ʻO BRCA1 a me BRCA2 hōʻike hoʻāʻo

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o BRCA1 a me BRCA2 kahi hōʻike koko e hiki ke haʻi iā ʻoe inā he ʻoi aku kou kiʻekiʻe i ka loaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Loaʻa ka inoa BRCA mai nā leka mua ʻelua o ʻO brka hikina cancer

ʻO BRCA1 a me BRCA2 nā ʻāpana e kāohi i nā hikoko malignant (cancer) i loko o nā kānaka. Ke loli kēia mau gen (lilo i mutated) ʻaʻole lākou e kaomi i nā tumors e like me ka mea e pono ai. No laila ʻo ka poʻe me BRCA1 a me BRCA2 gen mutations ka mea i ʻoi aku ka makaʻu i ka loaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻOi aku ka makaʻu o nā wahine me kēia mutation i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian. Hiki paha i nā loli ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ka wahine i ka hoʻomohala ʻana:

• Maʻi ʻaʻai cerviery
• Maʻi ʻaʻai Uterine
• Maʻi ʻaʻai Kolona
• Maʻi ʻaʻai Pancreatic
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai Gallbladder a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai bile duct
• Maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū
• Melanoma

ʻO nā kāne me kēia hoʻololi e loaʻa pinepine i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hiki i nā loli ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ke kāne i ka hoʻomohala ʻana:

• Maʻi ʻaʻai umauma
• Maʻi ʻaʻai Pancreatic
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai testicular
• Maʻi ʻaʻai Prostate

Ma kahi o 5% o nā maʻi ʻōpū a me 10 i ka 15% o nā maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian e pili ana me BRCA1 a me BRCA2 hoʻololi.

Ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, pono ʻoe e kamaʻilio me ke kākāʻōlelo genetic e aʻo hou e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua, a me nā pilikia a me nā pōmaikaʻi o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana.

Inā he lālā ʻohana kou me ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka umauma a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian, e ʻike inā ua hoʻāʻo ʻia kēlā kanaka no ka hoʻololi BRCA1 a me BRCA2. Inā loaʻa ka mutation o kēlā kanaka, noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe e hoʻāʻo ʻana pū kekahi.

Loaʻa i kekahi o kou ʻohana ka BRCA1 a i ʻole BRCA2 hoʻololi inā:

• ʻElua a ʻoi paha mau ʻohana pili (makua, kaikaina, keiki) i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma ma mua o ka makahiki 50
• Loaʻa i kahi kāne pili i ka maʻi ʻaʻai
• Loaʻa i ka hoahānau wahine ka umauma a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian
• ʻElua mau ʻohana i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian
• ʻO ʻoe no ka Hikina ʻEulopa (Ashkenazi) he kūpuna Iudaio, a ʻo ka ʻohana pili loa he umauma a maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian paha

He haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kāu e loaʻa ai ka BRCA1 a i ʻole BRCA2 hoʻololi inā:

• ʻAʻohe ou hoahānau i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma ma mua o ka makahiki 50
• ʻAʻohe ou hoahānau i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian
• ʻAʻohe ou ʻohana i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai kāne kāne

Ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, e kamaʻilio i ke kākāʻōlelo genetic e hoʻoholo inā loaʻa ka hōʻike.

• Lawe pū me ʻoe i kāu moʻolelo olakino, ka mōʻaukala olakino ʻohana, a me nā nīnau.
• Makemake paha ʻoe e lawe i kekahi me ʻoe e hoʻolohe a lawe i nā memo. He paʻakikī e hoʻolohe a hoʻomanaʻo i nā mea āpau.

Inā hoʻoholo ʻoe e hoʻāʻo ʻia, hoʻouna ʻia kāu laʻana koko i kahi lab i loea i ka hoʻāʻo genetic. E hoʻāʻo kēlā lab i kou koko no ka BRCA1 a me BRCA2 hoʻololi. Hiki iā ia ke hala i mau pule a i ʻole mau mahina e loaʻa nā hopena hōʻike.

Ke hoʻi mai nā hopena o ka hoʻāʻo, e wehewehe ke kākāʻōlelo genetic i nā hopena a me ke ʻano o lākou nāu.

ʻO kahi hopena hōʻike maikaʻi ʻo ia ka hoʻoilina iā BRCA1 a i ʻole BRCA2 hoʻololi.

• ʻAʻole ia he manaʻo he maʻi maʻi kou, a i ʻole e loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO kēia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka makaʻu i ka loaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
• ʻO ia hoʻi hiki iā ʻoe a i ʻole hiki ke hoʻoili i kēia hoʻololi i kāu poʻe keiki. Kēlā me kēia manawa he keiki kāu aia kahi 1 i ka 2 manawa e loaʻa i kāu keiki ka hoʻololi i loaʻa iā ʻoe.

Ke ʻike ʻoe i ka makaʻu kiʻekiʻe o ka ulu ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo inā ʻoe e hana i kekahi mea ʻokoʻa.

• Makemake paha ʻoe e loiloi pinepine ʻia i ka maʻi ʻaʻai, no laila hiki ke hopu a mālama ʻia.
• Loaʻa paha kahi lāʻau i hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i hiki ke hōʻemi i kou manawa e loaʻa ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
• Koho ʻoe i ka hana ʻoki e wehe i kou umauma a i ʻole nā ​​ovaries.

ʻAʻole kekahi o kēia mau akahele e hoʻohiki iā ʻoe ʻaʻole e loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Inā maikaʻi ʻole kāu hopena hōʻike no ka BRCA1 a me BRCA2 hoʻololi, e haʻi ke kākā'ōlelo genetic iā ʻoe i ke ʻano o kēia. E kōkua kou mōʻaukala ʻohana i ke kākāʻōlelo genetika e hoʻomaopopo i kahi hopena hōʻike maikaʻi ʻole.

ʻO ka hopena hōʻike maikaʻi ʻole ʻaʻole ia he kumu ʻaʻole ʻoe e loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ka like o ka makaʻu o ka loaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai e like me ka poʻe i loaʻa ʻole kēia hoʻololi.

E kūkā pono e kūkākūkā i nā hopena āpau o kāu mau hoʻāʻo, a me nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole, me kāu ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo ʻaoʻao.

Ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma - BRCA1 a me BRCA2; Ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōvarian - BRCA1 a me BRCA2

ʻO Moyer VA; ʻO ka Pūʻali Hana lawelawe lawelawe US. ʻO ka loiloi weliweli, ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo ʻana, a me ka hoʻāʻo genetic no ka maʻi ʻaʻa e pili ana i ka BRCA i nā wahine. ʻO Ann Intern Med. 2014; 160 (4): 271-281. PMID: 24366376 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24366376.

Pūnaewele ʻo National Cancer Institute. Hoʻololi ʻo BRCA: ka makaʻu maʻi ʻaʻai a me nā hoʻokolohua kūlohelohe. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/genetics/brca-fact-sheet. Hoʻohou i Ianuali 30, 2018. Loaʻa iā ʻAukake 5, 2019.

Nussbaum RL, McInnes RR, Willard HF. Nā genetics maʻi ʻaʻai a me nā genomics. I: Nussbaum RL, McInnes RR, Willard HF, hua. ʻO Thompson lāua ʻo Thompson Genetics i ka Lapaʻau. 8th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 15.

• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma
• Hōʻike genetic
• Kanesa Ovarian