ʻAlaʻai meaʻai

ʻO kahi allergy meaʻai kahi ʻano pale pale i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e nā hua manu, ka pī, ka waiū, ka ʻāpala a i ʻole kekahi mau meaʻai kikoʻī.

Nui ka poʻe i ka hoʻomanawanui ʻole i ka meaʻai. ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau o kēia huaʻōlelo i ka puʻuwai, cramp, ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, a i ʻole ka diarrhea e hiki ke hana ma hope o kā lākou ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai e like me:

• Nā huahana kulina
• ʻO ka waiū o ka bipi a me nā mea hana waiū (lactose intolerance)
• ʻO ka palaoa a me nā hua ʻē aʻe i piha i ka gluten (maʻi celiac)

ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maoli.

Pilikia mau ka ʻōnaehana pale i ke kino i nā mea hōʻino, e like me ka bacteria a me nā mea hoʻomaʻi. Hana pū kekahi ia i nā mea haole i kapa ʻia he allergens. He mea maʻamau ʻole kēia mau mea, a i ka hapa nui o ka poʻe, mai hana i kahi pilikia.

I loko o ke kanaka me ka maʻi ʻaʻai, he oversensitive ka pane pale. Ke hoʻomaopopo ia i kahi alergen, hoʻōlapa ka ʻōnaehana pale i kahi pane. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā kemika e like me histamines. Kumu kēia mau kemika i nā ʻōuli a pau.

Hiki i nā meaʻai ke hana i kahi hopena maʻi. ʻO nā mea āpau āpau āpau ka meaʻai i:

• ʻO nā hua manu (ʻo ka hapanui o nā keiki)
• ʻO ka iʻa (nā keiki a me nā mākua)
• Milk (ka poʻe o nā makahiki āpau)
• Peanuts (ka poʻe o nā makahiki āpau)
• ʻO nā pūpena e like me ka ʻōpae, pāpaʻi, a me ka ʻula (nā poʻe o nā makahiki āpau)
• Soy (ka hapanui o nā keiki)
• Nā hua lāʻau (nā poʻe o nā makahiki āpau)
• ʻO ka palaoa (ka poʻe o nā makahiki āpau)

I nā hihia maʻamau, hiki i nā mea hoʻohui meaʻai, e like me nā kala, nā mānoanoa, a me nā preservatives ke kumu i kahi allergy meaʻai a i ʻole ke ahonui intolerance.

Loaʻa i kekahi poʻe i ka allergy waha. ʻO kēia kahi maʻi maʻi maʻi āpau e hoʻopili i ka waha a me ka elelo ma hope o kā lākou ʻai ʻana i kekahi mau huaʻai a me nā mea kanu.

• Loaʻa i nā melona, ​​nā ʻāpala, nā pineapa, a me nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe i nā mea like me kekahi mau pollens.
• Kū pinepine ka hopena ke ʻai ʻoe i ke ʻano maka o nā meaʻai. Aia ke kaumaha i ka hopena ma muli o ka nui o nā meaʻai āu e ʻai ai.

Hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā ʻōuli ma waena o 2 mau hola ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana. I kekahi manawa, hoʻomaka nā ʻōuli ma hope o nā hola ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai.

ʻO nā ʻōuli nui o ke alapiʻi meaʻai me nā hives, kahi leo uē, a me ke kaniʻuhū ʻana.

ʻO nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe e kū pū paha me:

• ʻO ka pehu (angioedema), keu hoʻi o nā lihilihi, maka, lehelehe, a me ke alelo
  
• Pilikia i ka ale ʻana a me ka hanu ʻana ma muli o ka pehu ʻana o ka puʻu
• Ka makaʻu o ka waha, ka ʻāʻī, nā maka, ka ʻili, a i ʻole nā ​​wahi ʻē aʻe
• Mālamalama a maule paha
• Pihu ihu, ihu ihu
• ʻO ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, diarrhea, nausea, a i ʻole ka luaʻi

Nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi wānana (waha) Allergy Syndrome:

• ʻIliʻi nā lehelehe, elelo, a me ka ʻāʻī
• Nā lehelehe pehu (i kekahi manawa)

I kahi hopena koʻikoʻi, i kapa ʻia ka anaphylaxis, me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā ʻōuli i luna, loaʻa paha ʻoe i ke koko haʻahaʻa a paʻa i nā alaloa. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua koko a ʻili paha i kekahi manawa e hōʻoia he maʻi ʻaʻai kāu. ʻO kahi pahuhopu meaʻai pālua makapō kahi ala e ʻike ai i nā maʻi ʻaʻai maoli. I loko o kēia hoʻokolohua, ʻaʻole ʻoe a me kāu mea mālama ola e ʻike i ka mea āu e ʻai nei.

