Hiki iā ʻoe ke make mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical? 15 mau mea e ʻike e pili ana i ka ʻike pono a me ka Kāohi

Anter

• Hiki paha?
• He mea nui ka pae ma kahi kuhi?
• Aia kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe e noʻonoʻo ai?
• ʻO wai e hoʻomohala i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervix?
• He aha ke kumu?
• Aia he mau ʻano ʻokoʻa?
• Aia kekahi mea hiki iā ʻoe ke pale aku iā ia?
• Pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe?
• He aha nā lula loiloi?
• Pehea ia ʻike?
• Hiki paha ke loaʻa i kahi hōʻike pap papala maʻamau a hoʻomohala mau i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervix?
• Pehea e mālama ʻia ai?
• Hiki ke mālama?
• Hiki paha ke hoʻi hou?
• He aha ka manaʻo holoʻokoʻa?

Hiki paha?

Ua emi pinepine ia ma mua o ka manawa ma mua, akā ʻae, hiki ke make i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervier.

Ua kuhi ka American Cancer Society (ACS) ma kahi o 4,250 mau kānaka i ka United States e make ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical i ka makahiki 2019.

ʻO ke kumu nui o ka make ʻana o nā kānaka he nui i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervix i kēia lā ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻāʻo Pap.

ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical ma nā wahi i hoʻomohala ʻole ʻia o ka honua. Ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, ua make e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cerviera i ka makahiki 2018.

Hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻa cerviera, keu hoʻi ke mālama ʻia i kahi wā mua.

He mea nui ka pae ma kahi kuhi?

Ae. ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ʻike ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai mua, ʻo ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena. Mālie e ulu lohi ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical.

Hiki i kahi hōʻike Pap ke ʻike i nā hunaola ʻino ma ka cervix ma mua o ka lilo ʻana i maʻi maʻi. ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻo carcinoma ma situ a i ʻole pae 0 ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical.

Hiki i ka wehe ʻana i kēia mau hunaola ke pale aku i ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai ka ulu mua ʻana.

ʻO nā pae laulā no ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical ʻo:

• Kahua 1: Aia nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai ma ka cervix a pāhola paha i loko o ka kōpū.
• Kahua 2: Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma waho o ka cervix a me ka uterus. ʻAʻole i hiki i nā paia o ke pelvis a i ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka ʻōpū.
• Kahua 3: Ua hōʻea ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka lua, ka pā pelvic, a i ʻole ke hoʻopili nei i nā puʻupaʻa.
• Kahua 4: Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma ʻō aku o ke pelvis a hiki i ka pale o ka ʻai, ka ʻūhā, a i nā ʻaoʻao mamao a me nā iwi.

ʻO nā helu ola e pili ana i nā makahiki 5 e pili ana i ka poʻe i ʻike ʻia me ka maʻi ʻaʻai cerviera mai 2009 a 2015.

• Kūloko (hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka cervix a me ka kōpū): 91.8 pakeneka
• ʻĀpana āpana (hohola ma o aku o ka cervix a me ka uterus i nā pūnaewele kokoke): 56.3 pakeneka
• Mamao loa (hohola ma ʻō aku o ka pelvis): 16.9 pakeneka
• ʻIke ʻole ʻia: 49 pakeneka

ʻO kēia nā helu ola āpau e pili ana i ka ʻikepili mai nā makahiki 2009 a 2015. Hoʻololi koke ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka nānā ākea mai ia manawa.

Aia kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe e noʻonoʻo ai?

Ae. Nui a hewahewa nā kumu ma ʻō aku o ka pae i hiki ke hoʻopili i kāu wānana pākahi.

ʻO kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• makahiki ma ke kuhi
• ke olakino laulā, me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe e like me HIV
• ke ʻano o ka papillomavirus kanaka (HPV) i pili
• ʻano kikoʻī o ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical
• inā paha he hanana mua kēia a i ʻole hoʻi hou ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical i mālama mua ʻia
• pehea kou wikiwiki e hoʻomaka ai i ka lāʻau

Pāʻani pū kekahi lāhui. Loaʻa i nā wahine ʻeleʻele a me Hispanic nā helu make no ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervier.

