He aha nā hypochromia a me nā kumu nui

Anter

• Pehea e maopopo ai i ka hypochromia i ka helu o ke koko
• Nā kumu o hypochromia
• 1. Anemia hemahema hao
• 2. Thalassemia
• 3. Anemia Sideroblastic

ʻO Hypochromia kahi manawa e pili ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hemoglobin o ke koko ʻulaʻula ma mua o ka maʻamau, ke nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope me kahi kala māmā. I ke kiʻi o ke koko, loiloi ʻia ka hypochromia e ka papa kuhikuhi HCM, i kapa ʻia ʻo Average Corpuscular Hemoglobin, e hōʻike ana i ka awelika o ka hemoglobin i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, i manaʻo ʻia he waiwai maʻamau ka 26 a 34 pg a i ʻole ke keʻena hoʻokolohua kahi i ua hana ʻia ka hōʻike.

ʻOiai HCM e hōʻike nei i ka hypochromia, he mea nui e loiloi ʻia nā erythrocytes i ka microscopically e like me ka hiki ke nānā no nā loli ʻē aʻe a hōʻike inā he maʻamau ka hypochromia, akahele, akahai a ikaika paha. ʻO ka maʻamau no ka hypochromia e hele pū me microcytosis, ʻo ia ka wā e liʻiliʻi ai nā hunaola ʻulaʻula ma mua o ka maʻamau. E ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i ka microcytosis.

Pehea e maopopo ai i ka hypochromia i ka helu o ke koko

I ka hopena o ka helu ʻana o ke koko he mea hiki ke kākau ʻia i ʻike ʻia he hypochromia akahai, akahai a ikaika paha, a ʻo ia hoʻi ma hope o ka heluhelu ʻana i 5 a 10 mau kahua o ke kahe o ke koko, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma hope o ka nānā ʻana ma lalo o ka microscope mai 5 a 10 mau ʻāpana ʻokoʻa o ka laʻana, ua ʻike ʻia he mau hunaola ʻulaʻula hypochromic a i ʻole e pili ana i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula maʻamau. Ma ka laulaha, pili paha kēia mau hōʻailona:

• Hypochromia maʻamau, ke ʻike ʻia nā hunaola ʻulaʻula hypochromic 0 a 5 i ka nānā ʻana o microscope;
• Hypochromia discrete, ke nānā ʻia nā hunaola ʻulaʻula hypochromic 6 a 15;
• Hypochromia pono, ke nānā ʻia ka 16 a i ka 30 hypochromic;
• Hypochromia kaha, ke ʻike ʻia ma mua o 30 mau hunaola ʻulaʻula hypochromic.

Wahi a ka nui o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula hypochromic, hiki i ke kauka ke nānā i ka hiki a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi, a he mea nui nō hoʻi e loiloi i nā palena ʻē aʻe o ka helu o ke koko. E aʻo pehea e wehewehe ai i ka helu o ke koko.

Nā kumu o hypochromia

Hōʻike pinepine ʻo Hypochromia i ka anemia, akā hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ke kuhi ma hope o ka loiloi o nā papa helu helu piha koko ʻē aʻe a me nā hopena o nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe i noi ʻia e ke kauka. ʻO nā kumu nui o ka hypochromia:

1. Anemia hemahema hao

ʻO ka anemia hemahema o ka hao, i kapa ʻia he anemia hemahema o ka hao, kekahi o nā kumu nui o hypochromia, no ka mea he mea nui ka hao no ka hoʻokumu ʻana o hemoglobin. No laila, ke loaʻa ka liʻiliʻi o ka hao i loaʻa, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻokumu hemoglobin a me ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o kēia mea i nā ʻulaʻula koko, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ai.

I ke kiʻi o ke koko, me ka hoʻohui o hypochromia, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka microcytosis, no ka mea ma muli o ka emi o ka nui o ka oxygen e lawe ʻia e hemoglobin i nā mea ʻē aʻe a me nā meaola ʻē aʻe, aia kahi hana o kahi nui o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula i loko o kahi e hoʻāʻo e hoʻolako i ka nele o ka oxygen, i mau manawa he mau erythrocytes ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka maʻamau. E hōʻoia i kēia ʻano anemia, noi ʻia nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe, e like me ke ana ʻana i ka hao serum, transferrin ferritin a me transfer saturation.

