Maʻi ʻaʻai kala

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai Colorectal ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomaka i loko o ka ʻōpū nui (kolona) a i ʻole ke kiko (ka hopena o ke kolona).

Hiki i nā ʻano maʻi ʻē aʻe ke hoʻopili i ke kolone. Hoʻopili kēia i ka lymphoma, nā tumo carcinoid, melanoma, a me nā sarcomas. Kākaʻikahi kēia mau mea. I kēia ʻatikala, pili ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona i ka maʻi ʻaʻai kala wale.

Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo ka maʻi ʻaʻai kala kekahi o nā kumu nui o ka make ma muli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hiki i ke kuhi mua ke alakaʻi i kahi hoʻōla holoʻokoʻa.

ʻO ka ʻaneʻane kokoke i nā maʻi ʻino kolonā āpau e hoʻomaka i ka uhi o ke kolona a me ka pololei. Ke kamaʻilio nā kauka e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai kala, ʻo kēia ka mea maʻamau a lākou e kamaʻilio nei.

ʻAʻohe kumu hoʻokahi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolone. Ma kahi kokoke i nā ʻōpena kolona āpau e hoʻomaka ma ke ʻano he polyps noncancerous (benign), e ulu mālie a lilo i maʻi ʻaʻai.

Loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe no ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona inā ʻoe:

• ʻOi aku ma mua o 50
• He ʻAmelika ʻApelika a i ʻole he moʻokūʻauhau ko ʻEulopa hikina
• ʻAi nui i ka ʻulaʻula a i ʻole nā ​​meaʻai i hana ʻia
• Loaʻa i nā polyps colorectal
• Loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻōpū inflammatory (Crohn disease or ulcerative colitis)
• Loaʻa i kahi moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolone

Hoʻonui pū kekahi mau maʻi hoʻoilina i ka makaʻu o ka ulu ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona. ʻO kekahi o nā mea maʻamau i kapa ʻia ʻo Lynch Syndrome.

He mea nui paha kāu e ʻai ai i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona. Pili paha ka maʻi 'aʻai o Kolona i ka momona momona, haʻahaʻa-fiber a me ka nui o ka ʻai o ka ʻulaʻula. Ua ʻike kekahi mau noiʻi ʻaʻole e hāʻule ka makaʻu inā ʻoe e hoʻololi i kahi papa hana fiber kiʻekiʻe, no laila ʻaʻole maopopo kēia loulou.

ʻO ka puhi paka ʻana a me ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona kekahi mau pilikia ʻē aʻe no ka maʻi ʻaʻai kala.

ʻAʻohe o nā maʻi he nui i nā maʻi ʻaʻai kolona. Inā loaʻa nā ʻōuli, e hōʻike paha kēia mau mea i ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona.

• ʻO ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū a me ka palupalu i ka ʻōpū o lalo
• Koko i loko o ka pahu
• ʻO ka diarrhea, ka paʻa paʻa, a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻololi ʻē aʻe i loko o ka ʻōpū
• Pahu noho ʻololī
• ʻO ka hōʻemi kaumaha me ke kumu ʻole i ʻike ʻia

Ma o nā hōʻike loiloi ʻana, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona ma mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ʻōuli. ʻO kēia ka manawa hiki ke mālama pono ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

E hana ana kāu kauka i kahi hoʻokolohua kino a kaomi i kou wahi o kou ʻōpū. ʻAʻole hōʻike iki ka loiloi kino i kekahi mau pilikia, ʻoiai ʻike paha ke kauka he puʻupuʻu (nui) i loko o ka ʻōpū. Hōʻike kahi hoʻokolokolo kūpono i kahi nui i ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai pololei, akā ʻaʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona.

ʻIke ʻia kahi hoʻokolohua koko kolohe (fOBT) i nā liʻiliʻi o ke koko i ka pahu. Hōʻike paha kēia i ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona. E hana ʻia kahi sigmoidoscopy, a i ʻole he mea paha, he kolonoscopy, e loiloi ai i ke kumu o ke koko i kāu stool.

Hiki i kahi kolonoscopy piha ke ʻike i ke kolona holoʻokoʻa. ʻO kēia ka hōʻoia loiloi ʻoi loa no ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona.

Hiki ke hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua koko no ka poʻe i ʻike ʻia me ka maʻi ʻaʻai kala, me:

• Helu piha ke koko (CBC) e nānā no ka anemia
• Nā hoʻāʻo hana ate

Inā kuhi ʻia ʻoe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai kala, e hana hou ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e ʻike inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Kāhea ʻia kēia. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka CT a i ʻole MRI scans o ka ʻōpū, wahi pelvic, a i ʻole ka umauma e hoʻokū ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. I kekahi manawa, hoʻohana ʻia nā scanner PET.