ʻO wai e hoʻomohala i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervix?

ʻO kēlā me kēia kanaka me ka cervix hiki ke loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻiwi. Heʻoiaʻiʻo kēia inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e moekolohe i kēia manawa, hāpai, a i ʻole post-menopausal.

Wahi a ka ACS, kakaʻikahi ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervix i ka poʻe ma lalo o ka makahiki 20 a ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka poʻe ma waena o nā makahiki 35 a me 44.

Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka makaʻu o ka poʻe Hispanic, a laila ʻo ʻAmelika-ʻAmelika, ʻo ʻAsia, ʻo nā ʻAilana Pākīpika, a me nā Caucasians.

ʻO nā ʻōiwi ʻAmelika a me nā ʻōiwi ʻAnikika ka palena haʻahaʻa o ka makaʻu.

He aha ke kumu?

ʻO ka hapanui o nā hihia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervix ka hopena o ka maʻi HPV. ʻO HPV ka maʻi viral o ka ʻōnaehana hānau, me ka hapa nui o ka poʻe e hana moekolohe ʻana e loaʻa iā ia ma kekahi manawa.

Maʻalahi ka lawe ʻana o HPV no ka mea pili wale ka ʻili i ka ʻili i ka ʻili. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ʻoiai inā ʻaʻohe ou moe kolohe.

, Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻo HPV iā ia iho ma waena o 2 mau makahiki. Akā inā ʻoe e moekolohe, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻaelike hou.

ʻO ka hapa liʻiliʻi o ka poʻe me HPV e hoʻomohala i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervix, akā ʻo nā maʻi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai cerviera ma muli o kēia maʻi.

ʻAʻole naʻe ia i ka pō wale nō. I ka manawa e maʻi ʻia me HPV, hiki iā 15 a 20 mau makahiki ke ulu aʻe ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervier, a i ʻole 5 a 10 mau makahiki inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi nāwaliwali nāwaliwali.

Hiki paha i ka HPV ke holomua i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cerviera inā puhipaka ʻoe a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi ʻae hoʻoili kolohe e like me chlamydia, gonorrhea, a i ʻole herpes simplex

Aia he mau ʻano ʻokoʻa?

E hōʻea i 9 mai 10 mau hihia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervioma nā carcinomas squamous cell. Hoʻolālā lākou mai nā hunaola squamous i ka exocervix, ka ʻāpana o ka cervix kokoke loa i ka ʻōpū.

ʻO ka hapanui o nā mea ʻē aʻe he adenocarcinomas, kahi e hoʻomohala ai i nā hunaola glandular i ka endocervix, ka ʻāpana kokoke loa i ka kōpū.

Hiki i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervix kekahi lymphomas, melanomas, sarcomas, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe.

Aia kekahi mea hiki iā ʻoe ke pale aku iā ia?

Ua hōʻemi nui ʻia ka helu o ka make mai ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a Pap.

ʻO kekahi o nā mea nui e hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e pale aku i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hōʻoia maʻamau a me nā hōʻike Pap e like me ka ʻōlelo a kāu kauka.

ʻO nā ala ʻē aʻe e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai i kāu makaʻi pū me:

• ke noi nei i kāu kauka inā pono ʻoe e loaʻa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau HPV
• ke kiʻi ʻana i ka lāʻau inā loaʻa nā hunaola servicer precancerous
• ke hele nei no ka hoʻāʻo hoʻāʻo ʻana inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hoʻāʻo Pap maʻamau a i ʻole kahi hōʻike HPV maikaʻi
• ka hōʻalo ʻana, a i ʻole ka haʻalele ʻana, ka puhipaka

Pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe?

ʻAʻole kumu ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōiwi ma mua i nā ʻōuli, no laila ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike he loaʻa iā ʻoe. ʻO ia ke kumu he mea nui e kiʻi i nā hoʻokolohua loiloi maʻamau.

I ka holo ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical, hiki i nā ʻōuli a me nā ʻōuli ke komo pū:

• hoʻokuʻu hoʻokuʻu ʻokoʻa
• kahe koko
• ʻeha i ka wā o ka moekolohe
• ʻeha pelvis

ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole ia mau hōʻailona e hōʻike i kou loaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervier. He hōʻailona paha kēia o nā ʻano mālama ʻē aʻe.

