ʻO Neuritis Optic

Anter

• ʻO wai ka makaʻu no ka neuritis optic?
• He aha ke kumu o ka neuritis optic?
• He aha nā hōʻailona o ka optic neuritis?
• Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka neuritis optic?
• He aha nā hōʻailona no ka neuritis optic?
• He aha ka manaʻo lōʻihi?

He aha ka neuritis optic?

Lawe ke aʻalolo optic i ka ʻike ʻike mai kou maka i kou lolo. ʻO Optic neuritis (ON) ka manawa e wela ai kou nerve optic.

Hiki i ON ke lele koke mai kahi maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi nerve. Hoʻokumu pinepine ka mumū i ka nalo ʻana o ka hihiʻo kūlohelohe e hana maʻamau i ka maka hoʻokahi wale nō. ʻO ka poʻe me ON i kekahi manawa ʻike i ka ʻeha.Ke ola ʻoe a hele aku ka mumū, e hoʻi paha kāu hihi.

ʻO nā hopena ʻē aʻe i hopena i nā ʻōuli e like me ka ON. Hiki i nā kauka ke hoʻohana i ka tomography coherence tomography (OCT) a i ʻole ke kiʻi magnetic resonance (MRI) e kōkua i ka ʻike i ka ʻike pololei.

ʻAʻole koi ʻo ON i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a hiki ke hoʻōla iā ia iho. Hiki i nā lāʻau, e like me corticosteroids, ke kōkua i ka wikiwiki ʻana. ʻO ka hapanui o ka poʻe ʻike ON ua piha (a ʻaneʻane piha paha) ka hihiʻo hou i loko o ʻelua a ʻekolu mau mahina, akā hiki paha i 12 mau mahina ke loaʻa ka ʻike hou.

ʻO wai ka makaʻu no ka neuritis optic?

E hoʻomohala hou aku paha ʻoe iā ON inā:

• he wahine ʻoe ma waena o nā makahiki 18 a 45
• ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe me ka sclerosis (MS)
• noho ʻoe ma kahi latitude kiʻekiʻe (e laʻa me Northern United States, New Zealand)

He aha ke kumu o ka neuritis optic?

ʻAʻole maopopo maikaʻi ke kumu o ON. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hihia idiopathic, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻohe o lākou kumu i ʻike ʻia. ʻO MS ke kumu i ʻike nui ʻia. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ON ka manawa mua o ka hōʻailona mua o MS. Hiki i ka ON ke pili i ka maʻi a i ʻole kahi pane ʻōnaehana immune.

Nā maʻi nerve e hiki ke kumu iā ON:

• MS
• optic neuromyelitis
• ʻO ka maʻi o Schilder (kahi kūlana demyelinating mau e hoʻomaka i ka wā kamaliʻi)

ʻO nā maʻi ʻino e hoʻokumu iā ON pū kekahi:

• puʻupuʻu
• ʻūlaʻi
• maʻi puʻu
• Maʻi Lyme
• encephalitis viral
• sinusitis
• meningitis
• ʻalalā

ʻO nā kumu ʻē aʻe o ON ka:

• sarcoidosis, kahi maʻi e hoʻoulu ai i nā mea like ʻole a me nā mea like ʻole
• ʻO Guillain-Barre Syndrome, kahi maʻi kahi e hoʻouka ai kāu ʻōnaehana pale pale i kou ʻōnaehana makaʻu
• hopena postvaccination, kahi pale pale ma hope o nā lāʻau āpau
• kekahi mau kemika a lāʻau paha

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka optic neuritis?

ʻO nā hōʻailona maʻamau ʻekolu o ON ʻo:

• nalowale ka hihiʻo ma ka maka hoʻokahi, hiki ke ʻokoʻa mai ke akahai a i ʻole koʻikoʻi a paʻa no 7 a 10 mau lā
• ʻeha periocular, a i ʻole ʻeha a puni kou maka i hōʻino pinepine ʻia e nā neʻe o ka maka
• dyschromatopsia, a i ʻole hiki ʻole ke ʻike pololei i nā kala

Hiki i nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe ke hoʻopili pū me:

• photopsia, ke ʻike aku nei i nā kukui uila (i ka ʻaoʻao) i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau maka
• hoʻololi i ke ʻano o ka hana a ka haumāna i ka mālamalama mālamalama
• ʻO ka hanana Uhthoff (a i ʻole ka hōʻailona o Uhthoff), ke kaumaha ka ʻike maka me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka mahana o ke kino

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka neuritis optic?

ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua kino, nā ʻōuli, a me nā mōʻaukala olakino ke kumu o ka hōʻoia o ON. I hōʻoia i ka hoʻoponopono pololei ʻana, hiki i kāu kauka ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua hou e hoʻoholo ai i ke kumu o kāu ON.

Nā ʻano o nā maʻi e hiki ke kumu i ka neuritis optic pū:

• maʻi demyelinating, e like me MS
• nā neuropathies autoimmune, e like me ka systemic lupus erythematosus
• neuropathies compressive, e like me meningioma (kahi ʻano o ka lolo tumo)
• nā kūlana hoʻāla, e like me sarcoidosis
• maʻi, e like me sinusitis

ʻO ON ka mumū o ke aʻalolo optic. Nā kūlana me nā ʻōuli e like me ON ʻaʻole hoʻohalahala pū:

• neuropathy ischemic optic mua
• leber hereditary optic neuropathy

Ma muli o ka pilina pili loa ma waena o ON a me MS, makemake paha kāu kauka e hana i nā hōʻike aʻe:

• OCT scanner, ka mea e nānā i nā aʻalolo i ka hope o kou maka
• lolo MRI scan, kahi e hoʻohana ai i kahi kahua magnet a me nā nalu lekiō e hana i kahi kiʻi kikoʻī o kou lolo
• CT scan, ka mea e hana i kahi kiʻi X-ray ʻāpana o kou lolo a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o kou kino

He aha nā hōʻailona no ka neuritis optic?

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hihia o ON e hoʻi me ka ʻole o ka lāʻau. Inā ʻo kāu ON ka hopena o kahi kūlana ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i kēlā ʻano e hoʻonā pinepine i ka ON.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa no ON me:

• methylprednisolone intravenous (IVMP)
• intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)
• nā ʻoki interferon

Loaʻa paha nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā corticosteroids e like me IVMP. Loaʻa nā hopena ʻē aʻe o ka IVMP me ke kaumaha loa a me ka pancreatitis.

ʻO nā hopena ʻē aʻe o ka mālama ʻana i ka steroid me:

• haunaele hiamoe
• loli ke ʻano mālie
• huhū ka ʻōpū

He aha ka manaʻo lōʻihi?

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe me ON e loaʻa i ka hapa e hoʻopau i ka ʻike hou i loko o 6 a 12 mau mahina. Ma hope iho, hoʻemi nā helu hoʻōla a paʻa mau ka pōʻino. ʻOiai me ka loaʻa hou o ka hihiʻo, he nui ka nui o nā mea i hōʻino ʻia i ko lākou aʻa optic.

ʻO ka maka kahi ʻāpana nui o ke kino. E kamaʻilio i nā hōʻailona hōʻailona o ka pohō mau me kāu kauka ma mua o ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi. Hoʻopili kēia mau hōʻailona hōʻailona me ka ʻino o kāu hihi ma mua o ʻelua pule a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻole ma hope o ʻewalu pule.