Glomerulonephritis

ʻO Glomerulonephritis kahi ʻano o nā maʻi ʻōpū kahi e ʻino ai ka ʻāpana o kou puʻupaʻa e kōkua ai i ka kānana ʻōpala a me nā wai mai ke koko.

Kapa ʻia ka wae kānana o ka puʻupaʻa ʻo glomerulus. He tausani glomeruli ko kēlā me kēia hakuʻala. Kōkua ka glomeruli i ke kino e hoʻopau i nā mea ʻino.

Hoʻokumu ʻia paha ʻo Glomerulonephritis e nā pilikia me ka pale o ke kino. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ke kumu kūpono o kēia ʻano.

ʻO ka hōʻino i ka glomeruli ke kumu e nalowale ke koko a me ka protein i ka mimi.

Hiki ke hoʻomohala koke ke ʻano, a nalowale ka hana o ka hakuʻala i loko o mau pule a i ʻole mau mahina. Kāhea ʻia kēia ʻo glomerulonephritis holomua wikiwiki.

ʻO kekahi poʻe me ka glomerulonephritis maʻi ʻole i loaʻa ka mōʻaukala o ka maʻi puʻupaʻa.

Hiki i nā mea aʻe ke hoʻonui i kou makaʻina no kēia ʻano:

• Nā maʻi maʻi koko a i ʻole lymphatic
• Hōʻike i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe hydrocarbon
• Mōʻaukala o ka maʻi ʻaʻai
• ʻO nā maʻi e like me nā maʻi strep, nā virus, nā maʻi puʻuwai, a i ʻole nā ​​abscesses

Hana nā kumu he nui a hoʻonui paha i ka makaʻu no ka glomerulonephritis, me:

• ʻO Amyloidosis (kahi maʻi kahi protein i kapa ʻia ʻo amyloid e kūkulu ai i loko o nā lālā a me nā aʻa)
• ʻO ka maʻi e hoʻopili i ka membrane papa lalo glomerular, ka ʻāpana o ka puʻupaʻa e kōkua i ka kānana ʻōpala a me nā wai keu mai ke koko
• Nā maʻi o ke kīʻaha koko, e like me vasculitis a i ʻole polyarteritis
• Glomerulosclerosis (segmental glomerulosclerosis) (scarring o ka glomeruli)
• ʻO ka maʻi membrane anti-glomerular basement membrane (maʻi kahi e hoʻouka ai ka ʻōnaehana immune i ka glomeruli)
• ʻO ka analgesic nephropathy syndrome (maʻi maʻi maʻi ma muli o ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o nā mea hōʻeha ʻeha, ʻo ia hoʻi nā NSAID)
• Henoch-Schönlein purpura (maʻi e pili ana i nā kiko poni ma ka ʻili, ʻeha pū, nā pilikia gastrointestinal a me glomerulonephritis)
• IgA nephropathy (maʻi kahi i kapa ʻia ai nā mea ʻino i kapa ʻia ʻo IgA i loko o nā aʻa puʻupaʻa)
• Lupus nephritis (hakuʻala komplication o lupus)
• Membranoproliferative GN (ke ʻano o ka glomerulonephritis ma muli o ke kūkulu ʻole ʻana o nā mea pale i nā puʻupaʻa)

ʻO nā ʻōuli maʻamau o glomerulonephritis:

• Koko i ka mimi (ʻeleʻele, ʻālohilohi, a i ʻole ka mimi ʻeleʻele)
• Hua mimi (ma muli o ka nui o ka protein i ka mimi)
• Pehu (edema) o ka maka, maka, kuʻekuʻe wāwae, nā wāwae, nā wāwae, a me nā ʻōpū

Pākuʻi ʻia paha nā ʻōuli i kēia mau mea:

• Abdominal eha
• ʻO ke koko i ka luaʻi a i ʻole nā ​​noho
• Cough a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka hanu
• Pohā
• Urination nui loa
• Fiva
• ʻO ka manaʻo maʻi nui, ka luhi, a me ka nalo o ka makemake
• Huʻihui a ʻeha nā ʻeha
• Nosebleed

Hiki ke hoʻomohala i nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi mau ma ka manawa.

Hiki ke ulu mālie i nā ʻōuli maʻi ʻōniʻoniʻo.

Ma muli o ka lohi o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ʻōuli, ʻike ʻia ka maʻi ke loaʻa ʻoe kahi urinalysis maʻamau i ka wā o ke kino a i ʻole ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana no kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe.

Hiki i nā hōʻailona o glomerulonephritis ke hoʻopili:

• Anemia
• Piʻi koko kiʻekiʻe
• Nā hōʻailona o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o ka hakuʻala

Hōʻoia kahi biopsy kidney i ke kuhi.