He aha nā lula loiloi?

Wahi a nā alakaʻi loiloi ACS:

• Pono nā kānaka 21 a 29 mau makahiki e loaʻa kahi hōʻike Pap i kēlā me kēia 3 makahiki.
• Pono ka poʻe makahiki 30 a 65 paha e loaʻa kahi hōʻike Pap me kahi hōʻike HPV i kēlā me kēia 5 mau makahiki. ʻOkoʻa, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo Pap wale nō i kēlā me kēia 3 mau makahiki.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hysterectomy huina no nā kumu ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole precancer, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e loaʻa hou iā Pap a i ʻole HPV hōʻike. Inā hoʻoneʻe ʻia kou kōpū, akā loaʻa iā ʻoe kou cervix, pono e hoʻomau i ka kānana ʻana.
• Inā ʻoi aku ʻoe i ka makahiki 65, ʻaʻole i loaʻa kahi precancer koʻikoʻi i nā makahiki he 20 i hala aku nei, a ua ʻike pinepine ʻia no 10 mau makahiki, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻōki i ka loiloi ʻana o ka maʻi ʻeha o ka ʻeha.

Pono paha ʻoe e hoʻāʻo pinepine hou inā:

• Aia ʻoe i ka makaʻu loa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervier.
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hopena Pap ʻole.
• Ua hōʻoia ʻia ʻoe me ka precancer cervier a i ʻole HIV.
• Ua mālama mua ʻia ʻoe no ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervier.

Ua ʻike ʻia kahi noi ma 2017 e hoʻowahāwahā ʻia ana nā helu make o ka maʻi ʻaʻai pūpū, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā wahine ʻeleʻele kahiko. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i kāu makaʻu no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cerviera a e ʻike pono ke kiʻi nei ʻoe i ka kānana kūpono.

ʻO ka hana mua he maʻa pelvic e nānā ai i ke olakino āpau a me nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi. Hiki ke hana i kahi hōʻike HPV a me kahi hōʻike Pap i ka manawa like me ka hōʻike pelvic.

Pehea ia ʻike?

ʻOiai hiki i kahi hoʻokolohua Pap ke nānā no nā hunaola kūpono ʻole, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokūpaʻa he maʻi maʻi kēia mau hunaola. No kēlā mea, pono ʻoe i kahi biopsy cervix.

I ke kaʻina hana i kapa ʻia ʻo endocervical curettage, lawe ʻia kahi laʻana o nā mea mai ka canal cervical me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea kani i kapa ʻia he curette.

Hiki i kēia ke hana iā ia iho a i ʻole i ka colposcopy, kahi e hoʻohana ai ke kauka i kahi mea hana hoʻonui mālamalama e nānā pono ai i ka ʻōpū a me ka pūpū.

E makemake paha kāu kauka e hana i kahi biopsy cone e kiʻi i kahi laʻana nui, ʻano like cone o ka ʻaoʻao cer servic. He ʻoki kino waho kēia e pili ana i kahi scalpel a i ʻole ka laser.

Nānā ʻia ke kiko ma lalo o ka microscope e nānā ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hiki paha ke loaʻa i kahi hōʻike pap papala maʻamau a hoʻomohala mau i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervix?

Ae. Hiki i kahi hōʻike Pap ke haʻi wale aku iā ʻoe ʻaʻohe ou maʻi maʻi maʻi kanesa a precancerous paha i kēia manawa. ʻAʻole ia he manaʻo ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomohala i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervix.

Eia nō naʻe, inā maʻamau kāu hōʻike Pap a maikaʻi ʻole kāu hōʻike HPV, ʻo kou manawa o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻa cervix i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana.

Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hopena Pap maʻamau akā maikaʻi no HPV, hiki i kāu kauka ke koi aku i nā hoʻokolohua ukali e nānā i nā loli. ʻOiai paha, ʻaʻole ʻoe e pono i kahi hōʻike hou no hoʻokahi makahiki.

