ʻO Encephalitis

ʻO ka Encephalitis ka huhū a me ka ʻōhū ʻana (mumū) o ka lolo, pinepine ma muli o nā maʻi.

He ʻano maʻamau ʻo Encephalitis. Kū pinepine pinepine ia i ka makahiki mua o ke ola a hoʻemi me ka makahiki. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka hihia o ka poʻe ʻōpio a me nā mākua nui loa.

Hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia ka Encephalitis e kahi maʻi. ʻO nā ʻano virus paha ke kumu iā ia.Hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ma o:

• Ka hanu ʻana i nā kulu wai mai ka ihu, waha, a ʻāʻī paha mai kahi mea maʻi
• Mea ʻai a inu paha i hoʻohaumia ʻia
• Mosquito, tick, a me nā mea ʻeke ʻeke ʻē aʻe
• Pili pili ʻili

Kū nā virus ʻokoʻa i nā wahi like ʻole. Hana ʻia nā hihia he nui i kekahi kau.

ʻO ka Encephalitis i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi herpes simplex ke kumu nui o nā hihia ʻoi loa i nā makahiki āpau, e like me nā keiki hānau hou.

Ua hoʻoliʻiliʻi nui ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻamau i nā encephalitis ma muli o kekahi mau mea ʻino, me:

• ʻLeskala
• Puʻupuʻu
• Polio
• ʻO Rabies
• ʻO Rubella
• Varicella (ka moa moa)

ʻO nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe i hoʻokumu i ka encephalitis me:

• Adenovirus
• ʻO Coxsackievirus
• Cytomegalovirus
• ʻO ka maʻi hoʻomaʻemaʻe equine encephalitis hikina
• ʻO Echovirus
• ʻO ka encephalitis Kepanī, i kū ʻia ma ʻAsia
• Virus Nile Komohana

Ma hope o ke komo ʻana o ka maʻi ma loko o ke kino, pehu ka lolo. Hiki i kēia ʻōhū ke hoʻopau i nā hunaola aʻa, a hana i ke kahe o ka lolo a me ka lolo.

Hiki i nā kumu ʻē aʻe o ka encephalitis ke:

• Kahi hopena maʻi ʻaʻai i nā lāʻau āpau
• Maʻi maʻi Autoimmune
• ʻO nā koʻohune e like me ka maʻi Lyme, syphilis, a me ka tuberculosis
• ʻO nā parasites e like me roundworms, cysticercosis, a me nā toxoplasmosis i ka poʻe me ka maʻi HIV / AIDS a me nā kānaka ʻē aʻe i nāwaliwali ka pale.
• Nā hopena o ka maʻi ʻaʻai

Loaʻa paha i kekahi poʻe nā ʻōuli o kahi maʻi anu a ʻōpū paha ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā ʻōnaehana encephalitis.

Ke ʻole koʻikoʻi loa kēia maʻi, e like paha nā ʻōuli me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe.

• ʻO ke kuni ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe loa
• ʻEha poʻo poʻo
• ʻO ka ikehu haʻahaʻa a me kahi makemake maikaʻi ʻole

ʻO nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe e like me:

• Clumsiness, hele wāwae paʻa ʻole
• Huikau, disorientation
• Hiamoe
• Huhū a i ʻole kaohi huhu maikaʻi ʻole
• ʻIke māmā
• ʻĀʻī ʻoʻoleʻa a hoʻi (i kekahi manawa)
• ʻO ka luaʻi

ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka ʻike ʻia o nā ʻōuli ma nā pēpē hou a me nā pēpē ʻōpio.

• ʻOʻoleʻa Kino
• Huhū a uē pinepine (hiki i kēia mau ʻōuli ke ʻino ke kiʻi ʻia ka pēpē)
• ʻAi hānai maikaʻi ʻole
• Pahu paha ke kiko palupalu ma ke poʻo o ke poʻo
• ʻO ka luaʻi

Nā hōʻailona pilikia:

• Ka nalowale o ka ʻike, pane pane maikaʻi ʻole, kūhoʻi, koma
• Ka nāwaliwali o ka mākala a i ʻole ka palapū
• Ka hopu ʻana i nā maʻi
• ʻEha poʻo poʻo
• Hoʻololi koke i nā hana noʻonoʻo, e like me ke ʻano pālahalaha, hoʻoponopono hewa ʻole, lilo i ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana, a i ʻole ka hoihoi ʻole i nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā

E hana ka mea mālama ola i kahi hoʻokolohua kino a nīnau e pili ana i nā ʻōuli.

