He aha ka Paraparesis a pehea e mālama ʻia ai?

Anter

• He aha ka paraparesis?
• He aha nā hōʻailona mua?
• Hereditary spastic paraparesis (HSP)
• Nā papahana spastic spastic (TSP)
• He aha ke kumu o ka paraparesis?
• Nā Kumu o HSP
• Nā kumu o TSP
• Pehea ia ʻike?
• Nānā HSP
• Kuhi ʻia ʻo TSP
• He aha nā koho lapaʻau e loaʻa ai?
• He aha e manaʻo ai
• Me HSP
• Me TSP

He aha ka paraparesis?

Kū ʻo Paraparesis ke hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke neʻe hapa i kou mau wāwae. Hiki i ke ʻano ke kuhikuhi i ka nāwaliwali i kou hiʻupuʻu a me kou mau wāwae. He ʻokoʻa ʻo Paraparesis mai ka paraplegia, e kuhikuhi nei i ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻoneʻe i kou mau wāwae.

Kēia hapa lilo o ka hana hiki ke kumu e:

• ʻeha
• nā maʻi genetika
• he maʻi maʻi maʻi
• Ka loaʻa ʻole o ka wikamina B-12

E hoʻomau i ka heluhelu ʻana e aʻo hou ai e pili ana i ke kumu o kēia, pehea e hiki ai, a me nā koho lapaʻau a me nā mea hou aʻe.

He aha nā hōʻailona mua?

Nā hopena Paraparesis mai ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa a i ʻole ka hōʻino ʻana i kāu mau ala nerve. E uhi kēia ʻatikala i nā ʻano nui ʻelua o ka paraparesis - genetic and infectious.

Hereditary spastic paraparesis (HSP)

ʻO HSP kahi hui o nā maʻi ʻōnaehana e hoʻonāwaliwali a me ka ʻoʻoleʻa - a i ʻole ka spasticity - o nā wāwae e ʻinoʻino ana i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa.

ʻO kēia hui o nā maʻi i ʻike ʻia he ʻohana spastic paraplegia a me Strumpell-Lorrain maʻi. Ua hoʻoili ʻia kēia ʻano kūpuna mai hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha o kou mau mākua.

Ua manaʻo ʻia he 10,000 a 20,000 paha ka poʻe ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i loaʻa iā HSP. E hoʻomaka paha nā ʻōuli ma kēlā me kēia makahiki, akā no ka hapanui o ka poʻe ʻike mua ʻia lākou ma waena o nā makahiki he 10 a 40 mau makahiki.

Hoʻonoho ʻia nā ʻano o HSP i ʻelua mau ʻāpana like ʻole: maʻemaʻe a paʻakikī hoʻi.

Pure HSP: Loaʻa nā HSP maʻa mau loa:

• hoʻonāwaliwali iki a hoʻoikaika i nā wāwae
• pilikia paʻakikī
• ʻūʻū nā mākala i nā wāwae
• kakaka wāwae kiʻekiʻe
• hoʻololi i ka manaʻo i nā wāwae
• nā pilikia urinary, me ka wikiwiki a me ka pinepine
• ka hana erectile

HSP paʻakikī: Ma kahi o 10 pākēneka o ka poʻe me HSP paʻakikī iā HSP. I kēia palapala, hoʻokomo nā ʻōuli i kēlā o ka HSP maʻemaʻe a me kekahi o nā hōʻailona aʻe:

• ka loaʻa ʻole o ka kaohi mākala
• ka hopu ʻana
• hoʻohaʻahaʻa manaʻo
• lualua
• nā pilikia ʻike a i ʻole hoʻolohe
• nā pilikia neʻe
• ʻO ka neuropathy ākea, kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻonāwaliwali, numbness, a me ka ʻeha, maʻamau i nā lima a me nā wāwae
• ichthyosis, ka hopena o ka ʻili maloʻo, mānoanoa, a me ka unahi ʻana

Nā papahana spastic spastic (TSP)

ʻO TSP kahi maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana hopohopo e hoʻonā i ka nāwaliwali, ʻoʻoleʻa, a me nā ʻāʻī o nā wāwae i nā wāwae. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e ka maʻi T-cell lymphotrophic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). ʻIke ʻia ʻo TSP ʻo HTLV-1 pili i ka myelopathy (HAM).

Hana ʻia ia i nā poʻe ma nā wahi kokoke i ka equator, e like me:

• ka Caribbean
• ʻĀkulika huinahaloa
• Iapana hema
• ʻAmelika Hema

Kuhi ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa i ka maʻi virus HTLV-1. Ma lalo o 3 pākēneka o lākou e hoʻomau i ka hoʻomohala ʻana iā TSP. Hoʻopili ʻo TSP i nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. Hiki paha ia i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO ka makahiki maʻamau he 40 a 50 mau makahiki.

ʻO nā hōʻailona me:

• hoʻonāwaliwali iki a hoʻoikaika i nā wāwae
• ʻeha hope e hoʻomālamalama i nā wāwae
• paresthesia, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻā ʻana a kuni paha
• nā pilikia urinary a i ʻole ʻōpū
• ka hana erectile
• nā kūlana ʻili hoʻowahāwahā, e like me dermatitis a i ʻole psoriasis

I nā hihia maʻamau, hiki i ka TSP ke kumu:

• pehu ka maka
• ʻōiwi
• ʻōhū o ka māmā
• hoʻāhu mākala
• maka maloo hoʻomau

He aha ke kumu o ka paraparesis?

Nā Kumu o HSP

He maʻi maʻi HSP, ʻo ia hoʻi ua hala ʻia mai nā mākua i nā keiki. Aia ma mua o 30 mau ʻano a me nā subtypes o ka HSP. Hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia nā genes me nā mana o ka hoʻoilina, recessive, a i ʻole X i hoʻopili ʻia.

