ʻO ka maʻi nephritic koʻikoʻi

ʻO ka maʻi nephritic maʻi nui kahi hui o nā ʻōuli i kū ʻia me kekahi mau maʻi e kumu ai ka pehu a me ka mumū o ka glomeruli i ka puʻupaʻa, a i ʻole glomerulonephritis.

Hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia ka maʻi nephritic maʻi nui e kahi pane pale i hoʻoulu ʻia e kahi maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā kumu maʻamau i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio:

• Hemolytic uremic syndrome (maʻi e kū ana i kahi maʻi i ka ʻōnaehana digestive e hoʻopuka i nā mea ʻona e luku i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula a hōʻeha i nā puʻupaʻa)
• Henoch-Schönlein purpura (maʻi e pili ana i nā kiko poni ma ka ʻili, ʻeha pū, nā pilikia gastrointestinal a me glomerulonephritis)
• IgA nephropathy (maʻi kahi i kapa ʻia ai nā mea ʻino i kapa ʻia ʻo IgA i loko o nā aʻa puʻupaʻa)
• Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (hakuʻala maʻi e kū ma hope o ka maʻi ʻana me kekahi mau ʻano o nā koʻohune streptococcus)

ʻO nā kumu maʻamau i nā mākua:

• Holo nā ʻōpū
• ʻO Goodpasture Syndrome (maʻi kahi e hoʻouka ai ka ʻōnaehana pale maʻi i ka glomeruli)
• Hepatitis B a i ʻole C
• Endocarditis (li nui o loko o ka pale o ka puʻuwai keʻena a me nā puʻupuʻu puʻupuʻu i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi maʻi bacteria a fungal paha)
• Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (maʻi e pili ana i ka palaho a me nā loli i nā hunaola hakuʻala)
• Holomua holomua (crescentic) glomerulonephritis (kahi ʻano o glomerulonephritis e alakaʻi ai i ka lilo wikiwiki o ka hana hakuʻala)
• Lupus nephritis (hakuʻala komplication o ʻōnaehana lupus erythematosus)
• Vasculitis (li nui o nā kīʻaha koko)
• Nā maʻi Viral e like me mononucleosis, measles, mumps

Hoʻopili ka mumū i ka hana o ka glomerulus. ʻO kēia ka ʻāpana o ka puʻupaʻa e kānana i ke koko e hana i ka mimi a hemo i ka ʻōpala. A ʻo kahi hopena, ʻike ʻia ke koko a me ka protein i ka mimi, a kūkulu ʻia ka nui o ka wai i loko o ke kino.

Kū ka pehu o ke kino ke nalowale ke koko i kahi protein i kapa ʻia albumin. Mālama ʻo Albumin i ka wai i nā kīʻaha koko. Ke nalowale, ʻohiʻohi ka wai i nā aʻa o ke kino.

ʻO ke kahe o ke koko mai nā hale hakuʻeha i alakaʻi ʻia i ke koko i ka mimi.

ʻO nā ʻōuli maʻamau o nephritic maʻi:

• ʻO ke koko i loko o ka mimi (ʻeleʻele ka mimi, ʻeleʻele kī, a ʻohuʻohu paha)
• Hoʻoemi i ka puka mimi (liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻole paha mimi e hana ʻia)
• ʻO ka pehu ʻana o ka maka, ka maka o ka maka, nā wāwae, nā lima, nā lima, nā wāwae, ʻōpū, a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe
• Piʻi koko kiʻekiʻe

ʻO nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe e kū pū paha me:

• ʻIke makapō, maʻa mau mai nā kīʻaha koko i ka retina o ka maka
• Cough me ka mucus a i ʻole ka poni, nā mea momona mai ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi wai i nā akemāmā
• Ka hanu ʻana o ka hanu, mai ka hoʻoulu wai i nā akemāmā
• ʻO ka manaʻo maʻi maʻamau (malaise), hiamoe, huikau, ʻeha a me nā ʻeha, ʻeha ke poʻo

Nā ʻōuli o ka hōʻeha kīwī ʻole a i ʻole ka wā lōʻihi (maʻi mau) e ulu paha.

I ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana, loaʻa i kāu mea mālama ola i kēia mau hōʻailona:

• Piʻi koko kiʻekiʻe
• Kani nā naʻau maʻamau a me nā akemāmā
• Nā hōʻailona o ka nui o ka wai (edema) e like me ka pehu ʻana i nā wāwae, nā lima, ke alo, a me ka ʻōpū
• Ake akea
• Hoʻonui nā veins i ka ʻāʻī

ʻO nā hoʻāʻo e hana ʻia ana paha:

• Nā uila electrolytes
• ʻO nitrogen urea koko (BUN)
• ʻĀiwi
• ʻĀina Creatinine
• Hōʻike potassium
• Protein i ka mimi
• Urinalysis

E hōʻike kahi biopsy ʻōpala i ka mumū o ka glomeruli, kahi e hōʻike ai i ke kumu o ke ʻano.

ʻO nā hoʻāʻo e ʻike i ke kumu o ka nephritic maʻi maʻi e komo pū paha:

• ANA titer no ka lupus
• ʻO Antiglomerular basement membrane antibody
• Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody no vasculitis (ANCA)
• Moʻomeheu Koko
• Ka moʻomeheu o ka ʻāʻī a i ʻole ka ʻili
• Serum kōkua (C3 a me C4)

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana e hōʻemi i ka mumū ma ka puʻupaʻa a kāohi i ke kahe kiʻekiʻe. Pono ʻoe e noho i ka haukapila e ʻike ʻia a mālama ʻia.

Koi paha kāu mea hāʻawi:

• Moe a hiki i kou manaʻo me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa
• ʻO kahi papaʻai e kaupalena ana i ka paʻakai, nā wai, a me ka pāhare potassium
• E mālama i nā lāʻau i ke koko kiʻekiʻe, hoʻemi i ka mumū, a i ʻole e wehe i ka wai mai kou kino
• ʻO ka dialysis kidney, inā pono

Aia ka nānā i ka maʻi e hoʻomaka ai ka nephritis. Ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ke ʻano, hiki ke hala nā ʻōuli o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai (e like me ka pehu ʻana a me ke kahe) a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koko i nā pule he 1 a ʻelua paha. He mau mahina paha ka huli ʻana o ka mimi a hoʻi i ka maʻamau.

Mālama nā keiki e hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā mākua a hoʻi pinepine i ke ola. ʻAʻohe wale lākou e hoʻomōhala i nā pilikia a i ʻole ke holomua i ka glomerulonephritis mau loa a me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi mau.

ʻAʻole hoʻi e ola nā mākua a wikiwiki paha e like me nā keiki. ʻOiai he mea maʻamau ʻole ka hoʻi ʻana o ka maʻi, i kekahi mau mākua, hoʻi ka maʻi a hoʻomohala lākou i nā maʻi puʻukū hope loa a pono paha lākou i ka dialysis a i ʻole ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi kīʻaha.

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻōuli o ka nephritic maʻi maʻi.

ʻO ka pinepine, ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia ka maʻi, ʻoiai ke kōkua ʻana i ka maʻi a me ka maʻi e hōʻemi i ka pilikia.

Glomerulonephritis - huʻi; Glomerulonephritis huehue; ʻO ka maʻi nephritis

• Anatomia hakuʻala
• ʻO Glomerulus a me nephron

Radhakrishnan J, Appel GB. Nā maʻi Glomerular a me nā syndrome nephrotic. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 113.

Saha M, Pendergraft WF, Jennette JC, Falk RJ. Maʻi glomerular mua. I: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, eds. ʻO Brenner a me Rector's The Kidney. 11th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 31.