He aha ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal, nā hōʻailona nui a me ka mālama ʻana

Anter

• Nā hōʻailona nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal
• Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi
• Nā kumu nui
• Pehea ka lāʻau
• ʻO ka meaʻai no ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai Esophageal kahi ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai nui e kū ma muli o nā loli o nā hunaola o ka esophagus, a lilo i mea hōʻino, e hopena ana i kekahi o nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli e like me ka paʻakikī i ka ale ʻana, ke ʻano o kahi puʻupuʻu i ka ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻōpū a me nā noho pouli, eia nō naʻe ʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka esophagus ke hele mua ka maʻi i nā pae holomua a me nā metastases, me ka liʻiliʻi o ka manawa e hiki ai ke hoʻōla.

Wahi a kahi o nā hunaola i hoʻopili ʻia, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophage i ʻelua mau ʻano nui:

• Ka maʻi kanesa puʻukū, ʻo ia ka ʻano nui loa o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka esophagus a pili i ka ʻaoʻao luna o ka esophagus a, no laila, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o nā mea puhipaka a me / a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻona;
• Adenocarcinoma, i hōʻike pinepine ʻia i ka ʻāpana e hui pū me ka esophagus i ka ʻōpū a ʻoi aku ka pinepine i ka poʻe me ka reflux gastric mau, ʻo Barrett esophagus a ke kaumaha nui ke kanaka.

ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai i nā poʻe ma mua o 50 a he mau mea pilikia e like me ka momona, reflux, gastritis a i ʻole nā ​​mea puhipaka. No laila, inā he hōʻailona ko kekahi a he hōʻailona paha e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka esophagus a loaʻa kekahi o nā pilikia e pili ana i ka maʻi, pono ʻoe e nīnau me ka gastroenterologist e hana i ka hōʻailona a hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia ka lapaʻau, aia i loko o ka ka hapanui pinepine ʻia e hana i ke ʻoki e wehe i kahi ʻāpana o ka esophagus, a me chemo a me radiation e hoʻopau ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai ʻaʻole i hoʻopau ʻia i ka wā o ke ʻoki.

Nā hōʻailona nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal

ʻO kekahi o nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli e hōʻike i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka esophagus:

• Ka paʻakikī a me ka ʻeha e ale, nā mea ʻai paʻa ma mua a laila nā wai;
• Hoarseness a me ka mau kū kahe;
• Ka nele o ka makemake a me ke kaupaona;
• Māluhiluhi ke hana ʻana i nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻalahi, e like me ka hana ʻana i kahi moena a piʻi piʻi paha i nā ʻanuʻu;
• Ke manaʻo o kahi ʻōpū piha;
• ʻO ka luaʻi me ke koko a me ka nausea;
• ʻO nā noho noho pouli, pasty, honi ikaika a koko paha;
• Hōʻoluʻolu ʻole ka ʻōpū i hala ʻole;
• Lū i loko o ka ʻōpū, he palpable ia;
• Nā alelo pehu ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka ʻāʻī;
• Nodules a puni ka piko.

ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻaʻohe o nā ʻōuli a me nā ʻōuli e loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal, eia nō naʻe ke holo nei ka maʻi, e hoʻomaka paha e ʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli ʻano. No laila, ke hoʻomaka nei nā hōʻailona e hōʻike i ka maʻi ma kahi pae holomua, a he mea nui ka ʻike wikiwiki a me ka mālama ʻana.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi

Hana ʻia ke kuhi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal ma o endoscopy, kahi hōʻike i hana ʻia me ka pahuhopu e ʻike i loko o ka esophagus a me ka ʻōpū a nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka loli. Inā loaʻa kahi puʻupuʻu a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻololi ʻē aʻe i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana, pono ʻia e hana i kahi biopsy o kahi hāpana o kaʻiʻo esophageal e nānā i nā ʻano o nā hunaola, me ka hoʻohui i kahi X-ray esophagus, keu hoʻi inā pilikia ka mea. e ale ana.

Eia hou, hiki i ke kauka ke hōʻike i kahi hoʻokolohua koko e pili ana i ka helu o ke koko e nānā ai no ka anemia a me kahi hōʻike stool e nānā ai i ke koko i ka pahu.

Ma ka hoʻokolohua endoscopic, hiki i ke kauka ke nānā i ke kahua o ka maʻi e like me nā ʻano i ʻike ʻia.