Me nā papa ʻaina hoʻopau, pale aku ʻoe i ka meaʻai i manaʻo ʻia a hiki i ka nalo ʻana o kāu hōʻailona. A laila hoʻomaka ʻoe e ʻai hou i nā meaʻai e ʻike ai inā hoʻomohala ʻoe i kahi hopena maʻi ʻaʻa.

I ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻana (hoʻāʻo) e hoʻāʻo ai, ʻai ʻoe i kahi mea liʻiliʻi o ka meaʻai i manaʻo ʻia ma lalo o ka nānā lāʻau. Hiki i kēia ʻano hoʻāʻo ke kumu i nā hopena maʻi ʻaihā. Pono e hana i kahi hoʻāʻo luʻi e kahi mea hoʻolako i hoʻomaʻamaʻa.

Mai hoʻāʻo e hoʻokumu i kahi hopena a hoʻōla hou i kahi meaʻai iā ʻoe iho. E hana wale ʻia kēia mau hoʻāʻo ma lalo o ke alakaʻi a kahi mea hāʻawi, keu hoʻi inā he koʻikoʻi kāu hopena mua.

Inā kānalua ʻoe he maʻi pāʻakai kāu a ʻo kāu keiki paha, e ʻike i ke kauka loea allergy (ka maʻi ʻāpala).

Hiki ke hoʻopili i kekahi o kēia mau mea:

• Ke hōʻalo nei i ka meaʻai (ʻo kēia ka lapaʻau kūpono loa).
• Desensitization, i ka wā e ʻai ai ʻoe i kahi nui o nā meaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā. Pono e hana i kēia ma lalo o ke alakaʻi a kahi mea alergist.

ʻO nā mālama ʻana ʻē aʻe, e like me nā pana kīwī a me nā probiotics, ʻaʻole i hōʻoia ʻia e kōkua me nā meaʻai āpau.

Inā pilikia kāu keiki me ka waiū waiū o ka bipi, manaʻo paha kāu mea hāʻawi i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i kahi haʻuki soy a i ʻole kekahi mea i kapa ʻia he kumumanaʻo elemental, inā loaʻa.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻōuli ma kahi wale nō o ke kino, no ka laʻana, he hive ma ka auwae ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai, ʻaʻole ʻoe e pono i kahi lapaʻau. E hala paha nā ʻōuli i kahi manawa pōkole. Hiki i nā Antihistamines ke hoʻokuʻu i ka discomfort. Hiki i nā kalima ʻili hōʻoluʻolu ke hāʻawi i kahi hoʻomaha.

Inā ua hōʻoia ʻia ʻoe me kahi allergy meaʻai, e aʻo pehea e hoʻohana ai i ka epinephrine injectable. Loaʻa iā ʻoe me ʻoe i nā manawa āpau. Inā hoʻomohala ʻoe i kekahi ʻano ʻano koʻikoʻi a i ʻole kino holoʻokoʻa (ʻoiai nā hives) ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai.

• Hoʻokomo i ka epinephrine.
• A laila e hele koke i kahi haukapila kokoke loa a i ʻole kahi wahi pilikia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma o ka kaʻa kaʻahua.

Hiki i nā hui aʻe ke hāʻawi hou aku i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā meaʻai āpau o ka meaʻai:

• American Academy of Allergy Asthma a me Immunology - www.aaaai.org/conditions-and-treatments/allergies/food-allergies
• ʻImi a me ka Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻAiʻai Meaʻai (FARE) - www.foodallergy.org/
• National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases - www.niaid.nih.gov/diseases-conditions/food-allergy

ʻO nā mea āpau āpau i ka peanuts, nā kumu lāʻau, a me nā shellfish e mau i ke ola holoʻokoʻa.

