Maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi ka maʻi i hoʻoili ʻia i waena o nā ʻohana. ʻO nā ʻulaʻula o ke koko e hoʻohālikelike ʻia e like me kahi disk e lawe i ka pahi kākela a i ʻole ke ʻano crescent. Hāpai nā hunaola ʻulaʻula i ka oxygen ma loko o ke kino.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka maʻi maʻi maʻi e kekahi ʻano hemoglobin ʻole i kapa ʻia ʻo hemoglobin S. Hemoglobin kahi protein i loko o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula e lawe ana i ka oxygen.

• Hoʻololi ʻo Hemoglobin S i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula. E palupalu nā hunaola ʻulaʻula a hoʻohālikelike ʻia e like me ka crescents a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi maʻi.
• Hāʻawi nā pūnaewele ʻino i ka oxygen liʻiliʻi i nā kino o ke kino.
• Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopili maʻalahi i nā kīʻaha koko liʻiliʻi a haki i nā ʻāpana. Hiki i kēia ke hōʻoki i ke kahe o ke koko olakino a ʻoki loa i ka nui o ka oxygen e kahe ana i nā kino o ke kino.

Hoʻoilina ʻia ka maʻi maʻi maʻi mai nā mākua ʻelua. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻāpana cell sickle mai hoʻokahi wale nō makua, loaʻa iā ʻoe ke ʻano o ka cell sickle. ʻAʻohe o nā kānaka i loaʻa i ke ʻano o ka cell sickle nā ​​ʻōuli o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi.

ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o nā maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi i nā poʻe o ko ʻApelika a me ko Mediterane. ʻIke pū ʻia ia i nā poʻe mai Hema a me Central ʻAmelika, Caribbean a me ka Hikina Waena.

ʻAʻole kū nā ʻōuli a hiki i ka hala ʻana o nā makahiki 4.

ʻAneʻane ʻo ka poʻe āpau me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi e loaʻa nā ʻeha ʻeha i kapa ʻia ʻo crises. Hiki ke hala kēia mau mea mai nā hola a i nā lā. Hiki i nā pilikia ke hōʻeha i ka ʻaoʻao i lalo, ka wāwae, nā hono, a me ka umauma.

Kekahi kanaka i kekahi Episode i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO kekahi poʻe he nui nā ʻāpana i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Hiki ke lawa ka pilikia i nā pilikia e koi ai i kahi noho haukapila.

Ke hele a koʻikoʻi ka anemia, hiki i nā ʻōuli ke komo pū:

• Ka luhi
• Maʻaleʻa
• Helu puʻuwai wikiwiki
• Pokole o ka hanu
• Yellowing o nā maka a me ka ʻili (jaundice)

ʻO nā keiki ʻōpio me nā maʻi maʻi illle e hōʻeha i ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū.

Hiki ke hana ʻia nā ʻōuli aʻe ma muli o ke ākea o nā kīʻaha koko liʻiliʻi e nā hunaola ʻokoʻa:

• ʻO ke kūkulu ʻeha a hoʻolōʻihi ʻia (priapism)
• ʻIke maka ʻole ʻole a makapō paha
• Nā pilikia me ka noʻonoʻo a huikau paha i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā kaha liʻiliʻi
• Ulcer ma nā wāwae lalo (i nā ʻōpio a me nā mākua)

Ma hope o ka manawa, kū ka spleen i ka hana. A ʻo kahi hopena, loaʻa i nā poʻe me nā maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi nā ʻōuli o nā maʻi e like me:

• Iwi maʻiʻaʻai (osteomyelitis)
• ʻO ka maʻi maʻi Gallbladder (cholecystitis)
• Maʻi maʻi maʻi (pneumonia)
• Maʻi ʻaʻai Urinary

ʻO nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe a me nā ʻōuli e like me:

• Hoʻolohi ʻia ka ulu a me ka wā ʻōpio
• ʻO nā hono ʻeha i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi kōpaʻa
• Ka naʻau a i ʻole ke akepaʻa ma muli o ka nui o ka hao (mai ke kōpili ʻana o ke koko)

Hana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo e ʻike pono a nānā i ka poʻe me nā maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi:

• Bilirubin
• Ka māʻona oxygen oxygen
• Helu piha koko (CBC)
• Electrogoresis Hemoglobin
• Serum creatinine
• Pāhare potassium
• Hōʻike ʻili paʻa

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana e mālama a kāohi i nā ʻōuli, a e kaupalena i ka nui o nā pilikia. ʻO ka poʻe me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi e pono ke mālama mau ʻia, ʻoiai ʻaʻole pilikia.