Ma hope aku, e ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi mau, me:

• ʻO ke kuʻi nerve (polyneuropathy)
• ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka wai, me nā leo puʻuwai a me nā puʻupaʻa
• Pehu (edema)

ʻO nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi ʻana i hana ʻia e hoʻopili ʻia:

• Scanner CT ʻōpū
• Pākuʻi ultrasound
• Pākuʻi x-ray
• ʻO ka pyelogram Intravenous (IVP)

Urinalysis a me nā mimi hoʻokolohua nā:

• ʻĀina Creatinine
• ʻO ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana o ka mimi ma lalo o kahi microscope
• Urine huina protein
• Uric acid i ka mimi
• Hōʻoia i ka mimi mimiki
• Mīkini hakuʻine
• Pīmī protein
• Urine RBC
• Umekaumaha kikoʻī
• ʻO osmolality mimi

Hiki i kēia maʻi ke kumu i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole ma nā hōʻike koko aʻe:

• Albumin
• ʻO ka hoʻāʻo antiglomerular basement membrane antibody test
• Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs)
• Nā kinikini antinuclear
• BUN a me ka creatinine
• Nā pae hoʻokō

Pili ka mālama ʻana i ke kumu o ka maʻi, a me ke ʻano a me ke koʻikoʻi o nā ʻōuli. ʻO ka kaohi ʻana i ke koko kiʻekiʻe ka mea nui o ka mālama ʻana.

ʻO nā lāʻau i kauoha ʻia e hoʻopili ʻia:

• ʻO nā lāʻau kaomi koko, ka hapanui pinepine o nā angiotensin-hoʻololi i nā mea kūpale enzyme a me nā angiotensin receptor blockers
• Corticosteroids
• Nā lāʻau e kāohi i ka ʻōnaehana pale

ʻO ke kaʻina hana i kapa ʻia plasmapheresis i kekahi manawa e hoʻohana ʻia no ka glomerulonephritis i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā pilikia pale. Lawe ʻia ka ʻāpana ʻāpana o ke koko i loaʻa nā mea pale mūhō a kāpae ʻia me nā wai aʻa i hāʻawi ʻia a i hāʻawi ʻia paha i ka plasma (ʻaʻohe ona antibodies). ʻO ka lawe ʻana i nā mea ʻino e hōʻemi ai i ka mumū ma nā aʻa puʻupaʻa.

Pono paha ʻoe e kaupalena i kāu lawe ʻana i ka sodium, nā wai, nā protein, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā kānaka me kēia ʻano e kiaʻi pono ʻia no nā ʻōuli o ke kō ʻole o ka hakuʻala. Dialysis a i ʻole ke kuʻi ʻōiwi e pono ai ma hope.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine i ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi ma ke komo ʻana i nā pūʻulu kākoʻo kahi e puʻunaue ai nā lālā i nā ʻike a me nā pilikia maʻamau.

He manawa pōkole a hoʻi hou ʻia ʻo Glomerulonephritis, a i ʻole e ʻoi aku ka ʻino. Hiki i ka glomerulonephritis holomua ke alakaʻi iā:

• Ka hōʻeha kīnā ʻole
• Hoemi i ka hana hakuʻala
• ʻO ka maʻi hōʻeha hope loa

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi nephrotic a hiki ke kāohi ʻia, hiki paha iā ʻoe ke kaohi i nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe. Inā hiki ʻole ke kāohi ʻia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomohala i nā maʻi puʻupaʻa hope loa.

Kāhea i kāu kahu mālama ola inā:

• He kūlana kou e hoʻonui ai i kou makaʻi no ka glomerulonephritis
• Hoʻolālā ʻoe i nā ʻōuli o glomerulonephritis

ʻAʻole hiki ke pale ʻia ka hapa nui o nā hihia o glomerulonephritis. Pale ʻia kekahi mau hihia e ka hōʻalo ʻana a i ʻole ka kaupalena ʻana i ka hōʻike ʻana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻeola, mercury, a me nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal (NSAIDs).

Glomerulonephritis - mau; Nephritis maʻi; Maʻi Glomerular; Necrotizing glomerulonephritis; Glomerulonephritis - crescentic; Glomerulonephritis Crescentic; ʻO glomerulonephritis holomua wikiwiki

• Anatomia hakuʻala
• ʻO Glomerulus a me nephron

Radhakrishnan J, Appel GB, DʻAgati VD. Maʻi glomerular lua. I: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, eds. ʻO Brenner a me Rector's The Kidney. 11th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 32.

ʻO Reich HN, Cattran DC. Hoʻomaʻo i ka glomerulonephritis. I: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, eds. ʻO Brenner a me Rector's The Kidney. 11th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 33.

Saha MK, Pendergraft WF, Jennette JC, Falk RJ. Maʻi glomerular mua. I: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, eds. ʻO Brenner a me Rector's The Kidney. 11th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 31.