Hoʻoholo pōkole i ka hanana i hōʻike ʻole ʻia - BRUE

ʻO kahi hanana pōkole i hōʻike ʻole ʻole ʻia (BRUE) kahi manawa i haʻalele kahi pēpē i ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi makahiki i ka hanu ʻana, hoʻololi i ke kani o ka mākala, ʻulaʻula a polū paha i ke kala, a pane ʻole paha. Kū koke ka hanana, emi ma lalo o 30 a 60 kekona, a ke makaʻu nei i ke kanaka e mālama ana i ka pēpē.

Aia ʻo BRUE ke loaʻa ʻole kahi wehewehe no ka hanana ma hope o ka mōʻaukala piha a me kahi hōʻike. ʻO kahi inoa kahiko i hoʻohana ʻia no kēia ʻano hanana he hanana hoʻoweliweli ola (ALTE).

ʻAʻole maopopo i ka manawa pinepine e hana ai kēia mau hanana.

ʻAʻole like ʻo BRUE me ka maʻi make pēpē hikiwawe (SIDS). ʻAʻole like ia me nā huaʻōlelo kahiko e like me "near-miss SIDS" a i ʻole "abort crib namatay," i hoʻohana ʻole ʻia.

ʻO nā hanana e pili ana i ka loli i ka hanu ʻana o ka pēpē, ke kala, ka leo o nā mākala, a i ʻole ka lawena e kumu ʻia e kahi pilikia olakino. Akā ʻaʻole e manaʻo ʻia kēia mau hanana ma ke ʻano he BRUE. ʻO kekahi o nā kumu no nā hanana ʻaʻole ʻo BRUE kahi:

• Reflux ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana
• Nā maʻi ʻoi loa (e like me bronchiolitis, ka maʻi kō)
• Nā kīnā hānau e pili ana i ka maka, ka ʻāʻī, a me ka ʻāʻī
• Nā kīnā hānau o ka puʻuwai a i ʻole nā ​​ake māmā
• Nā hopena āpau
• ʻO kahi lolo, ʻāʻī, a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi ʻūpē
• Hana hoʻomāinoino keiki
• ʻO kekahi mau ʻano maʻi kūpuna ʻole

Loaʻa kahi kumu kikoʻī o ka hanana ma kahi o ka hapalua o ka manawa. I nā keiki olakino hoʻokahi hanana wale nō, ʻaʻole ʻike iki ʻia ke kumu.

ʻO nā kumu pilikia nui no BRUE:

• ʻO kahi ma mua o ka wā i kū ai ke keiki i ka hanu ʻana, hele a mae, a i ʻole nā ​​kala kala polū
• Nā pilikia hānai
• ʻO ke poʻo anuanu a bronchitis paha
• Makahiki ma mua o 10 mau pule

ʻO ke kaupaona hānau haʻahaʻa, hānau ʻia i kakahiaka nui, a i ʻole ʻike paka uwahi paha kekahi mau mea weliweli.

E ʻike ʻia paha kēia mau hanana i loko o ʻelua mau mahina o ke ola a ma waena o 8 a me 8 o ke ahiahi.

Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi BRUE i hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o kēia mau mea:

• Hoʻololi ke hanu - ʻaʻohe paha e hoʻoikaika i ka hanu ʻana, hanu ʻana me ka paʻakikī nui, a i ʻole hoʻemi ka hanu ʻana
• Hoʻololi ke kala - pinepine i polū a pale paha (nui nā kamaliʻi e ʻulaʻula, ke uē nei no ka laʻana, no laila ʻaʻole hōʻike kēia i kahi BRUE)
• Hoʻololi i ke kani o ka mākala - palu pinepine lākou, akā lilo lākou i ʻoʻoleʻa
• Hoʻololi i ka pae o ka pane ʻana

ʻO Choking a gagging paha ka manaʻo o ka hanana ʻaʻole ia he BRUE. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia mau ʻōuli e reflux.