Pono nā poʻe me kēia ʻano e lawe i nā mea hoʻohui folic acid. Kōkua ka waikawa Folic i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula hou.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no kahi pilikia o ka cell sickle:

• Hoʻololi ke koko (hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i nā manawa āpau e pale i ka hahau)
• Nā lāʻau ʻeha
• Nui nā wai

ʻO nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe no ka maʻi maʻi sickle:

• Hydroxyurea (Hydrea), kahi e kōkua ai e hōʻemi i ka helu o nā ʻeha ʻeha (me ka ʻeha o ka umauma a me nā pilikia hanu) i kekahi poʻe.
• Nā Antibiotics, ka mea e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi koʻohune i maʻa mau i nā keiki me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi
• Nā lāʻau e hoʻemi ana i ka nui o ka hao i ke kino
• Ua ʻae ʻia nā hoʻoponopono hou e hōʻemi i ke alapine a me ke koʻikoʻi o nā pilikia ʻeha

Nā hana e pono ai e mālama i nā pilikia o ka maʻi maʻi sickle:

• Dialysis a i ʻole ke kanu ʻana o ka hakuʻala no ka maʻi puʻupaʻa
• ʻLelo aʻoaʻo no nā pilikia psychological
• ʻO ka hemo ʻana o ka gallbladder i nā kānaka me ka maʻi o ka gallstone
• Hoʻololi Hip no ka avros nekrosis o ka hip
• ʻOki kino no ka pilikia o ka maka
• ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka hoʻohana nui ʻana a i ʻole ka hōʻino ʻana i nā lāʻau ʻeha narcotic
• Mālama maikaʻi no ka ulcer wāwae

Hiki i ka iwi pūpū a i ʻole nā ​​transplants cell ke hoʻōla i ka maʻi o ka maʻi sickle, akā ʻaʻole kēia koho he koho no ka hapa nui o ka poʻe. ʻAʻole hiki i ka poʻe me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi illote ke ʻike i nā mea kōkua pūnana koʻokoʻo kūpono.

Pono nā poʻe me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi i nā lāʻau e hiki mai ana e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka makaʻu no ka maʻi.

• Haemophilus influenzae vaccine (Hib)
• ʻO ka lāʻau vaccine conjugate Pneumococcal (PCV)
• ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Pysocococcal polysaccharide (PPV)

ʻO ka hui ʻana i kahi hui kākoʻo kahi e puʻunaue ai nā lālā i nā pilikia maʻamau hiki ke hoʻokuʻu i ke koʻikoʻi o kahi maʻi maʻi.

I ka wā ma mua, make pinepine ka poʻe me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi ma waena o nā makahiki 20 a 40. Mahalo i ka mālama hou, hiki i ka poʻe i kēia manawa ke ola i ka makahiki 50 a ʻoi.

ʻO nā kumu o ka make e komo pū me ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka ʻōpū a me ka maʻi.

Kāhea i kāu kahu mālama ola inā loaʻa iā ʻoe:

• ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi (fiva, ʻeha ke kino, ʻeha poʻo, luhi)
• Nā pilikia ʻeha
• ʻO ke kūkulu ʻeha a lōʻihi hoʻi (i nā kāne)

Anemia - ka maʻiʻo sickle; ʻO ka maʻi Hemoglobin SS (Hb SS); Anemia maʻi maʻi maʻi

• ʻUla koko ʻulaʻula, ʻili maʻiʻo
• Nā koko ʻulaʻula - maʻamau
• Nā hunaola ʻulaʻula - nā ʻāpana sickle he nui
• ʻUla koko ʻulaʻula
• Nā hunaola ʻulaʻula - maʻi pahi a me Pappenheimer
• Nā mea i hana ʻia o ke koko
• Nā pūnaewele koko

ʻO Howard J. Sickle cell maʻi a me nā hemoglobinopathies ʻē aʻe. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 154.

Meier ER. Nā koho lapaʻau no ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi. ʻO Pediatr Clin North Am. 2018; 65 (3) 427-443. PMID 29803275 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29803275/.

Pūnaewele Lung Heart Lung a me Blood Institute. Ka mālama ʻana i nā hōʻike no ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi: hōʻike pūʻulu loea, 2014. www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/evidence-based-management-sickle-cell-disease. Hoʻohou ʻia Kepakemapa 2014. Loaʻa iā Ianuali 19, 2018.

ʻO Saunthararajah Y, Vichinsky EP. ʻO ka maʻi maʻi maʻi: nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka hoʻokele. I: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Nā Kumumanaʻo a me ka Hoʻomeheu. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 42.

Smith-Whitley K, Kwiatkowski JL. Hemoglobinopathies. I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 489.