HER2-Positive vs. HER2-Negative Breast Cancer: He aha ke ʻano o ia mea noʻu?

Anter

• He aha ka HER2?
• He aha ka manaʻo o ka HER2-maikaʻi?
• He aha ka manaʻo o HER2-maikaʻi?
• Ke hoʻāʻo nei no HER2
• Ke mālama nei i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma HER2-maikaʻi
• Outlook

Hōʻike Overview

Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe a i ʻole kahi mea aloha i kahi maʻi ʻaʻai umauma, ua lohe paha ʻoe i ka huaʻōlelo "HER2." Ke kānalua nei paha ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai HER2-maikaʻi a i ʻole HER2-maikaʻi ʻole.

Kou kūlana HER2, me ke kūlana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai o kou maʻi ʻaʻai, kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā pathology o kāu maʻi maʻi umauma kikoʻī. Hiki i kāu kūlana HER2 ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka ikaika o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. E hoʻohana kāu kauka i kēia ʻike e loiloi i kāu mau koho lapaʻau.

I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua nui nā hanana i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma HER2-maikaʻi. Ua hopena kēia i kahi nānā maikaʻi aʻe no ka poʻe me kēia ʻano maʻi.

He aha ka HER2?

Kū ʻo HER2 i ka mea ulu kanaka epidermal factor receptor 2. Loaʻa nā protein HER2 ma ka ʻili o nā umauma umauma. Pili lākou i ka ulu ulu maʻamau akā hiki ke lilo i "overexpressed." ʻO kēia ke kiʻekiʻe o nā pae o ka protein ma mua o ka maʻamau.

Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo HER2 i nā makahiki 1980. Ua hoʻoholo ka poʻe noiʻi he hiki i ka nui o ka protein HER2 ke kumu i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai a pāhola koke aku. Ua alakaʻi ʻia kēia ʻike i ka noiʻi ʻana e pili ana pehea ka lohi a hoʻololi paha i ka ulu ʻana o kēia ʻano o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.

He aha ka manaʻo o ka HER2-maikaʻi?

Loaʻa nā maʻi maʻi umauma HER2-maikaʻi i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o nā protein HER2. Hiki i kēia ke kumu e hoʻonui hou i nā pūnaewele. Hiki i ka hana kope nui ke hopena i kahi kanesa maʻi ulu ulu ʻoi aku ka palahalaha ʻana.

Ma kahi o 25 pākēneka o nā maʻi ʻaʻai umauma HER2-maikaʻi.

I nā makahiki he 20 i hala aku nei, ua holomua ka holomua i nā koho lapaʻau no ka HER2-maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi ʻōpū.

He aha ka manaʻo o HER2-maikaʻi?

Inā ʻaʻohe o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai o ka umauma o nā protein HER2, a laila manaʻo ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma HER2-maikaʻi ʻole. Inā he HER2-maikaʻi ʻole kou maʻi ʻaʻai, he estrogen paha ia a i ʻole he progesterone-positive. Pili paha ia i kāu koho koho.

Ke hoʻāʻo nei no HER2

ʻO nā hoʻāʻo e hiki ai ke hoʻoholo i ke kūlana HER2 me:

• hoʻāʻo immunohistochemistry (IHC)
• hoʻāʻo hybridization in situ (ISH)

Nui a hewahewa nā hōʻike IHC a me ISH i ʻae ʻia e ka Food and Drug Administration. He mea nui e hoʻāʻo no ka overexpression o HER2 no ka mea e hoʻoholo nā hopena inā ʻoe e pōmaikaʻi i kekahi mau lāʻau.

Ke mālama nei i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma HER2-maikaʻi

No nā makahiki he 30 a ʻoi aku, ke ʻimi nei nā mea noiʻi i ka HER2-maikaʻi umauma maʻi ʻaʻai a me nā ala e mālama ai. Ua hoʻololi i kēia manawa nā lāʻau i mākaukau ʻia i ka nānā ʻana o ka pae 1 i 3 mau maʻi ʻōpū o ka umauma mai ka ʻilihuna a i ka maikaʻi.

ʻO ka trastuzumab lāʻau lapaʻau pahuhopu (Herceptin), ke hoʻohana ʻia me ka chemotherapy, ua hoʻomaikaʻi i ka nānā o ka poʻe me ka maʻi maʻi umauma HER2-maikaʻi.

Ua hōʻike mua kahi o kēia hui ʻana o ka lapaʻau i lohi i ka ulu ʻana o ka HER2-maikaʻi umauma maʻi ʻaʻai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka chemotherapy wale nō. No kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana o Herceptin me chemotherapy i hopena i nā kala lōʻihi loa.

Ua hoʻomau ʻia nā noiʻi hou e hōʻike nei i ka mālama ʻana me Herceptin me ka chemotherapy ua hoʻomaikaʻi i ka nānā holoʻokoʻa no ka poʻe me ka maʻi maʻi umauma HER2-maikaʻi. ʻO ka pinepine ka lapaʻau mua no ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma HER2-maikaʻi.

I kekahi mau hihia, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ʻo pertuzumab (Perjeta) me Herceptin. Koi ʻia paha kēia no nā maʻi maʻi umauma HER2-maikaʻi ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻi hou ʻana, e like me ka pae 2 a i luna, a i ʻole no nā maʻi ʻino i hoʻolaha i nā lymph node.

ʻO Neratinib (Nerlynx) kahi lāʻau ʻē aʻe i koi ʻia ma hope o ka lapaʻau ʻana me Herceptin i nā hihia i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻihoʻi.

No nā maʻi maʻi umauma HER2-maikaʻi pū kekahi me ka estrogen- a me ka progesterone-positive, e paipai pū ʻia me ka lāʻau lapaʻau hormonal. Loaʻa nā hoʻoponopono HER2 i hoʻolālā ʻia no nā mea me ka maʻi maʻi umauma ʻoi loa a metastatic paha.

Outlook

Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maʻi maʻi invasive, e hoʻāʻo kāu kauka no ke kūlana HER2 o kou maʻi ʻaʻai. E hoʻoholo nā hopena o ka hōʻoia i nā koho kūpono loa no ka mālama ʻana i kāu maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻO nā hanana hou i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma HER2-maikaʻi i hoʻomaikaʻi i ka nānā no ka poʻe me kēia ʻano. Ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi no nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou, a ke hoʻomaikaʻi mau nei nā kuana no ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma HER, e aʻo i nā mea āpau i hiki iā ʻoe a kamaʻilio ākea e pili ana i kāu mau nīnau me kāu kauka.