E noi ka mea mālama ola iā ʻoe e wehewehe i ka mea i hana ʻia i ka wā o ka hanana. E nīnau pū ka mea hāʻawi e pili ana i:

• Nā hanana ʻē aʻe e like me kēia i ka wā i hala
• Nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe
• Nā lāʻau, nā mea kanu, a i ʻole nā ​​huaora keu a ke keiki e lawe nei
• Nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe ma ka home i hiki i ke keiki ke hoʻohana
• Nā pilikia i ka wā hāpai a me ka hana, a i ka wā hānau, a i hānau mua ʻia paha
• ʻO nā kaikaina a mau keiki paha i ka ʻohana i loaʻa kēia ʻano hanana
• Nā lāʻau kū ʻole a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona i loko o ka hale
• Nā hōʻike o ka hoʻomāinoino

Ke hoʻoholo nei inā pono ka hoʻāʻo hou, e noʻonoʻo ka mea hāʻawi:

• Ke ʻano o nā hanana i kū
• Pehea ke koʻikoʻi o nā ʻōuli
• He aha ka mea e hana nei ma mua pono o ka hanana
• Nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe i loaʻa a i ʻole i loaʻa ma ka hoʻokolohua kino

E hoʻopau ʻia kahi hoʻokolohua kino, e nānā ana no:

• Nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi, trauma, a hoʻomāinoino paha
• Pae ʻokikene haʻahaʻa
• Kani ka puʻuwai maʻamau
• Nā hōʻailona o nā kīnā o ka hānau ʻana e pili ana i ka maka, ka ʻāʻī, a i ʻole ka ʻāʻī e hoʻopilikia ai i ka hanu
• Nā hōʻailona o ka hana lolo ʻole

Inā ʻaʻohe mea i loaʻa e hōʻike ai i kahi BRUE kūlana kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole pono e ʻike pinepine ʻia nā hoʻokolohua lab a me nā hōʻike kiʻi. Inā ʻalalā a ʻūlū ʻia paha i ka wā o ka hānai ʻana a ola koke ka pēpē, ʻaʻole pono ka nui o nā hoʻokolohua.

Nā kumu e hōʻike ana i kahi makaʻu kiʻekiʻe no ka hoʻi hou ʻana a i ʻole ke kū ʻana o kahi kumu koʻikoʻi e komo pū me:

• Nā pēpē ma lalo o 2 mau makahiki o ko lākou mau makahiki
• Hānau ʻia ma 32 mau pule a i ʻole
• Ma mua o 1 hanana
• ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o nā Episodes ma mua o 1 mau minuke
• Pono ka CPR e kahi mea hoʻolako i hoʻomaʻamaʻa
• Nā hōʻailona o ka hoʻomāinoino keiki

Inā loaʻa nā mea pilikia, e hoʻopili ʻia nā hoʻokolohua i hiki ke hana ʻia.

• Kuhi piha i ke koko (CBC) e nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi a me ka anemia.
• ʻO kahi ʻike metabolic e nānā i nā pilikia me ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa a me ke ake. Hiki ke loaʻa nā pae kūpono ʻole o ka calcium, protein, kō kō, magnesium, sodium, a me potassium.
• ʻO ka mimi a i ʻole ke kīʻaha koko e nānā no nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau make.
• Pākuʻi x-ray.
• Holter monitoring a echocardiogram no ka puʻuwai pilikia.
• CT a MRI paha o ka lolo.
• Laryngoscopy a i ʻole bronchoscopy.
• Nā hoʻāʻo e loiloi i ka puʻuwai.
• Hōʻike no ka pertussis.
• Haʻawina hiamoe.
• ʻO nā kukuna X o nā iwi e ʻimi nei no ka ulia pōpilikia.
• ʻO ka loiloi no nā ʻano maʻi ʻokoʻa.

Inā pōkole ka hanana, ʻaʻohe hōʻailona o ka hanu a me nā pilikia o ka puʻuwai, a hoʻoponopono ʻia nona iho, ʻaʻole paha e noho kāu keiki i ka haukapila.

