Hoʻomaʻemaʻe opening drain
ʻO nā ʻākena wehe drain nā mea kemika i hoʻohana ʻia e wehe i nā kahawai paʻa, pinepine i nā hale. Hiki ke hana ʻia ka lāʻau make inā wehe hewa ke keiki i kēia mau kemika, a i ʻole e pīpī kekahi i ka lāʻau make i loko o nā maka ke ninini iā ia a hanu paha i nā ʻāhu o nā "puʻupuʻu" wehe puka.
ʻO kēia ʻatikala no ka ʻike wale nō. Mai hoʻohana ia mea e mālama a mālama i kahi lāʻau make maoli. Inā loaʻa ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi mea āu e launa pū ai, e kāhea i kāu helu pilikia kūloko (e like me 911), a i ʻole hiki ke kiʻi pololei ʻia i kahi kikowaena lāʻau make kūloko ma ke kāhea ʻana i ka laina laina kōkua Poison Help free (1-800-222-1222) mai nā wahi a ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
ʻO nā mea ʻona ʻona pū kekahi:
- ʻAkika Hydrochloric
- Lye (sodium hydroxide a i ʻole soda caustic)
- Pāpūkona hydroxide
- ʻAkika sulfuric
ʻIke ʻia kēia mau kemika i nā hoʻomaʻemaʻe kahe a i ʻole nā huahana wehe. Aia pū paha kēia mau ʻākena i nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe.
Hiki i ka hoʻowahāwahā ʻōpala ke kumu i nā hōʻailona ma nā ʻāpana he nui o ke kino.
KOKO
- Hoʻololi koʻikoʻi i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka waikawa o ke koko (kaulike pH), e alakaʻi ai i ka hōʻino ʻana i nā kino o ke kino
NĀ MAKA, NOHO, NAHI, A ME NUI
- Puhi i nā maka, a he hopena paha e lilo i ka hihi ʻike mau
- ʻEha nui i ka ʻāʻī
- ʻEha nui a puhi paha i ka ihu, maka, pepeiao, lehelehe, a alelo paha
ʻSTLELO GASTROINTESTINAL
- Koko i loko o ka pahu
- ʻO nā wela a me nā puka kūpono i ka puʻu (esophagus)
- ʻEha ʻeha loa
- ʻO ka luaʻi
- Koko luaʻi
ʻSTLELO HALE A ME KA CIRCULATORY
- Hāneʻe
- Ke koko haʻahaʻa e hoʻomohala wikiwiki (haʻalulu)
NUI NA ALOHA A ME NA ALANUI
- Ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana (mai ka hanu ʻana i ka agena wehe puka)
- ʻO ka ʻōpū ʻōpū (hiki i ke kumu o ka hanu paʻakikī)
ʻIli
- Burns
- Lā (nekrosis) i ka ʻili a i ʻole nā mea i lalo o lalo
- Hoʻonāukiuki
E ʻimi i ke kōkua lapaʻau ma KĀKAʻI. Mai hoʻolei i kahi kanaka ke ʻole e haʻi ʻia e hana i ka lāʻau make a i ʻole kahi mea mālama ola.
Inā ma ka ʻili a i ʻole i nā maka ka kemika, e pīpī i ka wai he nui no 15 mau minuke.
Inā ua ale ʻia ka kemikū, e hāʻawi koke i ka wai i ka mea a i ʻole ka waiū, ke ʻole ke aʻo ʻia e kahi mea hāʻawi. MAI hāʻawi i ka wai a i ʻole ka waiū inā loaʻa ke kanaka i nā ʻōuli (e like me ka luaʻi, ka haunaele, a i ʻole ka pae o ka makaʻala i hōʻemi ʻia) e paʻakikī e ale.
Inā hanu ke kanaka i ka lāʻau make, hoʻoneʻe koke iā lākou i ka ea hou.
