MRI

ʻO kahi scanning magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) kahi hōʻike kiʻi e hoʻohana ai i nā magnet a me nā nalu lekiō e hana i nā kiʻi o ke kino. ʻAʻole ia e hoʻohana i ka radiation ionizing (x-ray).

Kapa ʻia nā kiʻi MRI hoʻokahi i nā ʻāpana. Hiki ke mālama ʻia nā kiʻi ma ke kamepiula a paʻi ʻia paha i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni. Hiki i hoʻokahi hoʻokolohua ke hana i nā kiʻi he mau kaukani.

ʻO nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o MRI me:

• ʻO MRI ʻōpū
• ʻO CerRI MRI
• ʻO MRI umauma
• Cranial MRI
• Puʻuwai MRI
• Lumbar MRI
• Pelvic MRI
• MRA (MR Angiography)
• MRV (MR Venography)

Hiki iā ʻoe ke noi e ʻaʻahu i kahi kapa komo no ka haukapila a lole paha me ka ʻole o nā ziper a i ʻole nā ​​pahele (e like me ka sweatpants a me kahi pālule). Hiki i kekahi ʻano metala ke kumu i nā kiʻi blurry.

E moe ʻoe ma ka papaʻaiki liʻiliʻi, e pāheʻe ai i kahi scanner e like me ke ʻano o ke ana.

Koi ʻia kekahi mau hoʻāʻo i kahi kala kūikawā (ʻokoʻa). ʻO ka hapanui o ka manawa, e hāʻawi ʻia ka kala ma o kahi aa koko (IV) i kou lima a i ʻole ka forearm ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo. Kōkua ka wai kala i ka radiologist e ʻike maopopo i kekahi mau wahi.

ʻO nā hāmeʻa liʻiliʻi, i kapa ʻia he coil, hiki ke hoʻokau ʻia a puni ke poʻo, ka lima, a ka wāwae paha, a i ʻole nā ​​wahi ʻē aʻe e aʻo ai. Kōkua kēia mau mea i ka hoʻouna ʻana a loaʻa i nā nalu lekiō, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o nā kiʻi.

I ka wā o ka MRI, e nānā ka mea nāna e hoʻohana i ka mīkini iā ​​ʻoe mai kahi lumi ʻē aʻe. Lōʻihi ka hōʻike ma kahi o 30 a 60 mau minuke, akā lōʻihi paha ka lōʻihi.

E noi ʻia ʻoe ʻaʻole e ʻai a inu paha i kekahi mea no 4 a 6 mau hola ma mua o ka scanner.

E haʻi i kāu mea mālama ola inā makaʻu ʻoe i nā wahi kokoke (loaʻa claustrophobia). Hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i kahi lāʻau e kōkua ai iā ʻoe e hiamoe a liʻiliʻi i ka hopohopo, a i ʻole hāʻawi paha kāu mea lawelawe i kahi MRI hāmama, kahi kokoke ʻole ka mīkini i ke kino.

Ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo, e haʻi i kāu mea hāʻawi inā loaʻa iā ʻoe:

• ʻO nā valves puʻuwai hana
• Nā kiʻi anurysm lolo
• ʻO ka defibrillator puʻuwai a i ʻole pacemaker
• Hoʻokomo nā pepeiao loko (cochlear)
• ʻO ka maʻi kīkī a i ʻole ka dialysis (ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka hoʻohālikelike)
• Ua hoʻonoho ʻia i nā hono kuʻi
• Nā helehelena vascular
• Hana ʻia me ka metala i ka wā i hala (pono ʻoe i nā hoʻokolohua e nānā no nā ʻāpana metala i kou mau maka)

Ma muli o ka MRI i nā mākēneki ikaika, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia nā mea metala i loko o ka lumi me ka scanner MRI:

• Hiki ke hōʻino ʻia nā mea e like me nā mea nani, nā uaki, nā kāleka hōʻaiʻē, a me nā kōkua lohe.
• E lele paha nā peni, nā ʻeke ʻeke, a me nā aniani maka ma o ka lumi.
• Hiki i nā pine, nā hairpins, nā ziper metala, a me nā mea hao like ke kekee i nā kiʻi.
• Lawe ʻia nā hana niho hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia ma mua pono o ka scan.

ʻAʻohe ʻeha kahi hōʻike MRI. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka paʻakikī e moe moe a hopohopo nui paha, hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i lāʻau e hoʻomaha ai iā ʻoe. Hiki i ka neʻe keu ke hōʻino i nā kiʻi MRI a hana i nā hewa.