Nā kumu e ʻae ʻia ai kāu keiki i ka pō e komo pū me:

• Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka hanana me nā ʻōuli e hōʻike ana i kahi kumu koʻikoʻi hou aʻe.
• Kuhi ʻia a hōʻeha paha.
• Hoʻohihia ʻino.
• ʻIke ʻole ke keiki a maikaʻi ʻole paha.
• Pono e nānā a nānā paha i ka wā e hānai ana.
• Ka hopohopo no ka hiki i nā mākua ke mālama i ke keiki.

Inā ʻae ʻia, e nānā ʻia ka helu o ka puʻuwai a me ka hanu ʻana o kāu keiki.

E ʻōlelo paha ka mea hāʻawi iā ʻoe a me nā mea lawelawe ʻē aʻe:

• E kau i kāu pēpē ma kona kua i ka wā e hiamoe ana a i ʻole kūmoʻi. E noa kona helehelena.
• Hōʻalo i nā lako moe palupalu. E kau ʻia nā pēpē ma kahi moena moe paʻa paʻa paʻa paʻa ʻole me ka moe ʻole ʻole. E hoʻohana i kahi pale kukui e uhi i ka pēpē. Mai hoʻohana i nā uluna, nā mea hōʻoluʻolu, a me nā quilts.
• Hōʻalo i ka puhipaka lua.
• E noʻonoʻo i nā kulu ihu saline a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ipukukui nasal inā paʻa ka ihu.
• E aʻo i nā ʻenehana kūpono e pane ai i nā hanana e hiki mai ana. Hoʻopili kēia me NOT hoʻoluliluli i ka pēpē. Hiki i kāu mea hoʻolako ke aʻo iā ʻoe.
• Hōʻalo i ka hānai nui ʻana, hana pinepine i ke kanu ʻana i ka wā o ka hānai ʻana, a kū pololei i ka pēpē ma hope o ka hānai ʻana.
• E kamaʻilio me kāu mea hāʻawi ma mua o ka mānoanoa ʻana i ka hānai ʻana o kāu keiki a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau e hōʻemi i ka waikawa a me ka reflux.

ʻOiai ʻaʻole maʻa mau, e paipai ʻia nā lako hana kiaʻi home.

ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, he mea ʻino ʻole kēia mau hanana a ʻaʻole hōʻailona o nā pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi a i ʻole ka make.

ʻAʻole pilikia paha ʻo BRUE no ka make koke ʻana o ka maʻi pēpē (SIDS). ʻAʻohe o nā hanana o ka hanana ka hapa nui o nā mea i loaʻa iā SID.

Loaʻa paha i kahi keiki me nā mea weliweli no BRUE ka nui o ka makaʻu no ka hoʻi hou ʻana a i ʻole ke kū ʻana o kahi kumu koʻikoʻi.

Kāhea koke i ka mea hāʻawi inā manaʻo ʻia ka hōʻino keiki. ʻO nā hōʻailona kūpono o ka hōʻino ʻia:

• Lāʻau ʻona a ʻeha poʻo paha i kumu ʻole ʻia e kahi ulia
• ʻEha a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona ʻē aʻe o kahi ʻeha ma mua
• Ke kū wale nā ​​hanana i ke alo o kahi kahu hoʻokahi ke loaʻa ʻole nā ​​pilikia olakino ke kumu o kēia mau hanana

Hanana hoʻoweliweli ola maopopo; ALTE

Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM. Kaohi o ka hanu ʻana. I: Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM, hua. Nā Pono Nui o Pediatrics. 8th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 134.

ʻO Tieder JS, Bonkowsky JL, Etzel RA, et al; Kōmike Kōmike no nā hanana hoʻoweliweli ʻike ola. Ua hoʻoholo pōkole i nā hanana i hōʻike ʻole ʻia (nā hanana hoʻoweliweli e ʻike ʻia ma mua) a me ka loiloi ʻana i nā pēpē liʻiliʻi. Pediatrics. 2016; 137 (5). PMID: 27244835 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27244835/.