E hoʻomanaʻo, ulu mālie ka maʻi ʻaʻai cerviera, no laila ke mālama ʻoe i ka loiloi a me nā hoʻokolohua ʻana, ʻaʻohe kumu nui e hopohopo ai.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai?

I ka manawa e loaʻa kahi hōʻoia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervix, ʻo ka hana hou e ʻike ai i ka lōʻihi o ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hoʻomaka ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke kahua me kahi mau hōʻike hoʻokolohua kiʻi e nānā i nā hōʻike o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hiki i kāu kauka ke loaʻa kahi manaʻo maikaʻi aʻe o ka pae ma hope o ka hana ʻana i ke ʻoki.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical ma muli o ke ākea. Hiki i nā koho ʻoki ke hoʻopili:

• Conization: ʻO ka hemo ʻana o nā aʻa maʻi maʻi maʻi mai ka cervix mai.
• Huina hysterectomy: Ka hemo ʻana o ka cervix a me ka uterus.
• Hysterectomy radical: ʻO ka hemo ʻana o ka cervix, uterus, kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōpala, a me kekahi mau ligament a me nāʻaʻaʻa e puni ana. Pākuʻi ʻia paha kēia i ka hemo ʻana o nā ovaries, nā paipu fallopian, a i ʻole nā ​​lymph node kokoke.
• Hoʻololi hou i ka hysterectomy radical: ʻO ka hemo ʻana o ka cervix, uterus, ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻōpala, kekahi mau ligament a me nāʻaʻa puni, a me nā lymph node kokoke paha.
• Trachelectomy radical: ʻO ka hemo ʻana o ka cervix, nā kiko kokoke a me nā pūnana lymph, a me nā ʻōpū o luna.
• ʻO ka salpingo-oophorectomy bilateral: ʻO ka hemo ʻana o nā ovaries a me nā paipu fallopian.
• Pelvic exenteration: ʻO ka hemo ʻana o ka puhā, kolonā lalo, ʻo ke kīhā, a me ka cervix, pūpū, ovaries, a me nā lymph node kokoke. Pono e hana i nā puka hana no ke kahe o ka mimi a me ka noho.

Hiki i nā mālama ʻē aʻe ke:

• ʻO ka radiation radiation: E māka a hoʻopau i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a mālama iā lākou i ka ulu ʻana.
• Chemotherapy: Hoʻohana ʻāpana a i ʻole ʻōnaehana e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.
• Hoʻopaʻa kaulike ʻia: Nā lāʻau i hiki ke ʻike a hoʻouka i ka maʻi ʻaʻai me ka hōʻeha ʻole i nā hunaola olakino.
• Immunotherapy: Nā lāʻau i kōkua i ka ʻōnaehana pale pale i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
• Nā hoʻāʻo hoʻokolohua: E hoʻāʻo i nā kuʻuna hou hou ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia no ka hoʻohana maʻamau.
• Mālama Palliative: ʻO ka mālama ʻana i nā hōʻailona a me nā hopena ʻaoʻao e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke ola holoʻokoʻa.

Hiki ke mālama?

ʻAe, keu hoʻi ke ʻike ʻia a mālama ʻia i kahi wā mua.

Hiki paha ke hoʻi hou?

E like me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, hiki ke hoʻi i ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical ma hope o kou hoʻopau ʻana i ka lāʻau. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻi hou ma kahi o ka cervix a i kahi ʻē aʻe i kou kino. E loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi papa manawa o nā kipa ukali e nānā no nā hōʻailona o ka hoʻi hou ʻana.

He aha ka manaʻo holoʻokoʻa?

He ulu lohi ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi cervix, akā ʻo ka maʻi hoʻoweliweli ola. ʻO nā ʻano hana loiloi o kēia lā ʻike paha ʻoe i nā hunaola precancerous i hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka manawa kūpono e ulu i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Me ka hōʻoia mua a me ka mālama ʻana, maikaʻi loa ka nānā.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke kōkua i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i kou manawa kūpono o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻa cervior a i ʻole ka hopu ʻana iā ia i kakahiaka nui. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i kāu mau pilikia a pehea ka manawa e nānā ʻia ai ʻoe.