ʻO nā hoʻāʻo e hana ʻia ana paha:

• Koʻo MRI
• CT scan o ke poʻo
• Hoʻololi ʻia kahi kiʻi paʻi hoʻokahi-photon (SPECT)
• ʻO ka moʻomeheu o ka wai cerebrospinal (CSF), ke koko, a i ʻole ka mimi (akā naʻe, ʻaʻohe pono kēia hōʻike)
• Electroencephalogram (EEG)
• Lumbar puncture a me CSF ninaninau
• Nā hoʻāʻo e ʻike ai i nā mea ʻino i kekahi mea hoʻomaʻi (nā hoʻāʻo serology)
• Hōʻike e ʻike i nā mea liʻiliʻi o ka maʻi DNA (polymerase chain react - PCR)

ʻO nā pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana e hāʻawi i ka mālama kōkua (hoʻomaha, meaʻai, nā wai) e kōkua i ke kino e hakakā i ka maʻi, a e hōʻoluʻolu i nā ʻōuli.

Pākuʻi ʻia paha nā lāʻau:

• Nā lāʻau Antiviral, inā he maʻi maʻi i hoʻokumu i ka maʻi
• ʻO Antibiotics, inā ʻo bacteria ka kumu
• Nā lāʻau Antiseizure e pale aku i ka hopu ʻana
• Steroids e hoʻemi i ka pehu o ka lolo
• ʻO nā sedatives no ka huhū a hoʻomaha ʻole paha
• ʻO Acetaminophen no ke kuni a me ka maʻi poʻo

Inā loli loa ka hana o ka lolo, pono paha ka hoʻōla kino a me ka haʻi ʻōlelo ma hope o ka kaohi ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi.

Hoʻololi ka hopena. Mālie a pōkole kekahi mau hihia, a ola pono ke kanaka. Kūpilikiʻi nā hihia ʻē aʻe, a hiki i nā pilikia paʻa a make paha ka hiki.

ʻO ka mahele maʻamau ka lōʻihi o 1 a 2 mau pule. ʻO ke kuni a me nā ʻōuli ke nalo a nalowale paha. Lawe paha kekahi poʻe i mau mahina e ola hou.

Hiki ke hōʻino ʻia ka lolo paʻa i nā hihia koʻikoʻi o ka encephalitis. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopili:

• Lohe ʻana
• Hoʻomanaʻo
• Mākala mākala
• Manaʻo Manaʻo
• ʻLelo
• Hihio

E hele i ka lumi pilikia a kāhea paha i ka helu pilikia kūloko (e like me 911) inā loaʻa iā ʻoe:

• Ke kuni hikiwawe
• Nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe o ka encephalitis

Pono nā keiki a me nā mākua e hōʻalo i ka launa ʻana me nā mea ʻē encephalitis āpau.

ʻO ke kaohi ʻana i nā makika (hiki i ka nahu makika ke hoʻoili i kekahi mau maʻi ʻino) hiki ke hoʻēmi i ka manawa o kekahi mau maʻi e hiki ai i ka encephalitis.

• E noi i kahi repellant insect i loaʻa ka kemika, DEET ke hele ʻoe i waho (akā mai hoʻohana i nā huahana DEET ma luna o nā pēpē ma mua o 2 mau mahina).
• Wehe i nā kumu wai e kū nei (e like me nā pākeke kahiko, nā kini, nā ʻauwaha, a me nā loko ʻauʻau).
• E komo i nā pālule pūlima a me ka lole wāwae ke hele i waho, keu hoʻi i ka wā ahiahi.

Pono nā kamaliʻi a me nā mākua e loaʻa i nā lāʻau hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻamau no nā mea ʻino i hiki ke hana i ka encephalitis. Pono i nā kānaka ke loaʻa i nā lāʻau āpau inā hele lākou i nā wahi e like me nā ʻāpana o ʻAsia, kahi e loaʻa ai ka encephalitis Kepanī.

Lawe i nā holoholona e pale aku i ka encephalitis i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi maʻi rabies.

• Shunt Ventriculoperitoneal - hoʻokuʻu

Bloch KC, Glaser CA, Tunkel AR. ʻO Encephalitis a me myelitis. I: Cohen J, Powderly WG, Opal SM, hua pā. Nā maʻi laha. ʻEhā ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 20.

ʻO Bronstein DE, Glaser CA. ʻO Encephalitis a me meningoencephalitis. I: Cherry JD, Harrison GJ, Kaplan SL, Steinbach WJ, Hotez PJ, eds. ʻO Feigin lāua ʻo Cherry's Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 8th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 36.

Lissauer T, Carroll W. maʻi a me ka pale ʻana. I: Lissauer T, Carroll W, eds. ʻO ka puke kākau moʻolelo no Paediatrics. 5th lā. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 15.