ʻAʻole nā ​​keiki āpau i kahi ʻohana e hoʻomohala i nā ʻōuli. Eia nō naʻe, he lawe lākou i ka ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa.

Ma kahi o 30 pākēneka o ka poʻe me HSP ʻaʻohe o lākou moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi. I kēia mau hihia, hoʻomaka lōkahi ka maʻi ma ke ʻano he hoʻololi genetic hou i hoʻoili ʻole ʻia mai nā mākua ʻelua.

Nā kumu o TSP

Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo TSP e HTLV-1. Hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ka maʻi mai kekahi kanaka a i kekahi aʻe ma o:

• hānai umauma
• kaʻana like ʻana i nā nila kele i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka lāʻau hoʻoweliweli
• hana moekolohe
• hoʻoliʻiliʻi koko

ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolaha aku iā HTLV-1 ma o ka launa maʻamau, e like me ka lululima ʻana, ka pūliki ʻana, a me ke kaʻana like ʻana i ka lua.

Ma lalo o 3 pākēneka o ka poʻe i ʻaelike i ka maʻi HTLV-1 e hoʻomohala iā TSP.

Pehea ia ʻike?

Nānā HSP

No ke kuhikuhi ʻana iā HSP, e nānā ana kāu kauka iā ʻoe, e noi i kāu mōʻaukala ʻohana, a kāpae i nā kumu kūpono ʻē aʻe o kāu mau hōʻailona.

E kauoha paha kāu kauka i nā hoʻokolohua diagnostics, me:

• uila (EMG)
• hoʻopaʻa haʻawina hoʻāʻo nerve
• MRI scans o kou lolo a me ka iwi kuamoʻo
• hana koko

E kōkua nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo i kāu kauka e ʻokoʻa ma waena o HSP a me nā kumu kūpono ʻē aʻe o kāu mau ʻōuli. Loaʻa ka hoʻāʻo genetic no kekahi ʻano o ka HSP.

Kuhi ʻia ʻo TSP

Hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻia ʻo TSP ma muli o kāu mau ʻōuli a me ka likelihood i ʻike ʻia ʻoe i HTLV-1. E nīnau paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e pili ana i kāu moʻaukala a inā paha ʻoe i injected i nā lāʻau ma mua.

Hiki iā lākou ke kauoha aku i kahi MRI o kou kuamoʻo a i ʻole ka ʻūʻū e ʻohiʻohi i kahi hāpana o ka cerebrospinal fluid. E hoʻāʻo ʻia kou wai ākea a me kou koko no ka maʻi maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻino i ka maʻi.

He aha nā koho lapaʻau e loaʻa ai?

Mālama ʻia ka lapaʻau ʻana no HSP a me TSP ma ke kōkua ʻana i nā hōʻailona ma o ka hoʻoikaika kino ʻana, hoʻoikaika kino, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hāmeʻa kōkua.

Hiki i ke olakino kino ke kōkua iā ʻoe e mālama a hoʻomaikaʻi i kou ikaika i ka mākala a me ke ʻano o ka neʻe. Hiki iā ia ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hōʻalo i nā maʻi puʻe. Ke holo nei ka maʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka kuʻekuʻe wāwae, ke kō, ka mea hele wāwae, a i ʻole ka noho huila e kōkua iā ʻoe e hele a puni.

Hiki i nā lāʻau ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻeha, ka ʻāʻī o ka ʻili, a me ka spasticity. Hiki i nā lāʻau ke kōkua i ke kaohi ʻana i nā pilikia mimi a me nā maʻi pākī.

ʻO Corticosteroids, e like me prednisone (Rayos), hiki ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka mumū o ke kuamoʻo ma TSP. ʻAʻole lākou e hoʻololi i ka hopena lōʻihi o ka maʻi, akā hiki iā lākou ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻokele i nā ʻōuli.

i ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o nā lāʻau antiviral a interferon e hana ʻia nei no TSP, akā ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau.

He aha e manaʻo ai

E loli ana kāu kuanaʻike pilikino e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka pararesis i loaʻa iā ʻoe a me kona koʻikoʻi. ʻO kāu kauka kāu kumuwaiwai ʻoi loa no ka ʻike e pili ana i ke ʻano a me nā hopena e hiki ai i kou ola.

Me HSP

Hiki paha i kekahi poʻe i loaʻa ka HSP ke ʻike i nā ʻōuli mālie, ʻoiai ʻo kekahi e hoʻomohala i ke kīnā ma ka manawa. ʻO ka hapanui o ka poʻe me ka HSP maʻemaʻe kahi manaʻolana ola maʻamau.

ʻO nā pilikia kūpono o ka HSP me:

• ka paʻa ʻana o ka bipi keiki
• wāwae anu
• luhi
• ʻeha ke kua a me ke kuli
• kaumaha a me ke kaumaha

Me TSP

ʻO TSP kahi ʻano mau e ʻino mau i ka manawa. Eia naʻe, kākaʻikahi ka hoʻoweliweli o ke ola. Noho ka hapa nui o nā kānaka i mau mau makahiki ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻana. ʻO ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi urinary tract a me nā ʻeha ʻili e kōkua i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka lōʻihi a me ka maikaʻi o kou ola.

ʻO ka pilikia koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi HTLV-1 ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka leukemia T-cell makua a i ʻole lymphoma. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 5 pākēneka o nā kānaka me ka maʻi viral e hoʻomohala i ka leukemia T-cell makua, pono ʻoe e makaʻala i ka hiki. E nānā pono i ka nānā ʻana o kāu kauka.