Maʻalahi ke pale ʻana i nā meaʻai pilikia inā ʻike pinepine ʻole ʻia ka meaʻai a maʻalahi paha e ʻike. Ke ʻai nei ma kahi o ka home, e nīnau i nā nīnau kikoʻī e pili ana i ka meaʻai e lawelawe ʻia iā ʻoe Ke kūʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai, heluhelu pono i nā mea pūʻolo.

ʻO ka Anaphylaxis kahi maʻi ʻino a paʻakikī i ke kino holoʻokoʻa e hoʻoweliweli nei i ke ola. ʻOiai ʻo ka poʻe me ka maʻi allergy waha he hopena anaphylactic paha i nā hanana kakaʻikahi, pono lākou e nīnau i kā lākou kauka inā pono lākou e hāpai i ka epinephrine i hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia.

Hiki i nā meaʻai āpau ke hoʻoulu a hōʻino paha i ka hānō, eczema, a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi ʻē aʻe.

Nā ʻanuʻu e lawe ai i ka hopena o ka hopena maʻi ʻaʻai:

• Kāhea i kāu helu kūloko kūloko, e like me 911, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hopena koʻikoʻi a i ʻole kino holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hū ʻana a me ka paʻakikī e hanu, ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i kahi meaʻai.
• Inā kau ka mea hāʻawi i ka epinephrine no nā hopena koʻikoʻi, e hoʻokomo iā ia i ka wā hiki ke hiki, a ma mua hoʻi o ke kāhea ʻana iā 911. ʻO ka wikiwiki o kou hoʻopili ʻana i ka epinephrine, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
• ʻO kēlā me kēia mea i loaʻa i kahi hopena maʻi ʻaʻai i kahi meaʻai e pono e ʻike ʻia e kahi mea alapiʻi.

Hiki i ka hānai hānai ke pale aku i nā maʻi āpau. Inā ʻole, ʻaʻohe ala i ʻike ʻia e pale aku ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻO ka manaʻoʻiʻo a me ka hana maʻamau ka hoʻopanee ʻana i ka hoʻolauna ʻana i nā meaʻai āpau i nā pēpē a hiki i ka manawa o kā lākou gastrointestinal tract e oʻo ai e oʻo. Hoʻololi ka manawa no kēia mai ka meaʻai i ka meaʻai a mai ka pēpē a i ka pēpē.

ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ka pale ʻana i nā pīni i ka wā kamaliʻi e pale aku ai, a hoʻonui paha, i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka allan peanut. ʻ suggestlelo aku nā kauka i kēia manawa e hoʻolauna i nā meaʻai i ka peanut i nā pēpē, i hiki ai ke pale aku i ka maʻi peanut. E kamaʻilio me kāu mea hāʻawi i kāu keiki e aʻo hou aʻe.

I ka manawa e ulu ai kahi alapiʻi, e makaʻala pono i nā meaʻai hōʻino i ka wā maʻamau e pale i nā pilikia hou.

ʻAhaʻi i ka meaʻai; ʻAlaʻai meaʻai - peanuts; ʻAlaʻai meaʻai - soy; ʻAlaʻai meaʻai - iʻa; ʻAlaʻai meaʻai - shellfish; ʻAlaʻai meaʻai - nā hua manu; ʻAlaʻai meaʻai - ka waiū

• myPlate
• Anaphylaxis
• Nā mea āpau o ka meaʻai
• Heluhelu i nā lepili ʻai
• Perioral dermatitis
• Nā Antibodies

Manu JA, Jones S, Burks W. ʻAlaʻai meaʻai. I: Rich RR, Fleisher TA, Shearer WT, Schroeder HW, Frew AJ, Weyand CM, eds. ʻO Immunology Haumāna: Nā Kumu a me nā Haʻawina. 5th lā. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 45.

ʻO Sicherer SH, Lack G, ʻo Jones SM. ʻO ka hoʻoponopono maʻi ʻaʻai. I: Burks AW, Holgate ST, O'Hehir RE, et al, eds. Middleton's Allergy: Nā Manaʻo a me ka Hoʻomaʻamaʻa. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 82.

Togias A, Cooper SF, Acebal ML, et al. Nā kulekele Addendum no ka pale ʻana i nā alani pīnū maʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa: hōʻike o ka National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases-sponsored panel panel. ʻO J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017; 139 (1): 29-44. PMID: 28065278 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28065278/.