Hiki ke loaʻa ka hemahema hao ma muli o ka pilikia o ka meaʻai, kahi papaʻai haʻahaʻa o ke kanaka i ka hao, ma muli o ke kahe nui o ka menstrual, nā maʻi ʻōpū a me nā kumu e hoʻopilikia i ka lawe ʻana o ka hao, e like me ka maʻi celiac a me ka maʻi maʻi na. Helicobacter pylori.

Ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ka nui o ka oxygen e holo nei i loko o ke kino, he mea maʻamau ia no ke kanaka ke luhi hou, nāwaliwali a me ka hiamoe nui, no ka laʻana. E aʻo e ʻike i nā ʻōuli o ka ʻole o ka hao.

He aha e hana ai: Ke hōʻoia ʻo ke kauka he anemia hemahema hao ia, e paipai ʻia nā hoʻokolohua hou e ʻike i ke kumu. Ma muli o ke kumu, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia nā loli i nā ʻano ʻai, e hāʻawi ana i ka makemake i nā meaʻai i loaʻa ka nui o ka hao, e like me ka ʻulaʻula a me nā pi, no ka laʻana, a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui hao, pono e hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka ʻōlelo. mai ke kauka.

2. Thalassemia

ʻO Thalassemia kahi maʻi hematological genetical i hōʻike ʻia e nā mutation i hopena i nā loli i ke kaʻina hana hemoglobin, e alakaʻi ana i ke ʻano o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula hypochromic, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka holo ʻana o ka hemoglobin. Hoʻohui ʻia, ma muli o ke kumu haʻahaʻa o ka oxygen holo, hoʻomaka ka iwi o ka iwi e hana hou i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula i ka hoʻāʻo e hoʻonui i ka oxygen, a me ka hopena i ka microcytosis.

Wahi a ke kaulahao hemoglobin i loaʻa kahi hoʻololi synthesi, hiki i nā hōʻailona thalassemia ke ʻoi aku a ʻoi aku paha o ke koʻikoʻi, akā naʻe, i ka nui, ua luhi nui nā poʻe me ka thalassemia, nāwaliwali, pallor a pōkole hoʻi, e hā ana i ka hanu ʻana.

He aha e hana ai: ʻO Thalassemia kahi maʻi hoʻoilina i loaʻa ʻole ka hoʻōla, akā kaohi, a, no laila, mālama ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻōuli a pale i ka holomua o ka maʻi, me ka paipai ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ke ola a me ka manaʻo o ke olakino. ʻO ka maʻamau, koi ʻia kahi hoʻololi i nā ʻano ʻai, a he mea nui e hele pū ke kanaka me kahi mea hānai, a he mea hoʻohui i ke kōpō ʻana o ke koko. Hoʻomaopopo he aha ka lāʻau no thalassemia.

3. Anemia Sideroblastic

Kuhi ʻia ka anemia Sideroblastic e ka hoʻohana kūpono ʻole o ka hao e hana i ka hemoglobin, ʻoiai ke ʻano maʻamau ka nui o ka hao i ke kino, a ʻo ka hopena ka hypochromia. Ma muli o ka hoʻohana kūpono ʻole o ka hao, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hemoglobin a, no laila, ke kaʻi ʻana o ka oxygen, e alakaʻi ana i ke ʻano o nā ʻōuli maʻamau o ka anemia, e like me ka luhi, nāwaliwali, ʻoliʻoli a me pallor.

Ma waho o ka anamanaʻo hemogram, i mea e hōʻoia ai i ke kuhi o ka anemia sideroblastic, he mea nui e nānā i ke koko ma lalo o ka microscope i mea e ʻike ai i ke alo o nā sideroblast, nā ʻano like o ke ʻano i kū i loko o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula ma muli o i ka hōʻiliʻili o ka hao i loko o ke koko. erythroblasts, he mau ʻulaʻula koko ʻōpio. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka anemia sideroblastic.

He aha e hana ai: Hana ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ka anemia sideroblastic e like me ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi, a e ʻōlelo ʻia paha e ka kauka ke kākoʻo o ka huaʻai B6 a me ka waikawa folic, a ma nā hihia ʻoi loa, e koi ʻia paha ka hoʻoneʻe iwi iwi.