• Ke kahua I - Tumor i ka paia o ka esophagus me kahi o 3 a 5 mm a me ka ʻole o nā metastases, me nā manawa kūpono e hoʻōla ai;
• Kahua II - Hoʻonui i ka paia esophageal me ka nui o 5 mm a me ka ʻole o nā metastases me kekahi manawa o ka hoʻōla;
• Kahua III - Ka mānoanoa o ka paia esophageal e pili ana i kaʻiʻo a puni ka esophagus me kahi manawa liʻiliʻi e hoʻōla ai;
• Pāʻālua IV - Ke kūʻana o nā metastases e ke kino, me ka liʻiliʻi loa o ka hiki ke hoʻōla.

Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke wehewehe i kēia mau pae i ke kikoʻī e like me ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal i hōʻoia ʻia e ke kauka.

Nā kumu nui

Pili ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal me kekahi mau kumu pilikia, e like me:

• Ka ʻai nui loa ʻana i nā mea inu ʻona a me nā kūpaka;
• ʻO kaʻai ʻana i nā mea inu wela ma luna o 65º C, e like me ke kope, tī a chimarrão paha, no ka laʻana;
• ʻO kaʻai ʻana i nā mea alkaline, e like me ka chlorine i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe e hiki ai i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka esophagus;
• Mōʻaukala o ke poʻo a poʻo paha o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai i nā maʻi me nā maʻi e like me gastritis, reflux gastroesophageal a i ʻole Plummer-Vinson syndrome, achalasia a i ʻole Barrett esophagus ma kahi laʻana, me ka huhū o ka esophagus ma muli o ka reflux mai ka ʻōpū o ka bile.

Pehea ka lāʻau

Lawe ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal i ka wahi o ka tumo a me ke kahua o ka maʻi, a he mea hoʻohui i ka mōʻaukala, ka makahiki a me nā ʻōuli o ke kanaka. No laila, ʻo ka mālama ʻana no kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai i hōʻike ʻia e ka oncologist a me ka gastroenterologist e komo pū paha:

• ʻOki kino e wehe i ka esophagus: wehe ʻia ka ʻāpana i loaʻa ka tumo a hui ʻia ke koena i ka ʻōpū. Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā e hemo loa ai ka esophagus, pono ia e kau i kahi prosthesis esophageal artifica a i ʻole wehe i kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōpū e pani i ka esophagus, no ka laʻana;
• Radiotherapy: hana ʻia ia e pale ai i ka ulu ʻana o nā hunaola tumele i ka esophagus;
• Chemotherapy: ma o nā injection i loko o ka aa a i ʻole nā ​​mākala a ma kekahi mau hanana ma o nā pila e hoʻolauna pū i ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana o nā hunaola maʻi ʻea e noho mau ana.

I ka hapanui o nā hihia ʻaʻole mālama kēia mau lapaʻau i ka maʻi ʻaʻai, kōkua wale lākou e hōʻemi i nā ʻōuli o ke kanesa a hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola o ka mea maʻi. Hoʻololi ka wānana o ke ʻano o kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai me ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka hoʻokū ʻana, nā hana i hana ʻia a me ka pane a ka mea hoʻomanawanui i ka mālama ʻana, akā ʻoiai ʻo kēia maʻi i ka hapanui o nā hihia i ʻike ʻia i kahi pae holomua a no laila, ʻo ke ola o ka mea hoʻomanawanui ma kahi o 5 makahiki.

Eia hou, ʻo ka wānana ola o kahi mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka esophagus ʻoi aku ka nui ke loaʻa wale ka tumo i ka esophagus a ʻaʻohe metastases.

ʻO ka meaʻai no ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal

I ke kumu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal, pono paha e hoʻololi i ka papaʻai, ma muli o ka paʻakikī i ka ale ʻana a me nā hopena o ka mālama ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo chemotherapy e hōʻeha ai i ka hanu a me ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū.

No laila, pono paha e hoʻomākaukau i nā meaʻai pasty, e like me ka porridge a me ka sup i loko o ka blender, a i ʻole e hoʻohui i nā mānoanoa i nā meaʻai wai. Hoʻohui, pono pono paha e loaʻa pololei nā meaolaola ma o ka aa a hoʻohana paha i kahi paipu nasogastric, kahi paipu e kahe ana mai ka ihu a i ka ʻōpū, e kōkua i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā meaʻai kūpono. E nānā i kahi koho meaʻai no ka hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke nau.