ʻO nā pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona ka:

• Kahua 0: Ka maʻi ʻaʻai mua loa ma ka papa o loko o ka ʻōpū
• Kahua I: Aia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā papa o loko o ke kolona
• Kahua II: Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma o ka paia o ka kolona
• Kahua III: Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā pūnana lymph
• ʻOihana IV: Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā mea ʻē aʻe i waho o ke kolona

Hiki ke kōkua i nā hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko e ʻike i nā hōʻailona tumo, e like me ka carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) i ke kauka e ukali iā ʻoe i ka wā a ma hope o ka mālama ʻana.

Pili ka mālama ʻana i nā mea he nui, me ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hiki i nā mālama ke hoʻopili:

• ʻOki kino e wehe i ka hikoko
• ʻO Chemotherapy e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai
• ʻO ka radiation radiation e hōʻino ai i nāʻiʻo maʻi ʻaʻai
• Hoʻopaʻa kaulike e mālama i ka maʻi ʻaʻai mai ka ulu a pālahalaha ʻana

NA MEA HANA

Hiki ke mālama ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona 0 e ka lawe ʻana i ka tumo e hoʻohana ana i ka kolonexopy. No nā pae I, II, a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai III, pono ke kaha ʻoi aku ka nui no ka wehe ʻana i ka ʻāpana o ke kolona i maʻi ʻaʻai. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻoki ʻana me ke kolone resection (colectomy).

CHEMOTHERAPY

ʻAneʻane ʻo ka poʻe āpau me ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolonona pae III e loaʻa ka chemotherapy ma hope o ke kahakaha ʻana no 3 a 6 mau mahina. Kapa ʻia kēia chemotherapy adjuvant. ʻOiai ua hemo aku ka tumo, hāʻawi ʻia ka chemotherapy e mālama i nā hunaola maʻi ʻea e koe.

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Chemotherapy e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā ʻōuli a hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola i ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻā IV kolona.

Loaʻa paha iā ʻoe kahi ʻano lāʻau a i ʻole ka hui pū ʻana o nā lāʻau.

HOLOHOLOMA

Hoʻohana ʻia ka radiation radiation no kekahi maʻi ʻaʻai kolona.

No nā poʻe me ka maʻi maʻi pae IV i pālahalaha aʻe i ke ake, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i ke ake. Hoʻopili paha kēia:

• Ke puhi nei i ka maʻi ʻaʻai (hoʻopau)
• Ke hāʻawi pololei nei i ka chemotherapy a i ʻole ka radiation i ke ake
• Ke hau i ka maʻi ʻaʻai (cryotherapy)
• ʻOki kino

TERERETA HOLO

• Hoʻopaʻa kaulike ʻia nā zero i nā pahuhopu kikoʻī (nā mole) i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. He mea nui kēia mau pahuhopu pehea e ulu a ola ai nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Ke hoʻohana nei i kēia mau pahuhopu, hoʻopau ka lāʻau i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai no laila ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke pālahalaha. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i kahi lāʻau hoʻomōhala ʻia e like me nā pila a i ʻole e injected ʻia i loko o kahi aa.
• Ua hoʻokau paha ʻoe i ka hoʻōla me ka ʻoki ʻana, chemotherapy, a i ʻole radiation radiation.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomāmā i ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi ma ke komo ʻana i kahi hui kākoʻo maʻi ʻaʻai kolone. ʻO ke kaʻana ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i loaʻa nā ʻike a me nā pilikia maʻamau e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ʻole.

I nā manawa he nui, hiki ke mālama ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona ke hopu ʻia i ka wanaʻao.

Maikaʻi kāu hilinaʻi ʻana i nā mea he nui, ʻo ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Ke mālama ʻia i kahi wā mua, nui ka poʻe e ola ma kahi o 5 mau makahiki ma hope o ka ʻike. Kapa ʻia kēia ka helu ola 5 mau makahiki.

Inā ʻaʻole hoʻi ka maʻi ʻaʻā kolonā (recur) i loko o 5 mau makahiki, manaʻo ʻia ua hoʻōla ʻia ia. ʻO nā maʻi ʻo I, II, a me III i manaʻo ʻia he curable paha. I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai pae IV i hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia, ʻoiai aia he ʻokoʻa.

