae PSA.

Hoʻohui kekahi mau hui, e like me ka US Preventive Services Task Force, i nā kāne 55 a 69 mau makahiki e hoʻoholo no lākou iho inā e hoʻāʻo i kahi hōʻike PSA, ma hope o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kā lākou kauka. ʻAʻole koi ʻia ka nānā ʻana ma hope o ka makahiki 70.

No ke aha e pono ai kahi hōʻike PSA?

Kūpono nā kāne āpau i ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe e hoʻomohala iā ia. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• ʻelemakule kāne
• Nā kāne ʻApelika ʻAmelika
• nā kāne me ka moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate

Hiki i kāu kauka ke koi i kahi hōʻike PSA e nānā no nā hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate. Wahi a ka American Cancer Society, hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻohana i kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua pololei e nānā ai no ka ulu ʻana. I kēia hoʻokolohua, e kau lākou i kahi manamana lima lima lima i loko o kāu kiko e ʻike i kāu prostate.

Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate, kauoha paha kāu kauka i kahi hōʻike PSA:

• e hoʻoholo i nā mea e hopena i kahi kino kino ma kāu prostate i loaʻa i ka wā o kahi hoʻokolohua kino
• e kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai ka lāʻau, inā ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate
• e nānā i kāu mālama maʻi ʻaʻai prostate

Pehea wau e hoʻomākaukau ai no kahi hōʻike PSA?

Inā noi kāu kauka e loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hoʻokolohua PSA, e ʻike pono ua ʻike lākou i nā lāʻau a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā huaora, a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻopihapiha āu e lawe ai. Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau ke kumu i ka haʻahaʻa o nā hopena hōʻike.

Inā manaʻo kāu kauka e hoʻopili paha kāu lāʻau i nā hopena, hoʻoholo paha lākou e noi i kahi hoʻokolohua ʻokoʻa a noi paha iā ʻoe e hōʻalo i ka lawe ʻana i kāu lāʻau no kekahi mau lā i ʻoi aku ka pololei o kāu hopena.

Pehea e alakaʻi ʻia ai kahi hōʻike PSA?

E hoʻouna ʻia kahi laʻana o kou koko i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua no ka hoʻokolokolo hou ʻana. No ka huki ʻana i ke koko mai ke aʻa a i ʻole ka uaua, hoʻokomo pinepine kahi mea mālama ola i kahi nila i loko o kou kuʻe lima.ʻIke paha ʻoe i kahi ʻeha, ʻehaʻeha a ʻeha hoʻi i ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o ka nila i loko o kou aa.

Ke hōʻiliʻili lākou i lawa ke koko no ka laʻana, e hoʻoneʻe lākou i ka nila a paʻa i ke kaomi i ka wahi e hōʻoki i ke kahe. A laila e kau lākou i kahi kaula lina ma luna o ka pūnaewele hoʻokomo inā he nui kou kahe.

E hoʻouna ʻia kāu hāpana koko i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a me ke kālailai ʻana. E noi i kāu kauka inā e ukali lākou me ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mau hopena, a i ʻole inā e hana i kahi manawa e hele mai e kūkā kamaʻilio i kāu hopena.

Hiki ke hana ʻia kahi hōʻike PSA me kahi pahu hoʻāʻo ma ka home. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i kahi pahu hoʻāʻo ma ka pūnaewele mai LetsGetChecked ma aneʻi.

He aha nā pilikia o kahi hōʻike PSA?

Kuhi ʻia ke kaha kiʻi ʻana i ke koko. Eia nō naʻe, no ka mea, ʻokoʻa nā aʻa a me nā aʻa i ka nui a me ka hohonu, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi laʻana koko.

Pono paha ka mea mālama ola nāna e huki i kou koko e hoʻāʻo i mau veins i nā wahi he nui i kou kino ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke lawa ke koko.

ʻO ka huki ʻana i ke koko kekahi mau mea ʻino ʻē aʻe. Hoʻopili kēia i ka makaʻu o:

• maule ana
• kahe nui ke koko
• ʻoliʻoli a luliluli paha
• he maʻi maʻi ma ka pūnaewele puncture
• kahi hematoma, a i ʻole ke koko i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma lalo o ka ʻili, ma ke kiko puncture

Hiki i kahi hōʻike PSA ke hana i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole maikaʻi. A laila manaʻo paha kāu kauka he maʻi ʻaʻai prostate ʻoe a koi aku i kahi biopsy prostate ke ʻaʻohe ou maʻi ʻaʻai.

He aha kaʻu e manaʻo ai ma hope o kahi hōʻike PSA?

Inā hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia kāu pae PSA, pono paha ʻoe i nā hoʻokolohua hou aʻe e aʻo i ke kumu. Ma mua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate, hiki i nā kumu no ka piʻi ʻana o PSA e:

• kahi hoʻokomo o kahi paipu catheter i loko o kāu pēke e kōkua ai i ka hemo ʻana i ka mimi
• nā hoʻokolohua hou ʻana i kāu bladder a prostate paha
• he maʻi maʻi urinary tract
• prostatitis, a i ʻole he prostate hoʻāʻo
• he prostate maʻi maʻi
• benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a i ʻole he prostate hoʻonui ʻia

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate a i ʻole kānalua paha kāu kauka he maʻi ʻaʻai prostate paha ʻoe, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi hōʻike PSA ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o nā hui nui aʻe e ʻike a ʻike i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe āu e pono ai:

• he hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua
• kahi hōʻike PSA (fPSA) manuahi
• nā hoʻāʻo PSA hou
• he biopsy prostate

Q:

He aha nā hōʻailona maʻamau o ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate e pono iaʻu e makaʻala?

A:

ʻOiai ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai prostate i mau ʻōuli, hoʻomohala ʻia nā hōʻailona maʻi ke holomua ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻōuli maʻamau e pili pū me: ka paʻakikī me ka urination (e laʻa me ke kanalua a i ʻole ka dribbling, kahe mimi maikaʻi ʻole); ke koko i ka mānoanoa; ke koko i ka mimi (hematuria); ʻeha o ka pelvic a i ʻole ka ʻaoʻao rectal; a me ka hana erectile (ED).