He paʻakikī a anuanu paha ka pākaukau, akā hiki iā ʻoe ke noi i kahi kapa moe a uluna paha. Hoʻopuka ka mīkini i nā kani kani kani a kani i ke kani ʻana. Hiki iā ʻoe ke komo i nā kui pepeiao e kōkua ai e hoʻēmi i ka walaʻau.

ʻO kahi intercom i loko o ka lumi e ʻae iā ʻoe e kamaʻilio me kekahi i kēlā me kēia manawa. Loaʻa i kekahi mau MRI nā kīwī a me nā pepeiao pepeiao kūikawā i hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana e kōkua i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa.

ʻAʻohe manawa hoʻōla, ke hāʻawi ʻole ʻia ʻoe i lāʻau e hoʻomaha ai. Ma hope o ka scan MRI, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaka hou i kāu papaʻai maʻamau, hana, a me nā lāʻau.

Hiki i ka MRI ke kōkua pinepine:

• Kuhi i kahi maʻi
• E alakaʻi i kahi kauka i kahi kūpono i ka wā o kahi biopsy
• Hoʻomaopopo i nā lehulehu a me nā puʻukū, me ka maʻi ʻaʻai
• E aʻo i nā kīʻaha koko

ʻO nā kiʻi MRI i lawe ʻia ma hope o ka waihoʻoluʻu kūikawā (ʻokoʻa) i loko o kou kino e hāʻawi i ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i nā kīʻaha koko.

ʻO ka angiogram resonance ʻume mākenēki (MRA) kahi ʻano o ke kiʻi resonance ʻume mākenēki e hana i nā kiʻi 3-dimensional o nā kīʻaha koko.

ʻO kahi hopena maʻamau ke ʻano o ka ʻāpana o ke kino e nānā ʻia maʻamau.

Pili nā hopena i ka ʻāpana o ke kino e nānā ʻia ana a me ke ʻano o ka pilikia. Hoʻouna hou nā ʻano ʻokoʻa i nā hōʻailona MRI like ʻole. ʻO kahi laʻana, hoʻouna hou nā mea olakino i kahi hōʻailona ʻokoʻa iki ma mua o nā maʻi maʻi maʻi. E kūkākūkā i kāu mea hoʻolako me nā nīnau a me nā hopohopo.

ʻAʻole hoʻohana ʻo MRI i ka radiation ionizing. ʻAʻole i hōʻike ʻia nā hopena ʻino mai nā māla ʻume mākenēki a me nā nalu lekiō.

ʻO ka ʻano maʻamau o ka ʻokoʻa (kala) i hoʻohana ʻia ʻo gadolinium. Manaʻo ʻia kēia lāʻau i palekana i ka hapanui o ka poʻe. Mālama ʻia ʻo Gadolinium i ka lolo a me nā mea ʻē aʻe (e like me ka ʻili i ka poʻe me nā maʻi puʻupaʻa) ma hope o ka hoʻohana. I nā hihia kakaikahi, ua hōʻino ʻia ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻili i nā mea maʻi me ka ʻole o ke kōkō preexisting. E haʻi i kāu mea hāʻawi ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo inā he pilikia nā puʻupaʻa.

Hiki i nā māla ikaika ikaika i hana ʻia i ka wā o ka MRI ke kumu i nā pacemaker puʻuwai a me nā implants ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole e hana pū. Hiki i nā mākēneki ke hana i kahi ʻāpana o ka hao i loko o kou kino e neʻe a neʻe paha.

Mākēneki resonance kiʻi; Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) kiʻi

• Nānā MRI

ʻO Carpenter JP, Litt H, Gowda M. Nā kiʻi resonance ʻume mākenēki a me ka arteriography. I: Sidawy AN, Perler BA, hua. ʻO Rutherford's Vascular Surgery a me Endotherapy Therapy. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 28.

ʻO Levine MS, ʻO Gore RM. Nā ʻōnaehana kiʻi diagnostic i gastroenterology. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 124.

ʻO Van Thielen T, van den Hauwe L, Van Goethem JW, Parizel PM. Ke kūlana o kēia manawa o ke kiʻi ʻana o ka iwi kuamoo a me nā hiʻohiʻona anatomical. I: Adam A, Dixon AK, Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM, eds. ʻO Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology: He puke aʻo ʻike kiʻi. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chap 47.

ʻO Wymer DTG, ʻo Wymer DC. Kiʻi kiʻi. I: Feehally J, Floege J, Tonelli M, Johnson RJ, eds. Nā Nephrology Haumāna piha. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 5.