Komo pū nā pilikia:

• Ka poloka o ke kolona, ​​ke kumu o ka ālai ʻana o ka ʻōpū
• Ke hoʻi nei ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ke kolona
• Ka maʻi ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā mea ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nāʻaʻaʻa (metastasis)
• Ke hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi maʻi maʻi maʻi ʻelua ʻelua

Kāhea i kāu kahu mālama ola inā loaʻa iā ʻoe:

• Pahu noho eleele, e like me ke tar
• Koko i ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻōpū
• Hoʻololi i nā ʻano ʻōpū
• ʻO ka pohō kaumaha i wehewehe ʻole ʻia

Hiki ke hopu ʻia ʻo ka maʻi ʻaʻā kolone e ka colonoscopy i nā wā mua a me nā curable. ʻAneʻane ʻo nā kāne a me nā wahine he 50 a ʻoi paha makahiki e pono e nānā i ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona. Pono paha ka poʻe i ʻoi aʻe ka makaʻu i ka kānana mua.

Hiki i nā kānana kanulau kolona ke loaʻa pinepine i nā polyps ma mua o ka lilo ʻana i maʻi ʻaʻai. Ke pale nei i kēia mau polyps hiki ke pale i ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona.

He mea nui ka hoʻololi ʻana i kāu papaʻai a me kou nohona. Hōʻike ka noiʻi noiʻi olakino hiki i nā papaʻai momona momona a me nā fiber kiʻekiʻe ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i kou makaʻi no ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona.

Maʻi ʻaʻai kala; Kanesa - kolone; Maʻi ʻaʻai Rectal; Kanesa - pololei; Adenocarcinoma - kolona; Kolona - adenocarcinoma; Ka maʻi kanesa o Colon

• Pāhawewe ʻōpū - hoʻokuʻu
• Papaʻai Bland
• Ke hoʻololi nei i kāu ʻeke ostomy
• Chemotherapy - he aha e nīnau aku ai i kāu kauka
• ʻO Ileostomy a me kāu keiki
• Ileostomy a me kāu papaʻai
• Ileostomy - mālama i kāu stoma
• Ileostomy - ke hoʻololi nei i kāu ʻeke
• Ileostomy - hoʻokuʻu
• Ileostomy - he aha e nīnau aku ai i kāu kauka
• ʻO ka ʻōpū nui o ka ʻōpū - hoʻokuʻu
• Noho me kāu ileostomy
• Pāhawewe pelvic - hoʻokuʻu
• ʻO ka radiation radiation - nā nīnau e nīnau ai i kāu kauka
• Hoʻokiʻi liʻiliʻi o ka ʻōpū - hoʻokuʻu
• Huina colectomy a i ʻole proctocolectomy - hoʻokuʻu
• Nā ʻano o ka ileostomy

• Enema Barium
• Kolonekia
• ʻŌnaehana Digestive
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai Rectal - x-ray
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai Sigmoid kolona - x-ray
• ʻO ka metastasis Spleen - CT scan
• ʻO ke ʻano o ke kolona
• Nā pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai
• Ka moʻomeheu kolone
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai Kolona - Series
• Colostomy - Pūnaewele
• ʻO ka ʻōpū nui o ka ʻōpū - Series
• ʻŌpū nui (kolona)

ʻO Garber JJ, Chung DC. ʻO nā polyps colonic a me nā syndrome polyposis. I: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. ʻO Sleisenger a me Fordtran's Gastrointestinal a me ka maʻi ate. 11th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chap 126.

Lawler M, Johnston B, Van Schaeybroeck S, et al. Maʻi ʻaʻai kala. I: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. ʻO Oncology Clinical ʻo Abboff. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 74.

Ke Kula Kaiapuni ʻAi Mokuʻāina. Kāohi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai maʻi Colorectal (PDQ) - Mana Mana Mana Ola. www.kanes.gov/types/colorectal/hp/colorectal-prevention-pdq. Hoʻohou Feb 28, 2020. Loaʻa iā Iune 9, 2020.

Pūnaewele Pūkino Manuahi National. Nā NCCN Clinical Practice Alakaʻi ma Oncology. ʻO ka loiloi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai Colorectal. Mana 2.2020. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/colorectal_screening.pdf. Hoʻohou ʻia Iune 8, 2020. Loaʻa iā Iune 9, 2020.

ʻO Qaseem A, Crandall CJ, Mustafa RA, Hicks LA, Wilt TJ; ʻO ke Kōmike Alakaʻi Clinical o ke Kulanui ʻAmelika o nā Kauka. ʻO ka loiloi no ka maʻi ʻaʻai kala i nā mākua awelika a asymptomatic: kahi ʻōlelo alakaʻi mai ke Kulanui ʻAmelika o nā Kauka. ʻO Ann Intern Med. 2019; 171 (9): 643-654. PMID: 31683290 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31683290.

Rex DK, Boland CR, Dominitz JA, et al. ʻO ka loiloi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai Colorectal: nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no nā kauka a me nā mea maʻi mai ka U.S. Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer. ʻO Am J Gastroenterol. 2017; 112 (7): 1016-1030. PMID: 28555630 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28555630.