E kiʻi i ka ʻike aʻe:
- Ka makahiki o ke kanaka, kaupaona, a me ke kūlana
- Ka inoa o ka huahana (a me nā mea hoʻohui a me ka ikaika, inā ʻike ʻia)
- Ka manawa ua ale ʻia
- Ua ale ʻia ka nui
Hiki ke kiʻi pololei ʻia kāu kikowaena lāʻau hoʻomake lāʻau kūloko ma ke kāhea ʻana i ka laina laina kōkua Poison Help manuahi (1-800-222-1222) mai nā wahi a pau o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. E ʻae kēia helu hotline aupuni iā ʻoe e kamaʻilio me nā loea i ka lāʻau make. E hāʻawi lākou iā ʻoe i nā ʻōkuhi ʻē aʻe.
He lawelawe manuahi kēia a pilikino. Hoʻohana nā kikowaena mālama lāʻau ʻona āpau i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i kēia helu aupuni. E kāhea ʻoe inā he nīnau kāu e pili ana i ka lāʻau make a i ʻole ka pale ʻana i ka lāʻau make. ʻAʻole pono ia e pilikia. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kāhea no nā kumu, 24 mau hola i ka lā, 7 mau lā o ka pule.
E ana a mālama ka mea hāʻawi i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ke kanaka, e like me ka mahana, ka pālū, ka hanu hanu, a me ke kahe o ke koko. E mālama ʻia nā ʻōuli ma ke kūpono. E loaʻa paha i ke kanaka:
- Nā hoʻāʻo ʻana o ke koko a me ka mimi
- Kākoʻo hanu, me ka oxygen ma o kahi paipu i loko o nā akemāmā, a me kahi mīkini hanu (ventilator)
- ʻO Bronchoscopy - kāmela i lalo i ka ʻāʻī e nānā i ke ahi ma nā ala kai a me nā akemāmā (inā ʻiʻini ʻia ka mea make)
- Pākuʻi x-ray
- ECG (puʻuwai e huli ana)
- Endoscopy - kāmela i lalo i ka ʻāʻī e nānā no ka wela i ka esophagus a me ka ʻōpū
- Nā Fluids ma o kahi aa (e IV)
- ʻO ka lāʻau e hoʻohuli i ka hopena o ka lāʻau make a mālama i nā ʻōuli
- ʻO ka wehe ʻana o ka ʻili i puhi ʻia (ʻili ʻili)
- Tube ma o ka waha i loko o ka ʻōpū e aspirate (omo i waho) ka ʻōpū. Hana ʻia kēia wale nō ke mālama ʻia ke kanaka i loko o 30 a 45 mau minuke o ka lāʻau make, a ale ʻia ka nui loa o ka mea
- Holoi i ka ʻili (hawai) - maliʻa paha i kēlā me kēia mau hola no nā lā he nui
Aia ka maikaʻi o ke kanaka ma muli o ka nui o nā lāʻau make i ale ʻia a me ka wikiwiki e loaʻa ai ka lāʻau. ʻO ka wikiwiki o ke kōkua olakino o ke kanaka, ʻo ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka manawa kūpono no ke ola ʻana.
Inā loaʻa kēia ʻano lāʻau make i ka maka, hiki ke makaʻu loa a paʻakikī hoʻi e hoʻokele. ʻO ka nalowale o ka hihiʻo ka mea maʻamau.
Hiki i ka ale ʻana i nā mea ʻino ke loaʻa i nā hopena koʻikoʻi ma nā ʻāpana he nui o ke kino. ʻO nā wela i ke ala ākea a i ʻole nā wahi gastrointestinal hiki ke alakaʻi i ka make ʻana i nā kiko. ʻO kēia ka hopena i ka maʻi, haʻalulu, a me ka make, a hala kekahi mau mahina ma hope o ka ale ʻia ʻana o ka mea. Hiki i ke kino scar ma nā wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia lōʻihi me ka hanu ʻana, ka ale ʻana a me ka digestion.
Hoʻopau i nā ʻākena wehe
ʻO Blanc PD. Nā pane kūpilikiʻi i nā hōʻike lāʻau make. I: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. ʻO Murray a me Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 75.
ʻO Hoyte C. Caustics. I: Nā paia RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Nā Manaʻo Manaʻo a me ka hana lapaʻau. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 148.